ارزیابی کیفیت زندگی شهری در شهر اردبیل با استفاده از تلفیق داده های سنجش از دور و تحلیل های مکانی

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

محمد کاظمی قراجه ¹ , خلیل ولیزاده کامران ²

1 - کارشناسی ارشد سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
2 - دانشیار و مدیر گروه سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/08/05 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/01/12 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/09/01

کلید واژه: سنجش از دور, سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی, مدل تاپسیس, کیفیت زندگی شهری, مدل تحلیل شبکه ای,

چکیده مقاله :

کیفیت زندگی شهری به عنوان یکی از مهم ترین حوزه های مطالعات شهری در کشورهای مختلف جهان محسوب می شود. این مهم به دلیل افزایش روز افزون کارآمدی مطالعات کیفیت زندگی در پایش سیاست های برنامه ریزی شهری و ایفای نقش آن به عنوان ابزاری حیاتی در مدیریت و برنامه ریزی شهری است. از این رو هدف پژوهش حاضر ارزیابی کیفیت زندگی شهری در شهر اردبیل با استفاده از تلفیق داده های سنجش از دور و اطلاعات مکانی است. جهت دستیابی به شاخص نهایی کیفیت زندگی در شهر اردبیل، زیرمعیارهای مربوط به چهار معیار اصلی مخاطرات محیطی، اجتماعی، دسترسی و فیزیکی به صورت جداگانه براساس مرورو پیشینه تحقیق انتخاب شدند. فرآیند تحلیل شبکه‌ای (ANP) به منظور اختصاص اوزانی به این زیر معیارها و معیارها مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. سپس از نرم افزار Arc map جهت تولید نقشه کیفیت زندگی در هر یک از قلمروها به صورت جداگانه و دستیابی به شاخص نهایی کیفیت زندگی در شهر اردبیل استفاده شد. همچنین به منظور رتبه بندی مناطق مختلف شهر از نظر کیفیت زندگی مدل تاپسیس مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. توزیع مکانی شاخص کیفیت زندگی در شهر اردبیل بیانگر آن است که کیفیت زندگی در حد نسبتا متوسطی قرار دارد به طوری که، منطقه 1 و بخش هایی از مناطق 2 و 4 از نظر کیفیت زندگی نسبت به سایر بخش های شهر دارای امتیاز بالایی می باشند و منطقه 3 دارای امتیاز پایینی از این نظر است. همچنین یافته های پژوهش نشانگر آن است که از بین قلمروهای موثر در کیفیت زندگی شهری معیارهای اجتماعی، مخاطرات محیطی، دسترسی به خدمات عمومی و فیزیکی به ترتیب با اوزان 28/0، 27/0، 25/0 و 20/0 به عنوان مهم ترین عامل در تحلیل کیفیت زندگی شهری محسوب می شوند. نتایج پژوهش همچنین نشان دهنده قابلیت بالای تکنولوژی سنجش از دور در تلفیق با داده های مکانی به منظور ارزیابی کیفیت زندگی در مناطق شهری می باشد که می تواند یاری گر برنامه ریزان و مدیران شهری به منظور اداره هر چه بهتر شهر باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the quality of urban life in Ardabil city using a combination of remote sensing data and spatial information. To achieve the final index of quality of life in Ardabil, sub-criteria related to four main criteria of environmental hazards, social, access and physical were selected separately based on the research background. The ANP process was used to assign weight to these sub-criteria and criteria. Then Arc map software was used to produce quality of life map in each territory separately and to achieve the final quality of life index in Ardabil city. The TOPSIS model was also used to rank different areas of the city in terms of quality of life. Spatial distribution of quality of life index in Ardabil city indicates that quality of life is moderate so that region 1 and parts of regions 2 and 4 have a higher quality of life compared to other parts of the city. Zone 3 has a low rating in this regard. The findings also indicate that among the effective domains of urban quality of life, social criteria, environmental hazards, access to public and physical services are respectively as significant as 0.28, 0.27, 0.25 and 0.20, are the most important factor in analyzing urban quality of life. The results also demonstrate the high capability of remote sensing technology combined with spatial data to assess quality of life in urban areas, which can assist urban planners and managers to better manage the city.

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