اثربخشی آموزش ذهنآگاهی بر تصویر بدن، تکانشگری و سازگاری اجتماعی دختران نوجوان چاق 14-18 سال
محورهای موضوعی : تربیتی
مریم سپیانی
1
,
ملیحه سادات کاظمی
2
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی نجف آباد، اصفهان، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی نجف آباد، اصفهان، ایران
کلید واژه: تصویر بدن, سازگاری اجتماعی, تکانشگری, چاقی, ذهنآگاهی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش، تعیین میزان اثربخشی آموزش ذهنآگاهی بر تصویر بدن، تکانشگری و سازگاری اجتماعی در دختران چاق بود. روش پژوهش، نیمهآزمایشی، پیش آزمون-پس آزمون همراه با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری، دختران نوجوان چاق شهرستان نجف آباد در نیمه اول سال 1397 بود. ابتدا تعداد 30 نفر از دانش آموزان دختر مقطع متوسطه 1 و2 با دامنه سنی 14 تا 18 سال که بر طبق معیار شاخص توده بدنی (BMI) چاق محسوب می‌شدند، بصورت هدفمند انتخاب و سپس بطور تصادفی در دو گروه کنترل و آزمایش (هرگروه 15نفر) جایگزین شدند. هر دو گروه سه پرسشنامه روابط چندبعدی بدن (Cash, 1990)، پرسشنامه تکانشگری بارت (Patton,Stanford & Barratt,1995) و پرسشنامه سازگاری اجتماعی کالیفرنیا (Thorpe, Clark & Tiegs, 1939) را قبل از آموزش تکمیل نمودند. سپس گروه آزمایش تحت آموزش ذهنآگاهی (8جلسه‌ی 90 دقیقه‌ای) قرار گرفت و گروه کنترل هیچ مداخله ای دریافت نکرد. بعد از اتمام آموزش، پرسشنامه ها توسط هر دو گروه تکمیل شد. داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزارSPSS 21 با تحلیل کوواریانس تجزیه و تحلیل شد. یافته ها نشان داد که بین گروه های آزمایش و کنترل در متغیرهای تصویر بدن، تکانشگری و سازگاری اجتماعی تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت (01/0 P<). همچنین مقایسه میانگین ها در نمرات پس آزمون مولفه گرایش ضد اجتماعی، نشان داد که گروه آزمایش نمرات بالاتری را نسبت به گروه کنترل کسب کرده است و نشان می دهد که گروه آزمایش بعد از آموزش ذهن آگاهی، در مولفه گرایش ضد اجتماعی، سازگاری و عملکرد بهتری داشته است. بنابراین آموزش ذهنآگاهی می‌تواند در بهبود تصویر بدن، تکانشگری و سازگاری اجتماعی دختران نوجوان چاق موثر واقع شود.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mindfulness training on body image, impulsivity and social adjustment in obese girls in Najafabad city. The research method was quasi-experimental, pre-test and post-test with control group. And the Statistical population, was all the obese girls at the first half of 1397 in Najafabad city . At first, 30 female high school students in grade 1 and 2 with a range of 14 to 18 years old who were considered obese according to the body mass index (BMI) were selected purposefully. Then they were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (each group was 15). Both groups answered to three questionnaires before training: Multidimensional Body Relationships, (Cache, 1990), Barratt impulsivity Inventory, (Patton, Stanford & Barratt, 1995) and California Social Adaptation Inventory (Thorpe, Clark & Tiegs, 1939). The experimental group underwent mindfulness training (8 sessions; 90 minutes) and after completing the training, the questionnaires were completed by both groups. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance with SPSS 21 software. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in body image, impulsivity and social adjustment (P <0.01). Also, a comparison of the scores in the post-test scores of the antisocial orientation component showed that the experimental group obtained higher scores than the control group and showed that the experimental group, after training the mindfulness training, in the anti-antithesis component. It has had better social, adaptability and performance. Therefore, Mindfulness training can be effective in improving body image, impulsivity and social adaptability.
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