تبیین نقش ساختار فضایی شهر در نظام سلامت شهری در شهر یزد
اسماعیل علی اکبری
1
(
استاد، عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه پیام نور
)
مصطفی طالشی
2
(
استاد گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
)
رضیه السادات پورموسوی
3
(
دانشجوي دكتري
)
کلید واژه: نظام سلامت شهری, پراکندهرویی شهری, ساختار فضایی شهر, توسعه میانافزا, نظام مدیریت سلامت,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف: ازجمله پیامدهای تحولات سریع شهرنشینی و زندگی مدرن شهری، تهدید و افول سطح سلامت شهروندان است. ساختار فضایی شهر میتواند رفتار انسان را کنترل و بر فعالیتها و واکنشهایی او تأثیر بگذارد. از طرف دیگر شهرهای موجود بخاطر قدمت تاریخی و طول مدت حیات در برخی از بخش ها رو به فرسودگی میروند. بنابراین، اهمیت شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر این انحطاط جهت پیشگیری و اقدام مناسب با این تحولات بسیار ضروری است.
روش: روش تحقیق به دو صورت توصیفی و تحلیلی انجام گرفته است که در بخش توصیفی با استفاده از مطالعات کتابخانهای اطلاعات مورد نیاز پژوهش جمعآوری شده است. در بخش تحلیلی با استفاده از تکنیک مدلسازی ساختاری تفسیری شاخصهای تأثیرگذار محیط فیزیکی شهرها بر سلامت شهری شناسایی، سپس با استفاده از روش ANP به وزندهی این شاخصها اقدم شده است. نتایج حاصله براساس مدل ویکور طبقهبندی و بر طبق نتایج آن به پهنهبندی سلامت شهری براساس هریک از شاخصها اقدام شده است. در همه مراحل با تلفیق نتایج با تحلیلهای فضایی GIS، با بهکارگیری شاخصهای تأثیرگذار محیط فیزیکی بر سلامت شهری، الگوی رشد شهر، نظام کاربری اراضی، شبکه حملونقل و زیرساختهای شهری شهر یزد مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است.
یافته ها: نتایج به دست آمده از این پژوهش نشان می دهد که 11 شاخص از میان مؤلفههای ساختار فضایی شهر، بیشترین اهمیت و اثرگذاری را در نظام سلامتشهری دارا هستند. پایش این شاخصها در شهر یزد بهخوبی بیانگر این مطلب است که درمجموع تقریباً کلیه نقاط شهر یزد از بافت سنتی شهر تا بخشهای جدید الحاقی به شهر از نقطه نظر سلامتشهری در وضعیت بحرانی به سر می برند؛ اگرچه که تمامی این نقاط از نظر عوامل ایجاد بحران یکسان نیستند اما درمجموع هر بخش و منطقه از نظر تعدادی از شاخصهای تعریف شده در مرز بحران قرار دارد.
نتایج: چنانچه روند توسعه ازهم گسیخته و بیبرنامه شهر همچنان ادامه یابد، و اقدامی درجهت کنترل عوامل ایجاد بحران صورت نگیرد در طی دهههای آینده، سلامت شهروندان یزدی به معضل و فاجعه بزرگ انسانی منجر خواهد شد.
چکیده انگلیسی :
Introduction:One of the consequences of rapid changes in urbanization and modern urban life is the threat and deterioration of citizens' health.The spatial structure of the city can control human behaviorand influence his activities and reactions.On the other hand,the existing cities are dilapidated in some parts due to their historical age and lifespan.Therefore,it is very important to identify the factors affecting this degeneration in order to prevent and act appropriately with thesechanges.
Method:The research method has been carried out in two ways,descriptive and analytical,and in thedescriptive part,the information needed for the research has been collected using library studies.In the analytical part,using the interpretative structural modeling technique,the influencing indicators of the cities'physical environment on urban health have been identified,then weighting of these indicators has been carried out using the ANP method.The obtained results were classified based on Vicor's modeland according to its results,urban health was zoned based on each of the indicators.In all stages,by combining the results with GIS spatial analysis,byusing the influencing indicators of the physical environment on urban health,the city growth pattern,land use system,transportation network and urban infrastructure of Yazdcity have been examined.
Findings:The results obtained from this research show that 11 indicators among the components of the spatial structure of the city are the most important and effective in the urban health system.The monitoring of these indicators in the cityof Yazd clearly shows that,in total,almost all parts of the cityof Yazd,from the traditional fabric of the city to the new parts added to the city,are in a critical state from the point of view of urban health;Although all these points are not the same in terms of the factors causing the crisis,in general,each sector and region is on the border of the crisis in terms of a number of defined indicators.
Results:If the disjointedand unplanned development of the city continues, andno measures are taken to control the factors causing the crisis,the healthof Yazdi citizens will lead to a great human crisis and disaster in the coming decades.
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