بررسی حالات خلقی و رفتاری کودکان دبستانی با اختلال کمبود توجه- بیش‌فعالی در دوران شیوع کرونا: مطالعه‌ای کیفی
محورهای موضوعی : کودک
زینب نوروزی زاد
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مرجان ترک زاده
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علیرضا بخشایش
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1 - کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی عمومی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.
2 - کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی عمومی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.
3 - دانشیار روانشناسی بالینی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.
کلید واژه: کرونا, حالات خلقی, دبستانی, رفتاری, کودکان بیش‌فعال,
چکیده مقاله :
با شیوع ویروس کرونا، تعطیل شدن مدارس و محدود شدن کودکان در خانه به دلیل کاهش امکان تخلیه هیجانی، بازی و سرگرمی و محدودیت در استفاده از شرایط درمانی و بهداشتی، چالش‌های زیادی برای کودکان بیش‌فعال به وجود آمده است. با توجه به اهمیت این موضوع، هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی حالات خلقی و رفتاری در کودکان دبستانی با اختلال کمبود توجه/ بیش‌فعالی، در دوران شیوع کرونا بود. این پژوهش مطالعه‌ای کیفی از نوع پدیدارشناسی بود که جامعۀ آماری آن را مادران کودکان بیش‌فعال ساکن شهر گلدشت اصفهان تشکیل دادند. در این مطالعه 15 نفر از مادران کودکان بیش‌فعال، با روش نمونه‌گیری گلوله‌برفی انتخاب شدند. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از روش مصاحبۀ نیمه ساختاریافته استفاده شد و این روند تا مرحلۀ اشباع داده‌ها ادامه یافت و در نهایت داده‌ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل پدیدارشناسی ون منن تجزیه وتحلیل شد. مضامین به‌دست‌آمده شامل 8 مقولۀ اصلی سستی و عدم انگیزه، کاهش کنترل هیجانی، تأثیر انگیختگی روانی مادر، مشکلات محیطی، کاهش تفریح و بازی، افت پیشرفت تحصیلی، تغییرات در میزان خواب و تغذیه و کاهش تعاملات اجتماعی بود. نتایج یافته‌ها نشان‌دهندۀ تشدید علائم بیش‌فعالی در دوران شیوع کروناست. با توجه به یافته‌ها، این پژوهش در شناخت بیشتر عوامل تأثیرگذار بر اختلال بیش‌فعالی، می‌تواند راهگشا باشد.
With the Coronavirus outbreak, closure of schools and the restriction of children to the house, several challenges have been encountered due to fewer possibilities of releasing excitement, playing, entertainment and limited use of therapeutic and hygienic facilities. Loss of daily routine life and social interaction can act as potentially dangerous factors in regards with mental health problems, and exacerbate ADHD symptoms. Due to the significance of this matter, the goal of this study was to examine the behavioral, communicational, and environmental conditions in primary school children with ADHD during the Covid-19 outbreak. This project was a qualitative study of the phenomenology type in which statistical population consisted of mothers of hyperactive children living in Goldasht, Isfahan. in this study 15 mothers with hyperactive children were chosen in a targeted manner with the snowball sampling method. Data was collected using the semi-structured interview method, and this procedure continued to the point of data saturation and finally, the data were analyzed using the Van Manen Phenomenology Data Analysis method. The obtained contents consist of the following eight main items: lethargy and lack of motivation, decreased control of excitement, mental affect arousal of the mother, environmental problems, reduced fun and games, slumping in educational progress, changes in the amount of sleeping and eating, and reduction in social interactions.The obtained results show an exacerbation of ADHD symptoms during the Corona outbreak. According to the results, this project can facilitate better understanding of the factors affecting hyperactivity.
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