واکاوی نگرش و زمینه شکل‌گیری واژه فمینیسم در دانشجویان دختر
محورهای موضوعی : جامعه شناسی
افسانه توسلی
1
(دانشیار، گروه مطالعات زنان و خانواده، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و اقتصادی، دانشگاه الزهراء، تهران، ایران.)
زهرا میرحسینی
2
(استادیار، گروه مطالعات زنان و خانواده، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و اقتصادی، دانشگاه الزهراء، تهران، ایران.)
معصومه کمالی
3
(کارشناسی ارشد گروه مطالعات زنان و خانواده، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و اقتصادی، دانشگاه الزهراء، تهران، ایران.)
کلید واژه: دانشجویان دختر, فمینیسم, نگرش,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از پژوهش حاضر واکاوی نگرش و زمینه شکل‌گیری واژه فمینسیم در دانشجویان دختر بود. جامعه پژوهش کلیه دانشجویان دختر کشور می‌با‌شد. نمونه پژوهش 15 نفر بود که به صورت هدفمند انتخاب شدند. روش پژوهش، تحقیق کیفی و انجام مطالعات پدیدارشناسانه بود. داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه نیمه‌عمیق و نیمه‌ساختاریافته جمع‌آوری شد و سه مقوله اصلی و 10مقولۀ فرعی استخراج شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد: واژه فمینیسم دارای مفاهیم متعدد و رویکردهای متفاوت است. با توجه به زمینه‌های خانوادگی و اجتماعی هر فرد و کلیشه‌های جنسیتی هر جامعه می‌توان زمینه‌ها و بسترهای نگرشی و بازتعریف فرد از فمینیسم را توصیف کرد. وجود تصورات و ذهنیت متنوع نسبت به فمینیسم باعث توصیف متفاوت افراد شده است. فهم نگرش‌های گروه‌های مختلف در جامعه در خصوص تفکرات فمینیستی به مطالعه، کشف، توصیف و درک نگرش دانشجویان دختر به عنوان بخشی از جامعه، حائز اهمیت است. فهم نگرش دانشجویان می‌تواند محققین و دانشگاهیان را نسبت به تفکرات و معنای فمینیسم، از منظر دختران و میزان رواج آن در میان افراد جامعه آگاه سازد. هم‌چنین بازخوردهای متفاوتی نسبت به این واژه به دلیل بومی نبودن رویکرد فمینیستی وجود دارد. از نظر دانشجویان آموزه‌های غربی مبنای فمینیسم بوده و انتشار آن‌ها بدون بومی شدن موجب تسلط بر فرهنگ جامعه می‌شود. بنابراین با توجه به مفاهیم ومقولات به دست آمده لازم است رویکرد فمینیست بر مبنای آموزه های اسلامی و فرهنگ غنی ایرانی بازنگری شود و به عنوان رویکردی در جهت تحقق برابری میان زن ومرد بر اساس شان و جایگاه یگانه خودشان بازتعریف شود.
The purpose of the current research was to analyze the attitude and context of the feminism term formation among female students. The research population included all the female students in over the country. The research sample subsumed 15 subjects who were selected via purposive sampling procedure. The research method was qualitative research and phenomenological study. Data was collected through semi-in-depth and semi-structured interviews and three main categories and 10 sub-categories were extracted. The findings showed: the word feminism has many concepts and different approaches. And according to the family and social background of each person and the gender stereotypes of each society, it is possible to describe redefinition of feminism. The existence of various ideas and mentality towards feminism caused it to be described differently by individuals. The understanding of the attitudes of different groups in society regarding feminist thoughts is important to study, discover, describe and perception of the female students’ attitude. Understanding the attitude of students can inform researchers and academicians about the thoughts and the meaning of feminism, the female students’ point of view and its prevalence among people in society. Also, there were different feedbacks regarding this word due to the non-nativeness of the feminist approach. According to the students’ point of views, western teachings were the basis of feminism and their dissemination without localization would cause them to be dominated on the society's culture. Therefore, according to the obtained concepts and categories, it is necessary to revise the feminist approach based on Islamic teachings and rich Iranian culture and redefine it as an approach towards the realization of equality between men and women based on their dignity and their unique position.
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