ارزیابی اثرات توانمندسازی نیروی انسانی در توسعة صنعت گردشگری (مطالعة موردی: استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد)
محورهای موضوعی :
فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای
علی شمس الدینی
1
,
الهام درخشان
2
,
ببراز کریمی
3
1 - باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران
2 - کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی گردشگری، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
3 - مدرس گروه شهرسازی، واحد صفاشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، صفاشهر، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/11/26
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/11/26
تاریخ انتشار : 1395/11/01
کلید واژه:
گردشگری,
توانمندسازی,
توسعه گردشگری,
کهگیلویه و بویراحمد,
نیروی انسانی,
چکیده مقاله :
بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر پیشرفت و توسعه در جوامع پیشرفته نشان میدهد که همهی این کشورها علاوه بر زیرساختهای مناسب و پتانسیلهای بالای گردشگری و جغرافیایی، از نهادهای تربیتی، حرفهای و آموزشی توانمند و کارا نیز برخوردارند. پرسنل سازمانهای دولتی و خصوصی گردشگری، با ارائۀ خدمات مطلوب به ارباب رجوع و سرمایهگذاران در واحدهای اقتصادی و گردشگری، نقش به سزایی در جذب گردشگر و سرمایهگذار و در نتیجه کمک به رشد و توسعۀ کشور و جامعه دارد. در این راستا، هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر توانمندسازی نیروی انسانی در توسعة گردشگری استان کهکیلویه و بویراحمد است. این پژوهش، از نوع مطالعات توصیفی- کاربردی است، جامعه آماری مورد بررسی در این پژوهش،130 نفر از کارشناسان سازمان میراث فرهنگی، صنایع دستی و گردشگری استان است که بر اساس جدول مورگان 97 نفراز میان آنها به عنوان نمونه مورد مطالعه به صورت تصادفی انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه میباشد، که مبتنی بر 4 سؤال عمومی و 28 سؤال تخصصی طراحی شده و برای تعیین روایی و اعتبار آن، از روایی محتوایی و ضریب آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شده است. برای دستیابی به اهداف پژوهش از روشهای آماری مانند ضریب همبستگی پیرسون، رگرسیون و تحلیل مسیر، استفاده شد. بر اساس ضرایب همبستگی محاسبه شده، میان چهار مؤلفه مهارت و تخصص شغلی، دانش و اطلاعات شغلی، سطح نگرش و انگیزة شغلی و توسعة گردشگری در استان کهکیلویه و بویراحمد به ترتیب در سطح 634/0، 721/0، 632/0، 704/0 رابطة معنی دار وجود دارد. در ضمن نتایج حاصل از تحلیل مسیر حاکی از این بود که متغیر نیروی انسانی توانمند، درتوسعة گردشگری با ضریب 764/0تأثیرات مثبت و مستقیمی دارد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Factors affecting the development of advanced societies show that all of these countries hve professional and capable educational institutions, in addition to appropriate infrastructure and high tourism and geographical potential.In this regard, this study examines the impact of empowerment of human resources in the development of tourism in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province. This research is descriptive-analysis researches in term of its nature and in term of objective is functional. The population of this study is 130 experts of cultural heritage handicrafts and Tourism organism of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province which 97 of them were randomly selected as the sample studied based on Morgan samples. The data collection tool in this study is a questionnaire which is based on four general questions and 28 specific questions that its validity and reliability is determined by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. To achieve the research objectives, the statistical methods such as correlation, regression and path analysis were used. Based on the calculated correlation coefficients, there is a significant relationship among the four components of job expertise, knowledge and career information, job motivation and attitude and tourism development at %634 , %721, %632 , %704 levels in Fars province, respectively, . The results showed that empowerment of human resources variable, by a factor of 764/0, has a direct and positive impact on the development of tourism industry.
منابع و مأخذ:
Aghayar, S. (2004):a new method enabling the competitive environment. Monthly tadbir. Number 135. (in persian)
Ajdari, A.R. (2014):The role of management in tourism, science tourism.(in persian)
Amin Beidokhti, A.A and N. Sharifi, (2013): The relationship between tourism boom and social capital in the coastal areas of the Caspian Sea, Tourism Management Studies Quarterly, Vol. VII, No. 17.(in persian)Bowen, D.E. & E.E. Lawler, (1992): The empowerment of service workers: What, why how and when. Sloan Management Review, 33(3), pp.: 31-39.
Bhusan, H & K. Mohanty, (2015): Empowering Women through Tourism Development, Odisha Review.
Buhanlis, D & C. Costa, (2006): Tourism Management Dynamics, Elsevier Oxford.
Donyadydeh, A. (2011): The role of human resource empowerment to the success of sustainable tourism, Monthly of the passengers, numbers 53 and 54.(in persian)
Ebrahimzadeh, F. and H. Kuhestani, and M. Ismaili, (2011): the role of empowerment methods to increase the human resource function of Payam Noor University of Golestan province. Master's thesis. Birjand University. (in persian)
Hassanpour, H.(2013):The development of comprehensive training on the development of Makran coastAnd its role in maritime authority in Iran, The first national conference on the development of Makran coast and the maritime authority of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran,p.p.,1-17.(in persian)
Heidari Chiane, R. (2011): Foundations of the tourism industry planning, samt publisher, Tehran.(in persian)
Heidari Sarban, V & A. Yarihesar, (2015): examines the role of rural tourism in the social empowerment of rural women (Case study: zyarat village, city Bavanat, Fars Province), the first national conference on tourism and green tourism, Hamedan. (in persian)
Hubrecht, J. & R.Teare, (1993): A strategy for partnership in total quality service. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 5(3), pp.: 1-5.
Imeni Gheshlagh, S & F. Khani, and S. Hashemi, (2013): the role of tourism in development of rural women entrepreneurship (comparative study: kandovan and eskanda Village: city osku), Journal of Geography and Regional Development, eighteenth issue. (in persian)
Ismail Pour, I & S. Z . Sadat Madineh, (2015): the empowerment of human resources in tourism development: a strategy that makes it possible to compete in the tourism industry, international conference on sustainable development, strategies and challenges, with a focus on agriculture, natural resources, environment and tourism, Tabriz. (in persian)
Khwaja Shahkuyy, A.R.& Gh. Kfoshfar, & L. Karimi, (2013): the role of tourism in the empowerment of rural women (case study: the of zyarat village of gorgan city), during the first, third number, pp.,106-125. (in persian)
Karroubi, M. (2010):The Role of human communication in tourism development, Journal of Management Sciences in Iran, Issue 13,p.p,.101-130.(in persian)
Kavoosi, I & F. Ahmadi, (2011): Globalization and the development of human resources, globalization Strategic Studies, Volume 1,p.p.,1-29.(in persian)
Khodaee, Z & H. Kalantari KhalilAbad, (2013):Tourism development with an emphasis on the training of human resources, Journal of Urban Management Studies, Vol. 4, Issue 12,p.p.,47-59.(in persian)Kozak, M & R. Mike, (1999): Measuring tourist destination competitiveness: Conceptual considerations and empirical findings, Hospitality Management, 18, pp: 273-283.
Krishna, p. (2015): Woman Empowerment through Entrepreneurship in Service Sector with special Reference to SHGs in Tourism, Social Science, Vol 3, Issue,9.
Mason, P. (2003): Tourism Impacts: Planning and Management, Butterworth- Heinemann An imprint of Elsevier Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, 200 Wheeler Road, Burlington, MA 01803, First published 2003.
Mohammadi, H. (2010): Factors in empowering human resources, Quarterly cooperation, the twentieth year, the number 204 and 205. (in persian)
Mohammadi, M.(1380): Employee empowerment. Journal of Management Studies. Number 31 and 32. (in persian)
Morgan, Nigel & et all (2002): New Zeland, 100% Pure. The creation of a powerful niche destination brand, Journal of brand management, 9 (4-5), PP:35-54.
Mousavi, M.N and A. Bagheri Kashkouli, (2014): cultural tourism(nature and concepts), book publishing Arad, Tehran.(in persian)
Mousavi, M.N & M. Abdollah Zadeh, (2014): Tourism Strategic Planning (concepts, principles and models), book publishing Arad, Tehran.(in persian)
Mousavi, MN& M . Abdllah Zadeh, & M. Ahmadian, (2014): Multi-Attribute Decision Making Methods in tourism planning, publishing books Arad, Tehran.(in persian)
Papoli Yazdi, M. and M. Saghaei, (2007): Tourism: the nature and implications, samt publisher, First Edition, Tehran. (in persian)
Pastor, J. (1996): Empowerment: What it is and what it is not. Empowerment in Organizations, 4(2), pp: 5-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09684899610118028
Rizal ,P and R. Asokan, (2013):Empowerment Of Women Through Tourism Industry In Sikkim State, India, International Journal of Current Research, Vol. 5, Issue, 12.
Sangari, N. (2010): Spiritual Leadership and Empowerment, Covenant Monthly managers, No. 46.(in persian)Tohidy, F & H. Nabilou, (2012): Human Resources Empowerment and Its Role in the Sustainable Tourism, Asian Social Science, Vol. 8, No. 1; January 2012.
Shah Nordin, A.O & K. A. Tuan Lonik, & M. Jaafar, (2014):Empowering Local Communities through Tourism Entrepreneurship: The Case of Micro Tourism Entrepreneurs in Langkawi Island, published by EDP Sciences, Volume 12, p.p,9-18.
Shobeiri, SM & et al, (2014): Consequences of Eco-tourism on coastal areas of the Caspian Sea and local authorities' opinion, Planning and Tourism Development Journal, Vol. II, No. 5.(in persian)
Sofield, H.B. Trevor, (2003): Empowerment for Sustainable Tourism Development, Elsevier Scince Ltd.
Zayn Abadi, H.R and C. Parand, (2014): Vocational training and employment in Iran, the country's technical and vocational education, Volume II.(in persian
_||_