حکمروایی شهری راهبردی مؤثر در جهت توسعه کارآفرینی شهری مورد مطالعه شهر همدان

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

سمیرا سمواتی ¹ , سید حسین بحرینی ² , غلامحسین حسینی نیا ³

1 - گروه شهرسازی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران
2 - استاد گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده شهرسازی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
3 - دانشیار گروه کسب و کار جدید، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/06/25 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/12/25 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/05/01

کلید واژه: مشارکت, همدان, حکمروایی خوب شهری, کارآفرینی شهری, قانونمندی,

چکیده مقاله :

در جهان حاضر، شهرها به مکان اصلی فعالیت و رشد اقتصادی تبدیل شده‌اند و ثروتمندترین شهرها آن‌های هستند که زایش دائمی فرایند کارآفرینی را در خود پرورش داده‌اند. این در حالی‌ست که مدیریت شهری ظرفیت‌های لازم را در فراهم کردن منابع، ایجاد انگیزه در شهروندان و بسترسازی برای کارآفرینی شهری دارد. هدف این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر شاخص‌های حکمروایی خوب شهری در جهت توسعه کارآفرینی شهری همدان است و همچنین به بررسی میزان همبستگی بین شاخص‌های حکمروایی مطلوب شهری با کارآفرینی شهری در شهر همدان پرداخته است. این تحقیق از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر روش در ردة پژوهش‌های توصیفی قرار می‌گیرد. به منظور گردآوری داده‌ها، از دو شیوه تحلیل اسنادی و پیمایش بهره گرفته شده است. ابزار پژوهش، پرسشنامه می‌باشد. جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌های گردآوری‌شده از آزمون همبستگی اسپیرمن و روش معادلات ساختاری تحت نرم‌افزار smart PLS استفاده شده است. بر اساس نتایج آزمون همبستگی اسپیرمن، بین شاخص‌های حکمروایی خوب شهری با کارآفرینی شهری با سطح اطمینان 95% ارتباط معناداری وجود دارد. براساس مقادیر ضرایب همبستگی، کارآفرینی شهری بیشترین ارتباط را با شاخص کارآیی و اثربخشی وکمترین ارتباط را شاخص دیدگاه راهبردی دارد. نتایج معادلات ساختاری نیز نشان داد که میزان تأثیرات شاخص‌های حکمروایی شهری بر کارآفرینی شهری همدان برابر 78% است، بنابراین شاخص‌های حکمروایی بر کارآفرینی شهری همدان تأثیر مثبت و معناداری دارند. از بین شاخص‌های حکمروایی خوب شهری، شاخص‌های تمرکززدایی، کارآیی و اثربخشی، قانونمندی و مشارکت با ضریب بتای 81/0 ،80/0، 78/0 و 77/0 به ترتیب بیشترین تأثیر را بر کارآفرینی شهری همدان دارند. بنابراین، حرکت مدیریت ‌شهری همدان به سمت حکمروایی خوب شهری با رویکرد کارآفرینی، می‌تواند به توسعه کارآفرینی، اشتغال و کاهش بیکاری و در نهایت رشد اقتصاد شهری منجر شود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In the present world, cities have become the main place of economic activity and growth, and the richest cities are those which have developed the permanent birth of the entrepreneurial process. However, urban management has the necessary capacity to provide resources, motivate citizens and lay the groundwork for urban entrepreneurship.The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of good urban governance indicators for the development of urban entrepreneurship in Hamedan and also to investigate the correlation between the indicators of good urban governance and urban entrepreneurship in Hamedan.This research is in the category of descriptive researches in terms of applied purpose and method.In order to collect data, two methods of document analysis and survey have been used. The research tool is a questionnaire.Spearman correlation test and structural equation method under smart PLS software were used to analyze the collected data.According to the results of Spearman correlation test, there is a significant relationship between the indicators of good urban governance and urban entrepreneurship with a 95% confidence level. Based on the values of correlation coefficients, urban entrepreneurship has the most relationship with the index of efficiency and effectiveness and the least relationship with the index of strategic perspective.he results of structural equations also showed that the effect of urban governance indicators on urban entrepreneurship in Hamedan is equal to 78%, so governance indicators have a positive and significant effect on urban entrepreneurship in Hamedan.Among the indicators of good urban governance, decentralization, efficiency and effectiveness, rule of law and participation with beta coefficients of 0.81, 0.80, 0.78 and 0.77 have the most impact on urban entrepreneurship in Hamedan, respectively. Therefore, the move of Hamedan urban management towards good urban governance with an entrepreneurial approach can lead to the development of entrepreneurship, employment and reducing unemployment, and ultimately the growth of the urban economy.

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