بررسی پیامدهای اجتماعی، اقتصادی و روانی افراد در مناطق زلزله زده (مطالعه موردی: زلزله‌زدگان غرب کرمانشاه)
سیما پرشو
1
(دانشجوی دکتری جامعه شناسی اقتصادی و توسعه، واحد دهاقان،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دهاقان، ایران)
سیدناصر حجازی
2
(استادیار ّ، گروه جامعه شناسی،واحد دهاقان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دهاقان، ایران(نویسنده مسئول) hejazi@dehaghan.ac.ir)
اصغر محمدی
3
(استادیار ّ گروه جامعه شناسی،واحد دهاقان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دهاقان، ایران)
کلید واژه: پیامدهای زلزله, زلزله زدگان, غرب کرمانشاه, سر پل ذهاب, ثلاث باباجانی,
چکیده مقاله :
زلزله از جمله پدیده‌هایی است که به هنگام وقوع، جامعه را با مخاطرات و نابسامانی‌های متعدد مواجه می سازد. کشور ایران از جمله کشورهایی است که در پهنه گسترده خود با گسل های پرشمار و بزرگی مواجه است. این پژوهش با رویکرد جامعه شناختی، با هدف بررسی پیامدهای اجتماعی، اقتصادی و روانی بازماندگان زلزله غرب کرمانشاه و با روش پیمایش انجام شده است. جمعیت آماری شامل تمامی افراد 18 سال به بالای شهرستان های سرپل ذهاب و ثلاث باباجانی می شود. برای تعیین نمونۀ آماری (600 نفر) از فرمول کوکران، و برای گردآوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامۀ محقق ساخته استفاده گردید. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها نیز با بهره گیری از نرم آماریpls و SPSS در دو بخش آمار توصیفی و آمار استنباطی انجام گردید. یافته ها نشان داد که وقوع زلزله بر تمامی متغیرهای تحقیق با (001/0 sig=) در سطح آلفای 0.05 بر احساس امنیت اجتماعی، مسئولیت پذیری اجتماعی، انطباق پذیری شهروندان ، همبستگی اجتماعی با دیگران ، تقدیرگرایی، احساس امنیت اقتصادی ، تغییرات شغلی، سلامت روانی ، تاب آوری و تکلیف مداری برابر خدا تأثیردارد.
چکیده انگلیسی :
This Earthquake is one of the phenomena that, when it occurs, the society faces many dangers and disturbances. Iran is one of the countries that faces numerous and large faults in its wide area. This research was carried out with a sociological approach, with the aim of investigating the social, economic and psychological consequences of the survivors of the West Kermanshah earthquake and with the survey method. The statistical population includes all people over the age of 18 in the cities of Sarpol Zahab and Salas Babajani. Cochran's formula was used to determine the statistical sample (600 people), and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect information. Data analysis was also done using PLS and SPSS statistical software in two parts, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The findings showed that the occurrence of an earthquake on all research variables with (sig=0.001) at the alpha level of 0.05 on the sense of social security, social responsibility, adaptability of citizens, social solidarity with others, determinism, sense of economic security, Job changes, mental health, resilience and duty-oriented towards God have an effect.
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6.Dehghani, Masoume; Ali Mohajer Watan; Asadullah Vareh Karnema and Mehdi Kazemi. (2012). Investigating the effects and long-term consequences of the earthquake crisis on the mental health of surviving children (a study of children present in the 2013 Bam earthquake), the 5th International Conference on Comprehensive Management of Natural Disasters, Tehran, Permanent Secretariat of the Comprehensive Crisis Management Conference.
7.Ford, J.(2002).Vulnerability: Concepts and issues, A literature Review of the concept of Vulnerability, its Definition and Application in Studies Dealing With Human- Environmental Interactions, part of PHD Scholarly Field Paper For course Geog, University of Guelph.
8.Godarzi, Mohammad Ali. (2010). The relationship between religious attitude and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in earthquake victims of Bam city. Volume 13, Number 50, June and July 2019, pages 182-93.
9.Gruebner Oliver, R Lowe Sarah, Sampson Laura, Galea Sandro.(2015). The geography of post-disaster mental health: spatial patterning of psychological vulnerability and resilience factors in New York City after Hurricane Sandy, International Journal of Health Geographics (2015) 14:16, DOI 10.1186/s12942.
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11.Houshmandzadeh, Mohammad. (2004). Planning to achieve a comprehensive crisis management system with the aim of reducing the destructive effects of unforeseen events with a view on the dimensions of crisis management in the January 1382 earthquake in Bam city, the first international conference on comprehensive crisis management in unexpected events, Bam.
12.Khanade Kunal, Sasangohar Farzan.(2018).Heart RateMental Health, A Public Health Paradigm, Behavioral Health Response to Disasters, Edited By Julie Framingham, Martell L. Teasley, Tailor and Francis Group. https://books.google.
13.Makwana, N.(2019). Disaster and its impact on mental health: A narrative review, Published online 2019 Oct 31. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_893_19.
14.Mohammadi Nia, Leila, Nazari Kamal, Mina. (2018). The participation of semens in the prevention of social and psychological harm to families, children and adolescents: a case study of the Kermanshah earthquake, the 9th International Health Congress in Accidents and Disasters.
15.Najarian, Bahman and Barati Sadeh, Farid. (1379). Psychological Consequences of Disasters, Tehran: Masir Publishing House.
16.Nelson, Joel .(1995). Post-Industrial Capitalism. New Delhi: SAGE.
17.aflatonian, Mohammadreza; Reza Abbasi and Behnaz Platonian. (2012). Efforts for the health of Bam earthquake victims based on the knowledge and experiences of the authorities at the time, the 5th International Conference on Comprehensive Management of Natural Disasters, Tehran, Permanent Secretariat of the Conference on Comprehensive Disaster Management.
18.Pourmohammadi, Mohammad Reza. (2012). Urban land use planning, Tehran: Samit Publications.
19.Pourmohammadi, Mohammadreza, Hadi, Elham, Hadi, Alnaz. (2018). Explaining the socio-economic dimensions of urban resilience against earthquakes, a case study: District 4 of Tabriz city, Danesh Journal of Crisis Prevention and Management Spring 2018 Number 1.
20.Tekra . (2016). The biggest earthquakes in the world and Iran; 20 of the most severe earthquakes in the world, Tekra site, natural events, 5359485.
21.shadi talab, Jhaleh. (1374). Sociology of disaster, analysis of Rudbar Manjil earthquake, Journal of Iranian Sociological Association, first volume, number 3.
22.Saleki Maliki, M. Hamad Ali, Valibigi, Mojtabi, Ghasemi, Masoumeh. (2012). Spatial efficiency of the communication network in order to provide relief after an earthquake (case study: Tabriz Baghmisheh settlement). Relief and Rescue Quarterly, No. 3. Pages 8-75.
23.Shaker, Mehdi. (2004). Mental health of accident victims and rescuers with emphasis on providing scientific and practical solutions, the second research scientific conference on rescue and rescue management.
24.WHO,(2014),Social determinants of mental health, https:// www.who.int/mental health/publications/gulbenkian paper social determinants of mental health/en/
25.Zenadia, J. and Sung, D. (2003). Participation in disaster reduction: eastern
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1. Abbasi Borundargh, Sakineh; Nasreen Garami and Hassan Shahrokhi. (2012). The effectiveness of psychological support interventions in increasing the mental health of earthquake victims in Warzaghan city, National Conference on Pathology and Planning of the Effects of the August 21 Earthquake in East Azar Baijan Province, Harris, Payam Noor University of East Azerbaijan Provinc
2.Abdullahi, Majid. (2012). Crisis management in urban areas, publications of the Organization of Municipalities and Rural Districts of the country.
3.Andersson, T., Caker, M., Tengblad, S., Wickelgren, M. (2019). Building traits for organizational resilience through balancing organizational structures. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 35(1), 36-45.
4.Askari Bagharabadi, Mahbobeh; Noshirvan Khazri Moghadam; Tayyaba Damiri and Zahra Rezaei. (2015). Investigating the relationship between the level of depression and mental health in families affected by the Bam earthquake, the 3rd National Scientific Research Congress on the Development and Promotion of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Sociology and Social Cultural Sciences of Iran, Tehran, Scientific Association for the Development and Promotion of Basic Sciences and Techniques.
5.Burke S .(2014). a response by the Australian psychological society to the draft report of the productivity commission inquiry into natural disaster funding. Australian Psychological Society.
6.Dehghani, Masoume; Ali Mohajer Watan; Asadullah Vareh Karnema and Mehdi Kazemi. (2012). Investigating the effects and long-term consequences of the earthquake crisis on the mental health of surviving children (a study of children present in the 2013 Bam earthquake), the 5th International Conference on Comprehensive Management of Natural Disasters, Tehran, Permanent Secretariat of the Comprehensive Crisis Management Conference.
7.Ford, J.(2002).Vulnerability: Concepts and issues, A literature Review of the concept of Vulnerability, its Definition and Application in Studies Dealing With Human- Environmental Interactions, part of PHD Scholarly Field Paper For course Geog, University of Guelph.
8.Godarzi, Mohammad Ali. (2010). The relationship between religious attitude and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in earthquake victims of Bam city. Volume 13, Number 50, June and July 2019, pages 182-93.
9.Gruebner Oliver, R Lowe Sarah, Sampson Laura, Galea Sandro.(2015). The geography of post-disaster mental health: spatial patterning of psychological vulnerability and resilience factors in New York City after Hurricane Sandy, International Journal of Health Geographics (2015) 14:16, DOI 10.1186/s12942.
10.Hakato, Motohiko. (1382). Earthquake in the experience album, translated by a group of translators. Tehran: Center for Natural Crisis Studies in Industry.
11.Houshmandzadeh, Mohammad. (2004). Planning to achieve a comprehensive crisis management system with the aim of reducing the destructive effects of unforeseen events with a view on the dimensions of crisis management in the January 1382 earthquake in Bam city, the first international conference on comprehensive crisis management in unexpected events, Bam.
12.Khanade Kunal, Sasangohar Farzan.(2018).Heart RateMental Health, A Public Health Paradigm, Behavioral Health Response to Disasters, Edited By Julie Framingham, Martell L. Teasley, Tailor and Francis Group. https://books.google.
13.Makwana, N.(2019). Disaster and its impact on mental health: A narrative review, Published online 2019 Oct 31. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_893_19.
14.Mohammadi Nia, Leila, Nazari Kamal, Mina. (2018). The participation of semens in the prevention of social and psychological harm to families, children and adolescents: a case study of the Kermanshah earthquake, the 9th International Health Congress in Accidents and Disasters.
15.Najarian, Bahman and Barati Sadeh, Farid. (1379). Psychological Consequences of Disasters, Tehran: Masir Publishing House.
16.Nelson, Joel .(1995). Post-Industrial Capitalism. New Delhi: SAGE.
17.aflatonian, Mohammadreza; Reza Abbasi and Behnaz Platonian. (2012). Efforts for the health of Bam earthquake victims based on the knowledge and experiences of the authorities at the time, the 5th International Conference on Comprehensive Management of Natural Disasters, Tehran, Permanent Secretariat of the Conference on Comprehensive Disaster Management.
18.Pourmohammadi, Mohammad Reza. (2012). Urban land use planning, Tehran: Samit Publications.
19.Pourmohammadi, Mohammadreza, Hadi, Elham, Hadi, Alnaz. (2018). Explaining the socio-economic dimensions of urban resilience against earthquakes, a case study: District 4 of Tabriz city, Danesh Journal of Crisis Prevention and Management Spring 2018 Number 1.
20.Tekra . (2016). The biggest earthquakes in the world and Iran; 20 of the most severe earthquakes in the world, Tekra site, natural events, 5359485.
21.shadi talab, Jhaleh. (1374). Sociology of disaster, analysis of Rudbar Manjil earthquake, Journal of Iranian Sociological Association, first volume, number 3.
22.Saleki Maliki, M. Hamad Ali, Valibigi, Mojtabi, Ghasemi, Masoumeh. (2012). Spatial efficiency of the communication network in order to provide relief after an earthquake (case study: Tabriz Baghmisheh settlement). Relief and Rescue Quarterly, No. 3. Pages 8-75.
23.Shaker, Mehdi. (2004). Mental health of accident victims and rescuers with emphasis on providing scientific and practical solutions, the second research scientific conference on rescue and rescue management.
24.WHO,(2014),Social determinants of mental health, https:// www.who.int/mental health/publications/gulbenkian paper social determinants of mental health/en/
25.Zenadia, J. and Sung, D. (2003). Participation in disaster reduction: eastern