عوامل فرهنگی بازگشت به اعتیاد در بین معتادان خود معرف شهرستان اندیمشک
محورهای موضوعی : جامعه شناسی
فرشیده کیهانی
1
(
گروه حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران،
)
صادق مرادی
2
(
گروه حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران، (نویسنده مسئول)،
(Sad.moradi@iauctb.ac.ir)
)
غلامرضا محمد نسل
3
(
گروه حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشگاه علوم انتظامی امین، تهران، ایران
)
کلید واژه: بازگشت به اعتیاد, معتادان خود معرف, اعتیاد به مواد مخدر, علل فرهنگی,
چکیده مقاله :
انجام تحقیقات سبب شناسی اعتیاد، برای طراحی و اجرای برنامه های پیشگیرانه توسط کارشناسان سازمان های ذیربط اجتناب ناپذیر می نماید. لذا این مطالعه توصیفی- مقطعی با هدف رتبه بندی عوامل فرهنگی بازگشت به اعتیاد در بین معتادان خود معرف با استفاده از پرسشنامه محقق ساخته با انتخاب تصادفی- طبقه ای بین 150 نفر از جامعه آماری شامل مددجویان، مددکاران و مشاوران، و اعضای خانواده مددجویان، در مراکز ترک اعتیاد تحت نظر بهزیستی شهرستان اندیمشک در سال 1398 انجام گرفت. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آمار توصیفی و نرم افزارspss استفاده گردید. در آمار توصیفی، اطلاعات دموگرافیک و جمعیت شناختی نمونه بررسی شد و در آمار استنباطی نیز ابتدا نرمال بودن داده ها با استفاده از آزمون تک کولموگروف اسمیرنوف تعیین گردید و سپس با استفاده از آزمون خی 2 کوکران، سطح معناداری هر کدام از مؤلفه های عوامل فرهنگی عملیاتی شده و مورد سنجش قرار گرفت. از بین 17 گویه متغیر علل فرهنگی، تشویق دوستان مصرف کننده به استعمال مجدد مواد و گذراندن اوقات فراغت با تفریحات ناسالم، بیش ترین و زندان رفتن و تبعیض بین فرزندان، کمترین میزان تأثیر بر بازگشت به اعتیاد را داشتند. عوامل فرهنگی مؤثر بر بازگشت را می توان شامل مؤلفه های تشویق دوستان مصرف کننده به استعمال مجدد مواد، گذراندن اوقات فراغت با تفریحات ناسالم، برچسب زنی، عدم پیگیری دستگاه های ذی ربط، عدم اختصاص برنامه جهت گذراندن اوقات فراغت، باورهای مثبت در استفاده از مواد مخدر جهت تسکین و درمان بیماری ها، و عدم آگاهی نسبت به ماهیت مواد مخدر جدید دانست.
The conducting etiological researches on the addiction, for the design and implementation of preventive programs by experts of relevant organizations is inevitable. Therefore, this descriptive cross-sectional study was performed with the aim of ranking the cultural factors of returning to drog addiction among self-introduced addicts by using a researcher-made questionnaire by random-class sampling method among 150 people from the statistical population, including: clients (self-introduced returning addicts), helpers and advisors, and Clients' family members, in addiction treatment centers under the supervision of Andimeshk welfare in 2019. To analyze the data, were used descriptive statistics and SPSS software. In descriptive statistics, the demographic and demographic information of the sample was checked, and in inferential statistics, first the normality of the data was determined using the Kolmogorov Smirnov one-way test, and then using the Cochran chi-square test, the significance level of each of the components of operational cultural factors was determined and was measured. Among the 17 items of variable cultural causes, the encouragement from the user friends to reuse drugs and the spending leisure time with unhealthy entertainment, have most effect and the going to jail and the discrimination between children, have the lowest effect on return to addiction. The cultural factors effecting the return to drugs addiction can include the components of the encouragement from the user friends to reuse drugs, the spending leisure time with unhealthy entertainment, the labeling, failure to track related institutions, Not assigning a program to spend leisure time, Having positive beliefs in using drugs to relieve and treat diseases ,and Lack of knowledge about the nature of new drugs
5- Din Mohammadi, M. R., Amini, K. & Yazdan Khah, M. R. (2007). Survey of Social and Environmental Factors Related to the Relapse of Addiction in Volunteer Addicted Individuals In Welfare Organization of Zanjan. J Adv Med Biomed Res, 15 (59). P.p :85-94
6- Ellis, B., Bernichon, T., Yu, P., Roberts, T. & Herrell, J. M. (2004). Effect of social support on substance abuse relapse in a residential treatment setting for women. Evaluation and program planning. 27 (2). P.p: 213-221.
7- Fallahzadeh, H. & Hosseini, N. (2006). The study of the causes of relapse in addicts referring to Behzisti of Yazd,. Tolooe Behdasht, 5(1). P.p: 67-73.
8- Faraji, F. (2016). Social analysis of factors influencing the recurrence of substance use (case Study of article 16 of Alborz Province), Proceedings of the First International Conference on new researches in the field of educational sciences and psychology and social studies of Iran.
9- Fayyazi, S., Sayadi, N. & Rokh Afrouz, D. (2009). Evaluation of personal, familial and social factors influencing return to addiction in addicts referred to addiction withdrawal centers of Ahvaz City in 2009, research project.
10- Ghasemi, A.R., Sohami, S. & Rezaei, A. (2016). social factors related to relapse among recovered addicts, the study sample: West Gilan city, the first national conference on future research, humanities and social security, Khorramabad.
11- Hashemi, T., Fotuhie Bonab, S., karimi, H. H. & Bayrami, M. (2010). The Role of Irrational Beliefs, Self Efficacy and Social Support in Relapse of Abuse Disorder. Etiadpajohi, 4 (13). P.p :7-24.
12- Hosseini Haji Bekandeh, S. A., Jafari, F. & Zar, A. A. (2008). related factors in relapse of addiction disease, Journal of Social Sciences, 15(41). P.p: 67-85.
13- Levinson, J.H., Ruiz, P., Millman, R.B. & Langrod, J.G. (1997). Substance Abuse (A Comprehensive Text Book). 3th ed. Boston: Williams & Wilkins, P.p: 674-681.
14-.Liorente, D.P., Fernandez, G.C. & Gutierz, F.M. (1998). Vielva PI. Pschological and behavioral factors associated with relapse among heroin abusers treatd in theraputic communities. Addic Behav, 23. P.p: 155-69.
15- Nastizayi, N., Hezareh Moghadam, M. & Mollazehi, A. (2010). The Study of Factors for Recurred Addiction from the View of Self-Introduced Addicts to the Addiction Abandonment Centers of Zahedan. Nursing and Midwifery Journal, 8 (3). P.p:169-174.
16- Rahman, M.M., Rahaman, M. M., Hamadani, J. D., Mustafa, K. & Shariful Islam, Sh. M. (2015). Psycho-social factors associated with relapse to drug addiction in Bangladesh, Journal of Substance Use. DOI: 10.3109/14659891.2015.1122099.
17- Sadegiye Ahari, S., Azami, A., Barak, M., Amani, F. & Firuz, S. (2004). Reviewing the causes of recurred addiction in patients who referred to centers introduced of Tehran welfare. Ardabil Med Univ , 3 (4). P.p: 36-40.
18- Safari, M. & Mousavizadeh, S. N. (2014). The study of effective factors on drug abuse in patients referred to addiction centers in Maragheh City, Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 24 (86), P.p: 64-57.
19-Sharg A, Shakibi A, Neisari R, Aliloo L. (2011). Survey of factors related to the relapse of addiction from view of addict patients attending to drug abuse treatment clinics in west azerbaijan. Urmia Med J, 22(2), P.p: 129-136.
20- Shaterian, M., Manti, R., Kasani, A., & Manbi, V. (2014). Factors related to addiction recurrence in patients referred to addiction treatment centers in Ilam. Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, 22 (6), P.p: 165-173.
21-Swanepoel, Ilze. (2014). The causes of relapse amongst young African adults following in-patient treatment for drug abuse in the Gauteng Province, a mini-dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of social work, University of Pretoria.
22-Tarrahi, M., Ansari, H., Heydari, K., Sharhani, A., Akrami, R. & Holakouie Naeini, K. (2013). Viewpoint of Care Providers and Self-Reported Substance Drug Addicts Referring to Withdrawal Centers About Etiology of Re-Addiction in Khoramabad, 2010. JRUMS, 12 (4). P.p :299-308.
23- Walton, M.A., Reish, T.M., Ramanthan, C.S. (1995). Social setting and addiction relapse. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 7(2), P.p: 223-233.
24- Zafarinia, Y., Tarkashund, R., Sarmian, S. & Gouderzi, M. (2011). investigation of the factors affecting the relapse of addiction in the clients of addiction treatment centers of Khorram Abad city (three months: Shahrivar, Mehr, Aban, 2011), National Injury Conference Studies of youth issues, Flavarjan.
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5- Din Mohammadi, M. R., Amini, K. & Yazdan Khah, M. R. (2007). Survey of Social and Environmental Factors Related to the Relapse of Addiction in Volunteer Addicted Individuals In Welfare Organization of Zanjan. J Adv Med Biomed Res, 15 (59). P.p :85-94
6- Ellis, B., Bernichon, T., Yu, P., Roberts, T. & Herrell, J. M. (2004). Effect of social support on substance abuse relapse in a residential treatment setting for women. Evaluation and program planning. 27 (2). P.p: 213-221.
7- Fallahzadeh, H. & Hosseini, N. (2006). The study of the causes of relapse in addicts referring to Behzisti of Yazd,. Tolooe Behdasht, 5(1). P.p: 67-73.
8- Faraji, F. (2016). Social analysis of factors influencing the recurrence of substance use (case Study of article 16 of Alborz Province), Proceedings of the First International Conference on new researches in the field of educational sciences and psychology and social studies of Iran.
9- Fayyazi, S., Sayadi, N. & Rokh Afrouz, D. (2009). Evaluation of personal, familial and social factors influencing return to addiction in addicts referred to addiction withdrawal centers of Ahvaz City in 2009, research project.
10- Ghasemi, A.R., Sohami, S. & Rezaei, A. (2016). social factors related to relapse among recovered addicts, the study sample: West Gilan city, the first national conference on future research, humanities and social security, Khorramabad.
11- Hashemi, T., Fotuhie Bonab, S., karimi, H. H. & Bayrami, M. (2010). The Role of Irrational Beliefs, Self Efficacy and Social Support in Relapse of Abuse Disorder. Etiadpajohi, 4 (13). P.p :7-24.
12- Hosseini Haji Bekandeh, S. A., Jafari, F. & Zar, A. A. (2008). related factors in relapse of addiction disease, Journal of Social Sciences, 15(41). P.p: 67-85.
13- Levinson, J.H., Ruiz, P., Millman, R.B. & Langrod, J.G. (1997). Substance Abuse (A Comprehensive Text Book). 3th ed. Boston: Williams & Wilkins, P.p: 674-681.
14-.Liorente, D.P., Fernandez, G.C. & Gutierz, F.M. (1998). Vielva PI. Pschological and behavioral factors associated with relapse among heroin abusers treatd in theraputic communities. Addic Behav, 23. P.p: 155-69.
15- Nastizayi, N., Hezareh Moghadam, M. & Mollazehi, A. (2010). The Study of Factors for Recurred Addiction from the View of Self-Introduced Addicts to the Addiction Abandonment Centers of Zahedan. Nursing and Midwifery Journal, 8 (3). P.p:169-174.
16- Rahman, M.M., Rahaman, M. M., Hamadani, J. D., Mustafa, K. & Shariful Islam, Sh. M. (2015). Psycho-social factors associated with relapse to drug addiction in Bangladesh, Journal of Substance Use. DOI: 10.3109/14659891.2015.1122099.
17- Sadegiye Ahari, S., Azami, A., Barak, M., Amani, F. & Firuz, S. (2004). Reviewing the causes of recurred addiction in patients who referred to centers introduced of Tehran welfare. Ardabil Med Univ , 3 (4). P.p: 36-40.
18- Safari, M. & Mousavizadeh, S. N. (2014). The study of effective factors on drug abuse in patients referred to addiction centers in Maragheh City, Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 24 (86), P.p: 64-57.
19-Sharg A, Shakibi A, Neisari R, Aliloo L. (2011). Survey of factors related to the relapse of addiction from view of addict patients attending to drug abuse treatment clinics in west azerbaijan. Urmia Med J, 22(2), P.p: 129-136.
20- Shaterian, M., Manti, R., Kasani, A., & Manbi, V. (2014). Factors related to addiction recurrence in patients referred to addiction treatment centers in Ilam. Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, 22 (6), P.p: 165-173.
21-Swanepoel, Ilze. (2014). The causes of relapse amongst young African adults following in-patient treatment for drug abuse in the Gauteng Province, a mini-dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of social work, University of Pretoria.
22-Tarrahi, M., Ansari, H., Heydari, K., Sharhani, A., Akrami, R. & Holakouie Naeini, K. (2013). Viewpoint of Care Providers and Self-Reported Substance Drug Addicts Referring to Withdrawal Centers About Etiology of Re-Addiction in Khoramabad, 2010. JRUMS, 12 (4). P.p :299-308.
23- Walton, M.A., Reish, T.M., Ramanthan, C.S. (1995). Social setting and addiction relapse. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 7(2), P.p: 223-233.
24- Zafarinia, Y., Tarkashund, R., Sarmian, S. & Gouderzi, M. (2011). investigation of the factors affecting the relapse of addiction in the clients of addiction treatment centers of Khorram Abad city (three months: Shahrivar, Mehr, Aban, 2011), National Injury Conference Studies of youth issues, Flavarjan.