جامعه شناسی سیاسی تحولات سیاسی حکومت قاجار از دیدگاه نظریه گردش نخبگان ویلفردو پارتو
محورهای موضوعی : جامعه شناسیقاسم گل حسینی 1 , منیژه کاظمی 2 , شهرزاد ساسان پور 3 , داود ابراهیم پور 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری تاریخ، واحد شبستر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، شبستر، ایران
2 - استادیارگروه تاریخ، واحد شبستر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شبستر،ایران ( نویسنده مسئول)
3 - استادیار گروه معارف اسلامی ، واحد تهران مرکزی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تهران ، ایران
4 - استادیار گروه علوم اجتماعی و ارتباطات ، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تبریز، ایران
کلید واژه: ظهور حکومت قاجار, نظریه گردش نخبگان پارتو, تحولات سلسه قاجار,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف اصلی مطالعه حاضر، تحلیل جامعهشناختی سیاسی تحولات سیاسی حکومت قاجار از دیدگاه نظریه گردش نخبگان ویلفردو پارتو بود. در این مقاله سئوالات پژوهشی زیر مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است: تحولات سیاسی سلسله قاجار از دیدگاه نظریه گردش نخبگان ویلفردو پارتو چگونه قابل تحلیل است؟ نقش نخبگان در ایجاد تحولات دوره قاجاریه چه بود؟ روش تحقیق از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از - کیفی به شیوه اسنادی و کتابخانهای و ابزار جمعآوری دادهها، فیش و یادداشت ، نظر گردآوری دادهها برداری بود. پارتو گردش نخبگان در تاریخ جوامع را عاملی ضروری و طبیعی در جهت پیشرفت معرفی مینماید. تحلیل جامعهشناختی سیاسی تحولات سیاسی حکومت قاجار نشان داد، عدم وجود گردش نخبگان در جامعة دورة قاجار که موجب عدم تعادل نظام سیاسی و پاسخ مناسب به تحولات سیاسی و اجتماعی شد، علاوه بر این که ناکارآمدی نخبگان رسمی را به اثبات رساند، راه را برای ورود نخبگان جدید در حوزة سیاسی بست. با سقوط حکومت تزار در روسیه، حکومت قاجار نیز که متکی بر ساختار سیاسی ملوكالطوایفی بود، دچار از هم پاشیدگی اجتماعی گردید.
The main goal of the present study was to analyze political sociological developments of the Qajar government from the point of view of Vilfredo Pareto's elite circulation theory. In this article, the following research questions are investigated: How can the political developments of the Qajar dynasty be analyzed from the point of view of Vilfredo Pareto's elite circulation theory? What was the role of the elites in creating the changes of the Qajar period? The research method was practical in terms of purpose, and in terms of data collection, it was qualitative in a documentary and library style, and aslo data collection tools were slips and note-taking. Pareto introduces the circulation of elites in the history of societies as a necessary and natural factor in the direction of progress. The political sociological analysis of the political developments of the Qajar regime showed that, lack of circulation of elites in the society of the Qajar era caused the imbalance of the political system and the inappropriate response to political and social developments, in addition to proving the inefficiency of the official elites, it stopped entering new elites in the political domain. With the fall of the tsarist government in Russia, the Qajar government, which relied on the political structure of tribal kings, suffered social disintegration.
Abrahamian, Yervand. (2011). Essays in Political Sociology of Iran, translated by Soheila Torabi Farsani, Tehran: Pardis Danesh Publishing House, second edition. 2. Akbari, Mohammad Ali. (1992). Features of power structure in Iran, Nameh Farhang, Tehran: Ministries of Culture and Islamic Guidance, 2nd year, 4th issue. 3. Avri, Peter; Hembly, Gavin; Melvin, Charles. (2008). History of Iran during the Afshar, Zand and Qajar periods, translated by Morteza Saqib Far, Tehran: Jami Publications. 4. Azghandi, Alireza (1995) The influence of Qajar elites on political and social developments, Middle East Quarterly Magazine, Number Six 5-Azghandi, Alireza. (1997). The ineffectiveness of Iran's political elites between the two revolutions, Tehran, Qoms Publishing. 6. Bashirieh, Hossein. (2014). History of political ideas in the 20th century, liberalism and conservatism, Tehran: Ney Publishing. 7. Bashirieh, Hossein and Karampour, Roza. (2004). Studying the rotation of elites in Iran during the Qajar period, Journal of Cultural Research, No. 10. 8. Dehghan Nejad, Morteza. (2004). Analysis of the fall of the Qajar dynasty with an approach to the theory of decline of the state of Ibn Khaldun, Isfahan University Faculty of Literature and Humanities Journal, second term, 36th and 37th issue, spring and summer. 9. Denbali, Abdul Razzaq Maftun. (2013). Mather Soltanieh, with the efforts of Firoz Mansouri, Tehran: Information Publications. 10. Etemad Al-Saltaneh, Mohammad Hasan Khan. (1988) Tariq Montazam Naseri, edited by Mohammad Ismail Rezvani, Tehran: Dunyai Ketab. 11. Etezad Al-Saltaneh, Mirza Aligholi. (1991). Exir al-Tawarikh, by Jamshid Kianfar, Tehran: Weissman Publishing. 12. Foran, Jan. (1998). Breaking Resistance: The History of Iran's Social Developments from the Safavid Period to the Years After the Islamic Revolution, translated by Ahmad Tadion, Tehran: Rasa Publishing. 13. Hedayat, Rezaguli Khan. (2001). The history of Rouza al-Safai Naseri, with the efforts of Jamshid Kianfar, Tehran: Nashr Asater. 14. Heravi, Javad. (2013). History of the Samanin, Golden Age of Iranian History, 4th edition, Tehran: Amir Kabir Publications. 15. Homayon Katouzian, Mohammad Ali. (2000). Government and society in Iran; Extinction of Qajar and establishment of Pahlavi, translated by Hassan Afshar, Tehran: Nashr Markaz. 16. Ibn Khaldoun, Abdul Rahman. (1957). Introduction to Ibn Khaldoun, translated by: Mohammad Parvin Gonabadi, Tehran: Book Translation and Publishing Company. 17. Joveini, Mohammad. (1999). Joveini's World History, edited by Mohammad Qazvini, Tehran: Dunyai Ketab. 18. Kohamrei, Zein Al-Abidin. (2005). The message of measures taken by the king and the minister in the affairs of Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar and his minister Haji Ibrahim Khan Kalantar Etimad al-Douleh, edited by 19-Mahin Dokht Hajian Pour, Tehran: University Publishing Markaz. 19. Mahmoud Mirza Qajar. (2010). History of Saheb-e-Quran, by the efforts of Nadereh Jalali, Tehran: Library, Museum and Document Center of the Islamic Council. 20. Moder shane Chi, Mohsen. (1994). Iran's history and elitist point of view, Negha No Quarterly, Farvardin and Ordibehesht. 21. Nafisi, Saeid. (1985). Social and political history of Iran in the contemporary period, Tehran: Sharq Press Institute. 22. Nasri, Albert. (1984). excerpts from Ibn Khaldun's introduction, translated by Mohammad Ali Sheikh, Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University Press. 23. Pareto, Wilfredo. (2016). Human stupidity, translated by Parviz Ajjali, Tehran: Ehsan publishing house. 24. Reza Qoli, Ali. (2004). Sociology of Self-Kamgi, Tehran: Nei Publishing. 25. Rush, Michael. (2008). Society and Politics, translated by Manouchehr Sabouri, Tehran: Samt Publications. 26. Saravi, Mohammad Taqi. (1992). Muhammadan history "Ahsan al-Tawarikh", edited by Gholamreza Tabatabaei Majd, Tehran: Amir Kabir Publications. 27. Zargari Sonqor, Hassan. (2019). Investigating the reasons for the rise and fall of the Qajar dynasty based on Ibn Khaldoun's approach, supervisor Mohsen Khalili and advisor Seyyed Hossein Athari, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad.