اثربخشی آموزش گروهی شفقت ورزی به خود بر افکارخودآیند منفی و خود انتقادگری مادران دارای کودکان 7 تا 14ساله مبتلا به اختلال بیش فعالی-نقص توجه
محورهای موضوعی : مشاورهپونه شفیعی ثابت 1 , فریبا سعیدپور 2 * , آزاده آرامی 3
1 - کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تنکابن، مازندران، ایران.
2 - کاندیدای دکترای تخصصی مشاوره، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
3 - کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات گیلان، گیلان، ایران
کلید واژه: افکارخودآیند منفی, خود انتقادگری, شفقت¬ورزی به خود, کودکان 7 تا 14 ساله, اختلال بیش فعالی- نقص توجه,
چکیده مقاله :
اختلال بیش‌فعالی-نقص‌توجه یکی از اختلالات شایع در دوران کودکی است که مشکلات فراوانی را برای خانواده‌ها ایجاد می-کند. هدف این پژوهش، تعیین اثربخشی آموزش گروهی شفقت‌ورزی به خود بر افکارخودآیند منفی و خودانتقادگری مادران دارای کودکان 7تا14 ساله مبتلا به اختلال بیش‌فعالی-نقص‌توجه بود. روش این پژوهش، نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش-آزمون، پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل و پیگیری سه‌ماهه بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه مادران دارای کودک مبتلا به اختلال بیش-فعالی-نقص‌توجه مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز مشاوره شهر لاهیجان در سال 1401بودند. 30نفر از آن‌ها با روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند و به‌صورت تصادفی در گروه‌های آزمایش(15نفر) و کنترل(15نفر) قرارگرفتند. گروه‌ها، پرسشنامه افکار خودآیند(Hollon & Kendall, 1980) و پرسشنامه سطوح خودانتقادگری, 2004) Thampson & Zarof)، را به عنوان ابزارهای پژوهش تکمیل نمودند. آموزش شفقت‌ورزی به‌خود برای گروه آزمایش طی 8جلسه90دقیقه‌ای اجرا شد و گروه کنترل، مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزارSPSS-22و با روش تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری‌مکرر و آزمون تعقیبی بنفرونی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرارگرفتند. یافته‌ها نشان داد بین گروه‌های آزمایش و کنترل پس از اجرای آموزش، تفاوت معنادار وجود دارد(05/0P<)؛ به‌طوریکه میانگین نمرات افکارخودآیند منفی و خودانتقادگری گروه آزمایش نسبت به گروه کنترل کاهش یافت. بنابراین پیشنهاد می‌شود که از رویکرد شفقت‌ورزی به‌خود به عنوان یکی از محورهای آموزش والدین، جهت کاهش افکارخودآیند منفی و خودانتقادگری مادران دارای کودکان مبتلا به اختلال بیش‌فعالی-نقص‌توجه استفاده شود.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is one of the common disorders in childhood that causes many problems for families. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of self-compassion group training on negative automatic thoughts and self-criticism in mothers of children aged 7 to 14 with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. A quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test with control group and three-month follow-up was used in this research. The statistical population consisted of all mothers with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder’ child who referred to counseling centers of Lahijan city in 2022. 30 of them were selected by available sampling method and randomly divided into experimental(15people) and Control groups(15people). The groups completed Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (Hollon & Kendall, 1980) and Levels of Self-criticism Questionnaire (Thampson & Zarof, 2004) as a research tools. During 8sessions of 90minutes, self-compassion training was performed for experimental group, and control group didn't receive any intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS-22 software with the method of repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test. Findings showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups after the implementation of training (P<0.05); So that the mean score of negative automatic thoughts and self-criticism of the experimental group decreased compared to control group. Therefore, it is suggested to use self-compassion approach as one of the axes of parent education to reduce negative automatic thoughts and self-criticism in mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
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