بررسی مقادیر کادمیوم در شیر و ارتباط آن با میزان تولید شیر در گاوداری‌های منطقه تبریز
محورهای موضوعی :
آسیب شناسی درمانگاهی دامپزشکی
امیر پرویز رضائی صابر
1
(استادیار گروه علوم درمانگاهی دامپزشکی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.)
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/09/04
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/10/18
تاریخ انتشار : 1395/11/01
کلید واژه:
تبریز,
گاوشیری,
کادمیوم شیر,
اسپکتروفوتومتری جذب اتمی,
چکیده مقاله :
کادمیوم از جمله فلزاتی می‌باشد که به طور وسیع در محیط پراکنده است. منبع اصلی این فلز ترکیبات صنعتی و کودهای فسفاته می‌باشد. این فلز توسط گیاهان جذب شده و در بافت هایی مانند کبد و کلیه تجمع یافته و باعث بروز کم خونی، افزایش فشار خون، تخریب بافت بیضه و عوارض استخوانی می‌شود. با توجه به عوارض متعدد وجود کادمیوم، لازم است در مناطق مختلف مطالعه‌ای در ارتباط با میزان آلودگی شیر تولیدی گاوها به این فلز صورت گیرد تا در صورتی که میزان آن از حد مجاز بالاتر باشد، تدابیر لازم نسبت به کاهش آلودگی شیر به این فلز، اتخاذ گردد. برای انجام این مطالعه، به اخذ نمونه شیر از منطقه شمال، جنوب، شرق و غرب گاوداری‌های صنعتی و سنتی شهرستان تبریز به تعداد مجموعاً 400 نمونه پس از بررسی میزان تولید شیر، اقدام گردید. سپس نمونه‌ها در 21- درجه سلسیوس منجمد گشته و در پایان نمونه‌برداری به اندازه‌گیری مقادیر کادمیوم در نمونه شیر به روش اسپکتروفوتومتری جذب اتمی شعله، اقدام گردید. مقادیر میانگین کادمیوم به ترتیب در منطقه غرب ppm 0005/0±006/0، در منطقه جنوب ppm 0005/0±004/0، در منطقه شمال ppm0004/0± 0059/0 و در منطقه شرق تبریز ppm 0002/0± 0037/0 تعیین گردید. مقایسه آماری میانگین مقادیر کادمیوم شیر در مناطق چهارگانه بررسی شده، نشان‌دهندة وجود اختلاف معنی‌داری بود (05/0p<). همچنین در این مطالعه ارتباط آماری معنی‌داری مابین میانگین مقادیر کادمیوم و میزان تولید روزانه شیر مشاهده نگردید. با توجه به اینکه میزان مجاز کادمیوم در شیر خام طبق کدکس 2000 (کمیته بررسی افزودنی‌های مواد غذائی در ژنو) ppm01/0 می‌باشد، لذا نتیجه گیری می گردد که مقادیر کادمیوم شیر در چهار منطقه مورد بررسی پایین‌تر از حد مجاز می‌باشد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Cadmium is a metal widely dispersed in the environment. The main sources of this metal are industrial compounds and phosphate fertilizers. This metal is absorbed by plants and accumulates and accumulates in tissues like liver and kidney and causes anemia, hypertension, destruction of testicular tissue and bone complications. Considering the numerous side effects of cadmium, it is necessary to determine the amount of cadmium in milk in different areas in order to reduce milk contamination. In this study, a total of 400 milk samples were obtained from industrial and traditional farms from northern, southern, eastern and western areas of the city of Tabriz. All samples were frozen at -21°C and the concentration of cadmium in milk was measured by atomic flame spectrophotometry. The average values of cadmium in western, southern, northern and eastern areas of Tabriz were respectively 0/006 ± 0/0005 ppm, 0/0005 ± 0/004 ppm, 0/0004± 0/0059 ppm and 0/0002 ± 0/0037 ppm. Statistical comparison of cadmium concentrations in different areas indicated a significant difference (p<0/05). Also, a statistically significant relationship between the mean values of cadmium and daily milk production wasn't observed. Since the permitted levels of cadmium in raw milk according to Codex 2000 (Review Committee on Food Additives Geneva) is 0.01 ppm, therefore it is concluded that cadmium levels in the four regions studied is lower than the limit. Conflict of interest: None declared.
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