ارائه مدل راهبردی اشتغال‌زایی و افزایش کسب و کار کشاورزی و روستایی درایران

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

علی شکور ¹ (استاد گروه جغرافیای انسانی، واحد مرودشت ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، مرودشت ،ایران)
علی شجاعی فرد ² (استادیار گروه مدیریت، دانشگاه پیام نور ، تهران ، ایران)
مهتاب جعفری ³ (استادیار گروه جغرافیا، واحد چالوس ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس ، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/03/20 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/05/12 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/05/01

کلید واژه: ایران, کارآفرینی, راهبرد اشتغال‌زایی, افزایش کسب و کار کشاورزی,

چکیده مقاله :

امروزه، توسعه کارآفرینی از سازنده‌ترین راهکار‌های توسعه اقتصادی و اجتماعی و فرهنگی مناطق روستایی به حساب می‌آید و از آن به عنوان اکسیری برای اشتغال‌زایی و کاهش فقر یاد می‌شود. هدف پژوهش حاضر، ارائه راهکار‌های واشتغال‌زایی و کارآفرینی در ایران می‌باشد. این پژوهش که در رسته پژوهش‌‌های کاربردی است با روش توصیفی و تحلیلی انجام شده است. روش جمع‌آوری داده‌‌ها، پیمایش میدانی با استفاده از ابزار پرسشنامه و روش تحلیل داده‌‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS صورت گرفته است. جامعه آماری با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 380 نفر از ساکنان روستایی در مناطق مورد مطالعه به صورت تصادفی است. تحلیل داده‌‌ها از طریق آزمون‌‌های تاپسیس و تحلیل AHP صورت گرفته است و نتایج بدست‏آمده حاکی از آن است که از نظر پاسخگویان سه متغیر حمایت گوناگون نهاد‌های مسئول و متولی‌بخش کشاورزی، آگاهی درباره نیاز مصرف‌کنندگان و برداشت به موقع و کاهش تلفات به ترتیب با ضریب اولویت 624/0، 613/0 و 590/0 مهمترین علل گسترش کسب و کار کشاورزی و روستایی و مدل راهبردی اشتغالزایی در محدوده‌‌های مورد مطالعه می‌باشند. از جمله راهکار‌های پیشنهادی، اصلاح قوانین مالیاتی مرتبط با کارآفرینان، تأسیس صندوق‌های حمایت از کارآفرینان در‌بخش کشاورزی، اتخاذ تدابیری جهت کاهش موانع اداری در فرآیندهای کارآفرینی در‌بخش کشاورزی و ایجاد و تقویت مراکز مشاوره‌ای می‌باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Today , entrepreneur ship development is one of the most constructive strategi es for economic , social and cultural development of rural areas and it is mention ed as an elixir for job creation and poverty reduction . The purpose of this study is to provide strategies for job creation and entrepreneurship in Iran . This research, which is in the field of appli ed research, has been done by descripti ve and analytical methods . Data collection method was field survey using a questionnaire and data analysis method was SPSS software . The statistical population using the Cochran ' s formula is 380 rural residen ts in the study areas at rand om . Data analysis was performed through T O P S I S tests and A H P analysis and the results show that according to the respondents, the three variables of various support of responsible institutions in char ge of agriculture, awareness of consumer needs and timely harvesting and reduction of losses by coefficient, respectively . Priority 0.624, 0.613 and 0.590 are the most important reasons for the expansion of agricultural and rural business and the strategic model of job creation in the study areas . Among the proposed solutions are the reform of tax laws related to entrepreneurs , the establishment of funds to support entrepreneurs in the agricultural sector , the adoption of measures to reduce administrative barriers to entrepreneurial processes in the agricultural sector and the establishment and strengthening of consulting centers .

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