بررسی تغییرات هموگرام، شکنندگی اسمزی و آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان گلبول‌های قرمز در سگ‌های تحت درمان با سیر
محورهای موضوعی :
آسیب شناسی درمانگاهی دامپزشکی
بهمن مصلی نژاد
1
(استاد گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.)
میثاق جلالی
2
(استادیار گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.)
محمد راضی جلالی
3
(استاد گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.)
شهرزاد عالی پور
4
(دانش‌آموخته دکترای حرفه‌ای دامپزشکی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.)
تاریخ دریافت : 1397/06/15
تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/03/01
تاریخ انتشار : 1399/02/01
کلید واژه:
آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان,
سگ,
سیر,
هموگرام,
شکنندگی اسمزی,
چکیده مقاله :
سیر به عنوان یک گیاه دارویی با خواص آنتی اکسیدانی، ضد هیپرلیپیدمی و ضد دیابتی، به طور گسترده ای در درمان بیماری ها، مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد. هدف از انجام مطالعه حاضر، بررسی عوارض احتمالی هماتولوژیک و نیز فعالیت برخی آنزیم های آنتی‌اکسیدان گلبول های قرمز متعاقب تجویز سیر در سگ بود. در این مطالعه 10 قلاده سگ نر، تحت درمان با قرص سیر با دوز mg/kg 100، روزانه یک بار و برای مدت 45 روز قرار گرفتند. خون‌گیری از سگ ها در سه نوبت طی روز های صفر، 45 و 60 مطالعه صورت گرفت. شمارش سلول‌های خونی، بررسی مورفولوژی گلبول های قرمز، شمارش رتیکولوسیت های خون، اجسام هینز و نیز آزمایش شکنندگی اسمزی گلبول های قرمز انجام گرفت. همچنین فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدان گلبول های قرمز شامل سوپراکسید دیسموتاز (superoxide dismutase; SOD) و گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز (glutathione peroxidase; GPX) سنجیده شد. تجویز سیر در سگ ها، منجر به کاهش معنی دار در تعداد گلبول های قرمز، هماتوکریت و میزان هموگلوبین در روز 60 نسبت به روز صفر مطالعه گردید (05/0p <). همچنین میانگین هموگلوبین گلبولی (mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCH) در روزهای 45و60 و میانگین غلظت هموگلوبین گلبولی (mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration; MCHC) در روز60، به طور معنی داری کاهش یافته بود (05/0p <). در بررسی شکنندگی اسمزی گلبول های قرمز، درصد همولیز در غلظت های نمک 55/0، 50/0، 45/0 و 40/0 درصد، به طور معنی داری کاهش یافته بود (05/0p <). همچنین افزایش معنی داری در میزان فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدان در گلبول های قرمز، در روز 60 مشاهده گردید (05/0p <). مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که تجویز قرص سیر با دوز استفاده شده در مطالعه حاضر ، اثرات تخریبی بر گلبول‌های قرمز ایجاد نکرده و منجر به بهبود سیستم دفاع آنتی اکسیدانی و مقاومت اسمزی این سلول ها شده است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Garlic is a medicinal herbwith antioxidant, anti-hyperlipidemic and antidiabetic properties which is extensively used in the treatment of diseases. The purpose of the present study was to assess probable hematologic alterations and the activity of some erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes following garlic administration in dogs. In this study, ten male dogs were treated with garlic tablet with a dosage of 100 mg/kg, once daily for 45 days. Blood samples were collected three times on days zero, 45 and 60 of the experiment. Complete blood count (CBC), erythrocyte morphology, reticulocyte count, Heinz body and erythrocyte osmotic fragility test were performed. The activity of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes including SOD (superoxide dismutase) and GPX (glutathione peroxidase) were also assessed. Garlic administration in dogs caused a significant reduction in erythrocyte count, hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration on day 60 compared to day zero (p < /em><0.05). In addition, a significant decrease was observed in mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) on days 45 and 60 and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) on day 60 (p < /em><0.05). Osmotic fragility assessment of RBC’s indicated that the percentage of hemolysis was significantly decreased in 0.55%, 0.50%, 0.45% and 0.40% salt concentrations (p < /em><0.05). Moreover, a significant increase was observed in the activity of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes, SOD and GPX on day 60 (p < /em><0.05). The present study showed that garlic tablet administration with the dosages used in the present study, did not induce considerable destructive effects on erythrocytes while improving antioxidant defense system and osmotic tolerance of red blood cells.
منابع و مأخذ:
Ahmadizad, S., Ailipor Parsa, S., Zekry, R., Nikookheslat, S. and Ebrahimi, H. (2015). Effects of different dosages of garlic on responses of the main determinants of hemorheology to acute endurance exercise. Exercise Physiology, 7(28): 103-117.
Agarval, A., Gupta, S. and Sharma, R.K. (2005). Role of oxidative stress in female reproduction. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 3(28): 1-21.
Banerjee, S.K., Mukherjee, P.K. and Maulik, S.K. (2003). Garlic as an Antioxidant: The Good, The Bad and The Ugly. Phytotherapy Research, 17(2): 97-106.
Botha, C.J. and Penrith, M.L. (2009). Potential plant poisonings in dogs and cats in Southern Africa. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association, 80(2): 63-74.
Chen, C.H., Su, S.J., Chang, K.L., Huang, M.W. and Kuo, S.Y. (2009). The garlic ingredient diallyl sulfide induces Ca(2+) mobilization in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47(9): 2344-2350.
Christian, J.A. (2010). Erythrokinetics and erythrocyte destruction. In: Schalm's Veterinary Hematology. Weiss, D.J. and Wardrop, K.J. editors. 6th ed., Iowa, Wiley-Blachwell Science, pp: 136-143.
Colin-Gonzalez, A.L., Santana, R.A., Silva-Islas, C.A., Chanez-Cardenas, M.E., Santamaria, A. and Maldonado, P.D. (2012). The antioxidant mechanisms underlying the aged garlic extract-and S-allylcysteine-induced protection. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2012: Article ID 907162.
Durak, I., Aytaç, B., Atmaca, Y., Devrim, E., Avc, A., Erol, Ç., et al. (2004). Effects of garlic extract consumption on plasma and erythrocyte antioxidant parameters in atherosclerotic patients. Life Sciences, 75(16): 1959-1966.
Giger, U. (2010). Hereditary erythrocyte enzyme abnormalities. In: Schalm's Veterinary Hematology. Weiss, D.J. and Wardrop, K.J. editors. 6th ed., Iowa, Wiley-Blachwell Science, pp: 179-186.
Jalali, S.M., Bahrami, S., Rasooli, A. and Hasanvand, S. (2016). Evaluation of oxidant/antioxidant status, trace mineral levels, and erythrocyte osmotic fragility in goats naturally infected with Anaplasma ovis. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 48(6): 1175-1181.
Kang, M.H. and Park, H.M. (2010). Hypertension after ingestion of baked garlic (Allium sativum) in a dog. The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 72(4): 515-518.
Kovalkovicova, N., Sutiakova, I., Pist, J. and Sutiak, V. (2009). Some food toxic for pets. Interdisciplinary Toxicology, 2(3): 169-176.
Lee, K.W., Yamato, O., Tajima, M., Kuraoka, M., Omae, S. and Maede, Y. (2000). Hematologic changes associated with the appearance of eccentrocytes after intragastric administration of garlic extract to dogs. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 61(11): 1446-1450.
Mosallanejad, B., Avizeh, R. Najafzadeh Varzi, H. and Pourmahdi, M. (2013). A comparison between metformin and garlic on alloxan-induced diabetic dogs. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 22(2): 169-174.
Mosallanejad, B., Avizeh, R., Razi Jalali, M. and Jahanmardi, A. (2016). Comparative evaluation of Garlic and Atorvastatin effects on lipid profile changes in dog. Iranian Veterinary Journal, 12(2): 94-102.
Paglia, D.E. and Valentine, W.N. (1967). Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 70(1): 158-169.
Pedraza-Chaverrí, J., Maldonado, P.D., Medina-Campos, O.N., Olivares-Corichi, I.M., Granados-Silvestre, M.A. and Hernandez-Pando, R. (2000). Garlic ameliorates gentamicin nephrotoxicity: relation to antioxidant enzymes. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 29(7): 602-611.
Rai, S.K., Sharma, M. and Tiwari, M. (2009). Inhibitory effect of novel diallyldisulfide analogs on HMG-CoA reductase expression in hypercholesterolemic rats: CREB as a potential upstream target. Life sciences, 85(5-6): 211-219.
Salami, H.A., Gadaka, M.A., John, A.I., Babagana, F. and Odirachukwu, R. (2014). The effect of aqueous extract of Allium sativum (garlic) on erythrocyte osmotic fragility in normal and sickle cell. American Journal of Life Sciences, 2(5): 278-281.
Salami, H.A., John, A.I. and Ekanem, A.U. (2012). The effect of aqueous preparation of Allium Cepa (onion) and Allium Sativa (garlic) on erythrocyte osmotic fragility in wistar rats: in vivo and in vitro studies. Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences, 27(1): 29-34.
Shashikanth, K.N., Basappa, S.C. and Murthy, V.S. (1986). Effect of feeding raw and boiled garlic (Allium sativum L.) extracts on the growth, caecal microflora, and serum proteins of albino rats. Nutrition Reports International, 33: 313-319.
Silagy, C.S. and Neil, H.A.W. (1994). Garlic as lipid lowering agent-a meta-analysis. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London, 28(1): 39-45.
Tang, X., Xia, Z. and Yu, J. (2008). An experimental study of hemolysis induced by onion (Allium cepa) poisoning in dogs. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 31(2): 143-149.
Woolliams, J.A., Wiener, G., Anderson, P.H. and McMurray, C.H. (1983). Variation in the activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase and in the concentration of copper in the blood in various breed crosses of sheep. Research in Veterinary Science, 34(3): 253-256.
Yamato, O., Kasai, E., Katsura, T., Takahashi, S., Shiota, T., Tajima, M., et al. (2005). Heinz body hemolytic anemia with eccentrocytosis from ingestion of Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum) and garlic (Allium sativum) in a dog. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association, 41(1): 68-73.
Yang, Q., Hu, Q., Yamatoc, O., Lee, K.W. and Yoshihara, T. (2003). Organosulfur compounds from garlic (Allium sativum) oxidizing canine erythrocytes. Journal of Nutrition Research, 58(5-6): 408-412.
Zakarova, A., Seo, J.Y., Kim, H.Y., Kim, J.H., Shin, J.H., Cho, K.M., et al. (2014). Garlic sprouting is associated with increased antioxidant activity and concomitant changes in the metabolite profile. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 62(8): 1875-1880.
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Ahmadizad, S., Ailipor Parsa, S., Zekry, R., Nikookheslat, S. and Ebrahimi, H. (2015). Effects of different dosages of garlic on responses of the main determinants of hemorheology to acute endurance exercise. Exercise Physiology, 7(28): 103-117.
Agarval, A., Gupta, S. and Sharma, R.K. (2005). Role of oxidative stress in female reproduction. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 3(28): 1-21.
Banerjee, S.K., Mukherjee, P.K. and Maulik, S.K. (2003). Garlic as an Antioxidant: The Good, The Bad and The Ugly. Phytotherapy Research, 17(2): 97-106.
Botha, C.J. and Penrith, M.L. (2009). Potential plant poisonings in dogs and cats in Southern Africa. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association, 80(2): 63-74.
Chen, C.H., Su, S.J., Chang, K.L., Huang, M.W. and Kuo, S.Y. (2009). The garlic ingredient diallyl sulfide induces Ca(2+) mobilization in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47(9): 2344-2350.
Christian, J.A. (2010). Erythrokinetics and erythrocyte destruction. In: Schalm's Veterinary Hematology. Weiss, D.J. and Wardrop, K.J. editors. 6th ed., Iowa, Wiley-Blachwell Science, pp: 136-143.
Colin-Gonzalez, A.L., Santana, R.A., Silva-Islas, C.A., Chanez-Cardenas, M.E., Santamaria, A. and Maldonado, P.D. (2012). The antioxidant mechanisms underlying the aged garlic extract-and S-allylcysteine-induced protection. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2012: Article ID 907162.
Durak, I., Aytaç, B., Atmaca, Y., Devrim, E., Avc, A., Erol, Ç., et al. (2004). Effects of garlic extract consumption on plasma and erythrocyte antioxidant parameters in atherosclerotic patients. Life Sciences, 75(16): 1959-1966.
Giger, U. (2010). Hereditary erythrocyte enzyme abnormalities. In: Schalm's Veterinary Hematology. Weiss, D.J. and Wardrop, K.J. editors. 6th ed., Iowa, Wiley-Blachwell Science, pp: 179-186.
Jalali, S.M., Bahrami, S., Rasooli, A. and Hasanvand, S. (2016). Evaluation of oxidant/antioxidant status, trace mineral levels, and erythrocyte osmotic fragility in goats naturally infected with Anaplasma ovis. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 48(6): 1175-1181.
Kang, M.H. and Park, H.M. (2010). Hypertension after ingestion of baked garlic (Allium sativum) in a dog. The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 72(4): 515-518.
Kovalkovicova, N., Sutiakova, I., Pist, J. and Sutiak, V. (2009). Some food toxic for pets. Interdisciplinary Toxicology, 2(3): 169-176.
Lee, K.W., Yamato, O., Tajima, M., Kuraoka, M., Omae, S. and Maede, Y. (2000). Hematologic changes associated with the appearance of eccentrocytes after intragastric administration of garlic extract to dogs. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 61(11): 1446-1450.
Mosallanejad, B., Avizeh, R. Najafzadeh Varzi, H. and Pourmahdi, M. (2013). A comparison between metformin and garlic on alloxan-induced diabetic dogs. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 22(2): 169-174.
Mosallanejad, B., Avizeh, R., Razi Jalali, M. and Jahanmardi, A. (2016). Comparative evaluation of Garlic and Atorvastatin effects on lipid profile changes in dog. Iranian Veterinary Journal, 12(2): 94-102.
Paglia, D.E. and Valentine, W.N. (1967). Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 70(1): 158-169.
Pedraza-Chaverrí, J., Maldonado, P.D., Medina-Campos, O.N., Olivares-Corichi, I.M., Granados-Silvestre, M.A. and Hernandez-Pando, R. (2000). Garlic ameliorates gentamicin nephrotoxicity: relation to antioxidant enzymes. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 29(7): 602-611.
Rai, S.K., Sharma, M. and Tiwari, M. (2009). Inhibitory effect of novel diallyldisulfide analogs on HMG-CoA reductase expression in hypercholesterolemic rats: CREB as a potential upstream target. Life sciences, 85(5-6): 211-219.
Salami, H.A., Gadaka, M.A., John, A.I., Babagana, F. and Odirachukwu, R. (2014). The effect of aqueous extract of Allium sativum (garlic) on erythrocyte osmotic fragility in normal and sickle cell. American Journal of Life Sciences, 2(5): 278-281.
Salami, H.A., John, A.I. and Ekanem, A.U. (2012). The effect of aqueous preparation of Allium Cepa (onion) and Allium Sativa (garlic) on erythrocyte osmotic fragility in wistar rats: in vivo and in vitro studies. Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences, 27(1): 29-34.
Shashikanth, K.N., Basappa, S.C. and Murthy, V.S. (1986). Effect of feeding raw and boiled garlic (Allium sativum L.) extracts on the growth, caecal microflora, and serum proteins of albino rats. Nutrition Reports International, 33: 313-319.
Silagy, C.S. and Neil, H.A.W. (1994). Garlic as lipid lowering agent-a meta-analysis. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London, 28(1): 39-45.
Tang, X., Xia, Z. and Yu, J. (2008). An experimental study of hemolysis induced by onion (Allium cepa) poisoning in dogs. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 31(2): 143-149.
Woolliams, J.A., Wiener, G., Anderson, P.H. and McMurray, C.H. (1983). Variation in the activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase and in the concentration of copper in the blood in various breed crosses of sheep. Research in Veterinary Science, 34(3): 253-256.
Yamato, O., Kasai, E., Katsura, T., Takahashi, S., Shiota, T., Tajima, M., et al. (2005). Heinz body hemolytic anemia with eccentrocytosis from ingestion of Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum) and garlic (Allium sativum) in a dog. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association, 41(1): 68-73.
Yang, Q., Hu, Q., Yamatoc, O., Lee, K.W. and Yoshihara, T. (2003). Organosulfur compounds from garlic (Allium sativum) oxidizing canine erythrocytes. Journal of Nutrition Research, 58(5-6): 408-412.
Zakarova, A., Seo, J.Y., Kim, H.Y., Kim, J.H., Shin, J.H., Cho, K.M., et al. (2014). Garlic sprouting is associated with increased antioxidant activity and concomitant changes in the metabolite profile. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 62(8): 1875-1880.
