اثربخشی طرح‌واره درمانی بر افکار ناکارآمد و امیدواری در دانشجویان دختر خوابگاهی
محورهای موضوعی : روان شناسی
فاطمه آزادی
1
(کارشناسی ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد اسلامشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اسلامشهر، ایران.)
مهرناز آزاد یکتا
2
(دانشیار، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد اسلامشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اسلامشهر، ایران.)
رزیتا ذبیحی
3
(استادیار، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد اسلامشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اسلامشهر، ایران.)
کلید واژه: امیدواری, طرح‌واره درمانی, افکار ناکارآمد,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش حاضر، تعیین اثربخشی طرح واره‌درمانی بر افکار ناکارآمد و امیدواری در دانشجویان دختر خوابگاهی شهر تهران بود. جامعه آماری ،کلیه دانشجویان دختر خوابگاهی منطقه 4 شهر تهران در سال تحصیلی 1399 بود. از بین جامعه آماری 30 نفر با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش (15 نفر) و کنترل (15 نفر) جایگزین شدند. روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی از نوع پیش آزمون-پس آزمون و مرحله پیگیری بود. در این پژوهش از ابزار های اندازه گیری مقیاس نگرش‌های ناکارآمد ویزمن و بک(1978) و پرسشنامه امیدواری اسنایدر و همکاران(1991) استفاده شد. مداخله طرحواره‌درمانی برای آزمودنی‌های گروه آزمایش طی 10 جلسه 90 دقیقه ای و هفته ای یک بارانجام گرفت. در حالی‌که آزمودنی‌های گروه کنترل درمانی را دریافت نکردند. پس از پایان جلسات مداخله از هر دو گروه پس آزمون گرفته شد. دو ماه بعد مرحله پیگیری برگزارشد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از تحلیل کوواریانس چند متغییره و تک متغییره استفاده شد. نتایج یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که طرح واره‌درمانی بر افکار ناکارآمد و امیدواری در دانشجویان دختر خوابگاهی شهر تهران اثر بخش بود و این نتایج تا مرحله پیگیری تداوم داشت.
The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of schema therapy on dysfunctional thoughts and hopefulness in female dormitory students in Tehran. The statistical population consisted of all female dormitory students in the 4th district of Tehran in 2019, among whom 30 individuals were selected using the purposeful sampling method and randomly assigned into experimental (15 subjects) and control (15 subjects) groups. The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Weismann & Beck (1978) Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale and Snyder & et al. (1991) Hopefulness Questionnaires were implemented for data collection. The experimental group underwent schema therapy in ten 90- minutes sessions once a week, but the control group did not receive any treatment. Then post-test and after two months the follow-up was proceeded. Multi variate covariance and analysis of covariance analysis was applied to analyze the collected data. The results showed that the schema therapy was effective on dysfunctional thoughts and hopefulness in female dormitory students in Tehran. The results were consistent up to the follow-up.
Ahmadi, S., Maredpoor, A., & Mahmoudi, A. (2020). Effectiveness of schema therapy on initial incompatible schemas, increasing quality of life and marital satisfaction in divorce applicants in Shiraz. Psychological Methods and Models, 11(41), 53-70. [Persian] URL: http://jpmm.marvdasht.iau.ir/article_4529.html?lang=en
Arendtz, A., & Khandran, H. F. (2009). Schema treatment of borderline personality disorder. Translated by H. Zirak & H. Hajipour. (2014). First Edition. Tehran: Arjmand Publications. URL: https://www.arjmandpub.com/Book/1184
Beak, A. T. (1976). Cognitive therapy and emotional disorders. New York: International University Press. URL: https://www.amazon.com/Cognitive-Therapy-Emotional-Disorders-Aaron/dp/0452009286
Chioqueta, A., & Stiles, T. (2004). Psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (form A). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, 33(2), 83 -86. URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/16506070410023951
Ebrahimi, A., & Moosavi S. G. (2013). Development and validation of the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale -26 items : Factor structure, reliability and validity in Psychiatric outpatients. Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, 21(5), 20-28. [Persian] URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/appy.12020
Ghaderi, F., Kalantari, M., & Mehrabi, H. (2016). Effectiveness of group schema therapy on early maladaptive schemas modification and reduce of social anxiety disorder symptoms. Clinical Psychology Studies, 6(24), 1-28. [Persian] URL: https://doi.org/10.22054/jcps.2016.6512
Goli, R., Hedayat, S., Dehghan, F., & Hosseini-Shorabe, M. (2016). The effect of Group Schema Therapy on psychological well-being and aggression in University Students. Journal of Health and Care, 18(3), 258-275. [Persian] URL: http://hcjournal.arums.ac.ir/article-1-596-en.html
Haghani, E., Banisi, P., & Bozazian, S. (2019). The effectiveness of schema therapy training on the dysfunctional attitude and rumination of anxious female students of clinical psychology University of Tehran. New Approach in Educational Sciences, 1(1), 54-67. URL: https://doi.org/10.22034/naes.2019.213701.1014
Hajhosseini, M., Mahdavi, A., & Mohammadi, M. (2021). The Effectiveness of Schema-Based Group Training on Psychological Well-being of Female Students. Social Cognition, 10(1), 149-164. URL: https://doi.org/10.30473/sc.2021.52484.2533
Jafari, A., Pouyamanesh, J., Ghorbanian, N., & Kabiri, M. (2013). The effectiveness of schema therapy on moderating early maladaptive schemas and reducing students' anxiety sensitivity. Journal of Instruction and Evaluation, 6(24), 79-91. [Persian] URL: https://doi.org/10.32598/jpcp.10.1.593.1
Jamasian Mobarkeh, A., & Dokaneheeifard, F. (2017). The effectiveness of reality therapy on increasing resiliency, life expectancy and improve the quality of life of infertile women infertility center sarim. Counseling Culture and Psycotherapy, 8(29), 237-262. [Persian] URL: https://doi.org/10.22054/qccpc.2017.19756.1462
Kermani, Z., Khoda Panahi, M., & Heydari, M. (2011). Psychometric features of the Snyder Hope Scale. Journal of Applied Psychology, 3(5), 7-23. [Persian] URL: https://www.sid.ir/paper/151686/en
Khodabandelow, S., Najafi, M., & Rahimian Boogar, I. (2018). The effectiveness of schema mode therapy on the self-esteem in narcissistic personality disorder: A single-subject research. Clinical Psychology Studies, 8(30), 65-101. [Persian] URL: https://doi.org/10.22054/jcps.2018.8579
Kreuter, E. A., & Moltner, K. M. (2015). Treatment and management of maladaptive schemas. New York: Springer international publishing. URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06817-6
Latifi, Z., Kiani, M., & Yousefi, Z. (2019). The structural equation modeling of the older people’s life expectancy based on the anxiety sensitivity, social support, and pain perception. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing, 14(2), 188-199. [Persian] URL: https://salmandj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1258-en.html
Mahzoon Khorasani, M., & Mousavi, M. (2020). The effects of schema therapy on the hope of life, quality of life, and psychological wellbeing in Housewives. Journal of Disability Studies, 10(1), 232-232. [Persian] URL: http://jdisabilstud.org/article-1-1624-en.html
Mohammadi, F., Taleb, N., Rezaei Shojaei, S., & Emami Roudi, T. (2019). The effectiveness of schema therapy on cognitive flexibility and resiliency in patients with generalized anxiety. Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 62(2), 34-42. [Persian] URL: https://mjms.mums.ac.ir/article_16176.html
Momeni, F. (2020). The effectiveness of resiliency training on life expectancy and psychological well-being of mothers with children with special learning disabilities. Journal of Psychology New Ideas, 4(8), 1-14. [Persian] URL: https://jnip.ir/browse.php?a_id=264&sid=1&slc_lang=en
RezaSoltani, P., Ghanbari Khanghah, A., & Moridi, M. (2014). Comparison of health-related quality of life in dormitory and non-dormitory students. Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery, 24(74), 38-45. URL: https://hnmj.gums.ac.ir/article-1-364-fa.html
Sadeghi, M., Sarani, H., Senobar, A., & Asgari, M. (2020). The impacts of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on self-controlling, self-Restraint and dysfunctional attitudes in persons with drug abuse. Rooyesh, 9(10), 67-78. [Persian] URL: https://frooyesh.ir/browse.php?a_id=1949&sid=1&slc_lang=en
Shafiei, M., Sadeghi, M., & Mohammadi, G. (2020). The effects training of Self-Compassion on dysfunctional attitudes and cognitive distortions in the divorcees poor. Clinical Psychology and Personality, 16(2), 65-74. [Persian] DOI: 10.22070/cpap.2020.2858
Snyder, C. R., & Lopez, S. J. (2007). Positive psychology: The scientific and practical explorations of human strengths. Thousand Oaks, California, USA: Sage Publications, Inc. URL: https://www.amazon.com/Positive-Psychology-Scientific-Practical-Explorations/dp/1452276439
Snyder, C. R., Harris, C., Anderson, J. R., Holleran, S. A., Irving, L. M., Sigmon, S. T., & et al. (1991). The will and the ways: Development and validation of an individual differences measure of hope. Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 570–585. URL: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.60.4.570
Thakral, P. P., Madore, K. P., Kalinowski, S. E., & Schacter, D. L. (2020). Modulation of hippocampal brain networks produces changes in episodic simulation and divergent thinking. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(23), 12729-12740. URL: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2003535117
Varmazyar, A., Makvandi, B., & Seraj Khorrami, N. (2021). Effectiveness of Schema Therapy in Social Anxiety, Rumination, and Psychological Well-Being among Depressed Patients Referred to Health Centers in Abadan, Iran. Razavi International Journal of Medicine, 9(1), 32-39. URL: https://journal.razavihospital.ir/article_118341.html
Weich, S., Pearce, H. L., Croft, P., Singh, S., Crome, I., Bashford, J., & Frisher, M. (2014). Effect of anxiolytic and hypnotic drug prescriptions on mortality hazards: retrospective cohort study. British Medical Journal, 1(1), 348. URL: https://www.bmj.com/content/348/bmj.g1996
Weissman, A. N., & Beck, A. T. (1978). Development and validation of the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale: A preliminary investigation. Toronto: Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association. URL: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED167619
Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S., & Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema therapy: A practitioner’s guide. New York: The Guilford Press. URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-003-0064-2
_||_