تبیین مفهوم شادی و نشاط اجتماعی در فضاهای عمومی نمونه مورد مطالعه: شهر تبریز
سودا محمدی دلبند
1
(
دانشجوی دکتری طراحی شهری، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
)
آرش ثقفی
2
(
استادیار شهرسازی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران ( نویسنده مسئول) Email: a.saghafi@iaut.ac.ir
)
داریوش ستارزاده
3
(
دانشیار، گروه شهرسازی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
)
مهسا فرامرزی
4
(
استادیار، گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز،تبریز،ایران
)
تاریخ ارسال : 1401/11/17
تاریخ تایید : 1402/02/27
کلید واژه:
شادی,
نشاط اجتماعی,
فضاهای عمومی شهری,
تبیین مفهوم,
چکیده مقاله :
بالندگی، سرزندگی و نشاط روانی انسان به دلیل تأثیر قابلملاحظهای که بر تمامی جنبه های شخصیتی انسان و چگونگی بروز و ظهور رفتارهای مختلف در او دارد، همواره موردتوجه محققان و پژوهشگران بوده است. شهروندان امروز شهرهای جهان علیرغم برخورداری از امکانات و تسهیلات شهری احساس شادمانی ندارند و تشدید ناهنجاری های اجتماعی، محصول شرایط نامساعد محیطی، نابسامانی فضایی و فشارهای روانی ناشی از طراحی نادرست فضاهای شهری است. برای دستیابی به فضای مطلوب، سالم و شاد در شهرها نیازمند رعایت اصول و موازینی خاص در طراحی شهرها برای رسیدن به شهر شاد هستیم. این پژوهش با روش کمی و هدف تبیین مفهوم شادی و نشاط اجتماعی در فضاهای عمومی شهری می باشد. بهمنظور پاسخگویی به این هدف در بخش مبانی نظری تأکید شد که بهطورکلی شادی و فضاهای عمومی شهری بر یکدیگر اثرگذارند. یافتههای پژوهش حاکی از این است که بر اساس نتایج بهدستآمده از مطالعات آماری، تمامی متغیرهای مفهومی پژوهش، شامل ابعاد کیفیت فضاهای عمومی شهری، ابعاد کالبدی-اکولوژیک، ابعاد ادراکی-معنایی، ابعاد فرهنگی-اقتصادی، ابعاد اجتماعی، ابعاد ذهنی، ابعاد سیاسی-مدیریتی، ابعاد فردی-شخصیتی دارای ارتباط معنادار با مفهوم شادی و نشاط اجتماعی می باشند. از دیدگاه شهروندان، بعد کیفیت فضای شهری مهم ترین بعدی است که نقش مهم تری در ارتقا شادی و نشاط اجتماعی شهروندان داشته و بیشترین اثرگذاری را بر شادی شهروندان ایفا می کنند و بایستی در برنامهریزیهای مرتبط با فضای شهری در اولویت قرار گیرند.
چکیده انگلیسی :
Growth, vitality and mental vitality of man has always been the focus of researchers and scholars due to the significant effect it has on all aspects of human personality and how different behaviors appear in him. Today's citizens of the cities of the world do not feel happy despite having urban amenities and facilities, and the aggravation of social anomalies is the product of adverse environmental conditions, spatial disorder and psychological pressures caused by the improper design of urban spaces. In order to achieve a favorable, healthy and happy atmosphere in cities, we need to observe certain principles and standards in the design of cities to achieve a happy city. This research is based on a quantitative method and aims to explain the concept of social happiness in urban public spaces. In order to meet this goal, it was emphasized in the theoretical foundations section that in general, happiness and urban public spaces affect each other. The research findings indicate that based on the results obtained from statistical studies, all the conceptual variables of the research, including the dimensions of the quality of urban public spaces, physical-ecological dimensions, perceptual-semantic dimensions, cultural-economic dimensions, social dimensions, and mental dimensions, political-management dimensions, individual-personality dimensions have a significant relationship with the concept of social happiness and vitality. From the point of view of the citizens, the quality of the urban space is the most important dimension, which has a more important role in promoting the happiness and social vitality of the citizens and plays the most impact on the happiness of the citizens, and should be prioritized in planning related to urban space.
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_||_
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Lucas, R. E., & Gohm, C. L. (2006). Age and sex differences in subjective well-being across cultures. Culture and subjective well-being, 3(2) 91-317.
Lyubomirsky, S., Kennon M., Sheldon, and Schkade, D., (2005). Pursuing happiness: the architecture of sustainable change. Review of general psychology, Vol.9, No.2, p.111-131.
MAAS, J., VERHEIJ, R. A., GROENEWEGEN, P. P., DE VRIES, S. and SPREEUWENBERG, P. (2006). 'Green space, urbanity, and health: how strong is the relation?', Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 60, 22657: 587.
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Montgomery, C. (2007). “From living hell to living well”. Globe and Mail.
Montgomery, C. (2013). “Happy city: transforming our lives through urban design”. Macmillan.
Mousavi,M.(2013).Happiness :Theoretical approach and experimental finding,Tehran: Tissa.
National Research Council. (2002). “Neem: a tree for solving global problems”. The Minerva Group, Inc.
Nisbet, E. K., Zelenski, J. M., & Murphy, S. A. (2011). Happiness is in our nature: Exploring nature relatedness as a contributor to subjective well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 12(2), 303-322.
Orojnia,P(2013),”Happiness in Iran old wisdom and its empact on Islamic iran”, tarikh va tamadon esslami journal, no1,pages 23-39.[in Persian]
Pringle, Sofie, Guaralda, Mirko, & Mayere, Severine. (2019). Urban environment characteristics and their implications on emotional happiness and well-being: Proposal of a theoretical and conceptual framework. In Jackson, S & Muffatt, L (Eds.) Proceedings of the 12th Liveable Cities Conference. Association for Sustainability in Business Inc., Australia, pp. 33-66.
QIN, J., ZHOU, X., SUN, C., LENG, H. and LIAN, Z. (2013). 'Influence of green spaces on environmental satisfaction and physiological status of urban residents', Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 12, 15844: 490-497.
Rhinehart, N. (2009). “Public Spaces in Bogota: An Introduction”. The University of Miami InterAmerican Law Review, 40(2), 197-211.
Samavati, S., & Ranjbar, E. (2017). The Effect of Physical Stimuli on Citizens’ Happiness in Urban Environments: The Case of the Pedestrian Area of the Historical Part of Tehran, Journal of Urban Design and Mental Health; 2:2.
Samavati, S., and E. Ranjbar (2016). “Charles Montgomery’s View of Happy City”. Published at http://anthropologyandculture.com. [in Persian]
Samavati,s,(2016),improvement the quality of happiness in Tehran historical context, urban design master thesis, Tarbiat modares university,faculty of art andarchitecture, supervisor: ehsan ranjbar.[in Persian]
Sepe, M. (2017). THE ROLE OF PUBLIC SPACE TO ACHIEVE URBAN HAPPINESS, Urban Regeneration and Sustainability, vol: 96: 364- 373
SERESINHE, C. I., PREIS, T., MACKERRON, G. and MOAT, H. S. (2019). 'Happiness is Greater in More Scenic Locations', Sci Rep, 9, 22571: 4498.
SULLIVAN, W. (2014) Attention restoration and stress reduction: Two mechanisms underlying the health benefits of exposure to green spaces.