تحلیل اهمیت – عملکرد شاخص‌های حکمروایی خوب در شهر میراث جهانی یزد

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

محبوبه نوری ¹ , محمدرضا رضایی ² , منصوره یاراحمدی ³

1 - دانشجو دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، ، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران
3 - کارشناس ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه مازندران، مازندران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/10/04 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/01/23 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/09/01

کلید واژه: حکمروایی خوب, شهرهای گردشگرپذیر, اهمیت - عملکرد ( IPA), شهر میراث جهانی یزد,

چکیده مقاله :

چکیده در هر جامعه­ای هنگام جست و جو برای راه حل توسعه پایدار، همواره حکمروایی خوب به عنوان یک ابزار حیاتی برای پیشبرد توسعه پایدار مطرح می­گردد و به صورت یک عنصر حیاتی در استراتژی­های توسعه پایدار گنجانیده شده است. در همین راستا و به منظور ایجاد بستر مناسب توسعه گردشگری به ویژه در شهرهای مقصد گردشگری، حکمروایی خوب شهری و نزدیک شدن به شاخص­های آن ضرورتی اساسی است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش نیز بررسی میزان اهمیت و عملکرد هر یک از شاخص­های حکمروایی خوب در شهر میراث جهانی یزد است. تا از این طریق از یک سو به مهم­ترین و کم اهمیت­ترین شاخص­ها پی برد و از سوی دیگر میزان عملکرد هر یک از شاخص­ها تعیین شود تا کمبودها مورد توجه قرار گیرد و برنامه­ریزی­هایی جهت ارتقاء شرایط انجام شود. پژوهش حاضر، از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر روش در زمره پژوهش­های توصیفی -  پیمایشی است. به منظور گردآوری داده­ها از روش کتابخانه­ای و روش­های میدانی شامل مصاحبه و پرسشنامه استفاده شده است. جامعه آماری کارشناسانی است که تحصیلات دانشگاهی دکتری در رشته­های مرتبط با امور شهری دارند. جهت نمونه­گیری از بین کارشناسان از روش نمونه­گیری قضاوتی که یکی از شیوه­های نمونه­گیری هدفمند است استفاده شده است. برای تحلیل داده­ها نیز از روش IPA[1] بهره گرفته شده است. یافته­های پژوهش نشان می­دهد از بعد اهمیت، مشارکت با میانگین  00/7، پاسخگویی و عدالت با میانگین 60/6 با اهمیت­ترین و شاخص­های اجماع­سازی با میانگین 80/3، شفافیت و تمرکززدایی با میانگین 00/4 کم اهمیت­ترین شاخص­ها شناخته شده­است. از طرفی از نظر میزان عملکرد شاخص اثربخشی و کارایی با میانگین 60/6 بیشترین عملکرد و مشارکت با میانگین 80/3، پاسخگویی، مسئولیت­پذیری و امنیت با میانگین 20/4 کمترین عملکرد را به خود اختصاص داده است از طرفی با توجه به نتایج آزمون t همبسته و با عنایت به اینکه مقدار Sig (سطح معناداری) در همه شاخص­ها برابر با صفر و کمتر از 05/0 است لذا تفاوت میانگین­ها در همه شاخص­ها از سطح معناداری برخوردارند و از سویی نتیجه رابطه (P-I) نیز در اکثر شاخص­ها منفی شده است که این نشان دهنده فاصله همه شاخص­ها از وضعیت ایده­ال است. 

چکیده انگلیسی:

In any society, when searching for a sustainable development solution, appropriate governance has always been a vital tool for promoting sustainable development and has been incorporated as a vital element in sustainable development strategies. In this regard, and in order to create a suitable platform for the development of tourism, especially in tourist destination cities, appropriate urban governance and reaching its characteristics is essential. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the importance and performance of each of the indicators of appropriate governance in the city of Yazd, the World Heritage city. In this way, on the one hand, the most significant and insignificant indicators are determined, and on the other hand, the performance of each of the indicators is determined so that the deficiencies are taken into account and plans are made to improve the conditions. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of method is among the descriptive-survey studies. Library and field methods, including interviews and questionnaires, have been used to collect data. The statistical population is experts who have a PhD degree in urban affairs. For sampling among experts, the method of judgment sampling, which is one of the methods of purposive sampling, has been used. IPA method has been used to analyze the data. The research findings show that in terms of importance, participation with an average of 7.00, accountability and justice with an average of 6.60 are the most important, and consensus indicators with an average of 3.80, transparency and decentralization with an average of  4.00 are known as least important indicators. On the other hand, in terms of performance, the efficiency and effectiveness indicator with an average of 6.60 has the highest performance and participation with an average of 3.80, accountability, responsibility and security with an average of 4.20 has the lowest performance. On the other hand, according to the results of t-correlation test and considering that the value of Sig (significant level) in all indicators is zero and less than 0.05, so the difference in averages in all indicators is significant and on the other hand, the result of the relationship between (P-I) is negative in most indicators, which shows the distance of all indicators from the ideal situation.

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