اثربخشی هنردرمانی بر پایۀ نقاشی، بر اختلال اضطراب عمومی و ترس از آسیب فیزیکی در دانش‌آموزان پسر پایۀ چهارم دبستان
محورهای موضوعی : تربیتی
اکرم پاکزادمقدم
1
(کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی عمومی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی بخش روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر. کرمان. ایران.)
قاسم عسکری زاده
2
(دانشیاربخش روان شناسی دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر. کرمان. ایران.)
مسعود باقری
3
(دانشیاربخش روان شناسی دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر. کرمان. ایران.)
کلید واژه: نقاشی‌درمانی, ترس از آسیب فیزیکی, هنردرمانی, دانش‌آموزان پسر پایۀ چهارم, اضطراب عمومی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش بررسی اثر بخشی هنردرمانی بر پایۀ نقاشی، بر اختلال اضطراب عمومی و ترس از آسیب فیزیکی در دانش‌آموزان دبستانی بود. طرح پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی از نوع پیش‌آزمون – پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعۀ آماری کلیۀ دانش‌آموزان پسر پایۀ چهارم ابتدایی شهر کرمان در سال 97-96 بودند. از روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای چند مرحله‌ای استفاده گردید و از بین دبستان‌های پسرانۀ شهر کرمان تصادفاً سه مدرسه انتخاب و سپس نمونه‌گیری شد. 47 دانش‌آموز که بر اساس پرسشنامۀ اضطرب (Spence, 1998)نمرۀ اضطراب بالایی داشتند انتخاب شدند و در نهایت پس از همتاسازی بر اساس نمرات اضطراب، 30 دانش‌آموز ، به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه 15 نفرۀ آزمایش و کنترل قرار گرفتند. جلسات هنردرمانی بر پایۀ نقاشی، بر روی دانش‌آموزان گروه آزمایش طی 12 جلسۀ 90 دقیقه‌ای به صورت دو روز در هفته اجرا شد. دانش‌آموزان گروه کنترل در این مدت هیچ آموزشی دریافت نکردند. در پایان مداخله، پرسشنامۀ اضطراب (Spence, 1998) بر روی دانش‌آموزان دو گروه اجرا شد. داده با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که هنردرمانی بر پایۀ نقاشی، باعث کاهش اختلال اضطراب عمومی و ترس از آسیب فیزیکی در دانش‌آموزان دبستانی شده است.0/05) (p<
The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of art therapy based on Drawing on general anxiety disorder and Physical injury fears in primary school students. This research was a semi-experimental, pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population included all fourth grade elementary school boys in Kerman in 1396-97. Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used and three schools were randomly selected from among the boys' primary schools in Kerman. Then sampling was done. Forty-seven students with high anxiety scores were selected based on the Anxiety Inventory (Spence, 1998). Finally, after matching based on anxiety scores, 30 students were randomly divided into experimental and control groups of 15 people. Drawing art therapy was performed on the students of the experimental group during 12 sessions of 90 minutes, two days a week. Students in the control group did not receive any training during this period. At the end of the intervention, anxiety inventory were performed on the students of the two groups. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results showed that art therapy based Drawing reduced general anxiety disorder and fear of physical harm in primary school students (p <0/05).
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