سنجش اصول سازنده ی شهر شاد در فضاهای شهری و ارائه راهکارهای ارتقای آن (نمونه موردی: فضاهای شهری بوشهر)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

احسان حیدرزاده ¹ (استادیار مهندسی شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران.)
محمدرضا رفیعی ² (دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد برنامه ریزی شهری، گروه مهندسی شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/11/09 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/06/07 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/02/01

کلید واژه: شادی, فضای شاد شهری, سنجش شادی, علل شادی در فضای شهری,

چکیده مقاله :

فقدان شادی در جامعه نتایج منفی بسیاری همانند افسردگی، بی علاقگی به کار، ناهنجاری‌های اجتماعی و رواج خشونت در روابط اجتماعی را به دنبال دارد. در این میان، فضاهای شهری به عنوان یکی از اصلی‌ترین بسترهای زندگی مردم، در صورت طراحی مناسب می‌توانند نقش بسزایی در ایجاد احساس شادی و آرامش در شهروندان ایفا نمایند. لذا پژوهش حاضر با هدف سنجش و تبیین عوامل موثر بر شادی و ارتقای آن در فضاهای شهری بوشهر انجام پذیرفته است. روش تحقیق توصیفی- تحلیلی و مبتنی بر مطالعات اسنادی و پیمایش میدانی است. جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از طریق پرسشنامه با حجم نمونه 102 عدد و تحلیل داده‌ها با مدل تحلیل عاملی و رگرسیونی در محیط نرم افزار spss انجام گرفته است. یافته‌های تحلیل عاملی حاکی از آن است‌که هفت عامل تعاملات اجتماعی، فعالیت‌های فرهنگی- تفریحی، سرزندگی، شخصی سازی فضا و مشارکت، بهداشت و ایمنی، امنیت، تنوع و جذابیت در شکل‌گیری فضای شاد شهری موثرند. همچنین امتیاز مجموع شادی در این عوامل، در پارک ریشهر بیشترین و در پیاده‌راه ساحلی کم‌ترین می‌باشد. در ادامه با انجام تحلیل رگرسیونی، به رتبه‌بندی علی عوامل سازنده‌ی شادی فضا پرداخته شد که مطابق با محاسبات، عامل سرزندگی با دارا بودن ضریب بتای 525/0 بیشترین تأثیر را در امتیاز مجموع شادی فضاهای شهری ایفا می‌کند. اولویت‌های مداخله در پیاده راه لیان غربی شامل ارتقای میزان احساس تعلق خاطر و حس مکان است و در پیاده راه ساحلی و پارک ریشهر ارتقای میزان استفاده از عناصر طبیعی (آب، نور، گیاه و...) در اولویت قرار دارد. بر همین اساس، در انتهای مقاله، راهکارهایی برای بسترسازی ارتقای شادی در فضاهای مورد مطالعه ارائه گردیده است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Lack of happiness in society has many negative consequences such as depression, social disorders and the prevalence of violence in social relationships. urban spaces play a significant role in creating a sense of happiness in citizens. The present study was conducted with the aim of measuring and explaining the factors affecting happiness and its promotion in urban spaces of Bushehr. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on field survey. Data collection was done through a questionnaire with a sample size of 102 and data analysis was done with factor analysis and regression model in SPSS software. Findings of factor analysis indicate that seven factors of social interactions, cultural-recreational activities, vitality, personalization of space and participation, health and safety, security, diversity and attractiveness are effective in shaping a happy urban atmosphere. Also, the total score of happiness in these factors is the highest in Rishahr Park and the lowest on the coastal pedestrian street. Then, by performing regression analysis, the causal factors of space happiness were ranked, which according to the calculations, the vitality factor with a beta coefficient of 0/525 has the greatest effect on total happiness score of urban spaces. Priorities of intervention in the western Lian pedestrian street include improving the sense of belonging and sense of place, and in the coastal pedestrian street and Rishahr Park, promoting the use of natural elements (water, light, plants, etc.) is a priority. Accordingly, at the end of the article, solutions to promote happiness in the studied spaces are presented.

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