Building Teacher Immunity: Predictive Role of Emotional Intelligence and Self-Efficacy in Iranian Female EFL Teachers
Subject Areas : Second Language EducationFarhad Khabazian 1 , Seyyed Hossein Kashef 2
1 - Researcher and MA in TEFL
2 - English Language Department, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Self-Efficacy, Teacher Immunity, Female EFL Teachers, Interview,
Abstract :
Teacher Immunity, Self-Efficacy and Emotional Intelligence are key factors that influence the performance of EFL instructors. This research was a survey study which investigated the relationship between self-efficacy, emotional intelligence and teacher immunity among female EFL teachers. The research also explored whether instructors’ self-efficacy and emotional intelligence can predict their teacher immunity. This study involved a convenience sample of 211 female EFL teachers from Iranian EFL contexts. The participants were chosen from different English Language Institutes. The age of the participants ranged from 19 to 28. The findings indicated a positive relationship between instructors’ emotional intelligence and their teacher immunity, as well as a positive relationship between self-efficacy and teacher immunity among female EFL teachers. Furthermore, emotional intelligence and self-efficacy of EFL teachers can predict their teacher immunity in educational contexts. The findings of the study can aid female EFL teachers to build defense mechanisms in order to protect their overall well-being and their teacher immunity in Iranian EFL contexts.
Abiodullah, M., & Aslam, M. (2020). Emotional Intelligence as a Predictor of Teacher Engagement in Classroom. Bulletin of Education and Research, 42(1), 127-140.
Aminoleslami, M. (2021). Iranian EFL Teachers’ Interdependence between Emotional Intelligence and Teacher Pedagogy: A Qualitative Case Study (Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University).
Amiri, A. (2020). The role of school atmosphere and emotional intelligence in the entrepreneurial self-efficacy of female students in Mashhad vocational schools. Management and Educational Perspective, 1(2), 15-36.
Arslan, F. Y., & ALMACIOĞLU, G. (2024). Teaching Immunity of Language Teachers: A Reflective Approach. Participatory Educational Research, 11(1), 89-104.
Ary, D., Jacobs, L. C., Irvine, C. K. S., & Walker, D. (2018). Introduction to research in education. Cengage Learning
Beyranvand, S., & Mohamadi Zenouzagh, Z. (2021). Teacher immunity, technological pedagogical content knowledge, and teacher engagement: contributing factors and relations. SN Social Sciences, 1(9), 241.
Burić, I., & Kim, L. E. (2020). Teacher self-efficacy, instructional quality, and student motivational beliefs: An analysis using multilevel structural equation modeling. Learning and Instruction, 66, 101302.
Darmawati, D. (2024). IMPLEMENTATION OF LESSON PLAN WITH ZONE PROXIMA DEVELOPMENT AT MI ALAM ALI THAIBAH CIBITUNG BEKASI. NUSRA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Ilmu Pendidikan, 5(1), 380-393.
Derakhshan, A., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., & Ortega Martín, J. L. (2023). Towards innovative research approaches to investigating the role of emotional variables in promoting language teachers’ and learners’ mental health.
Dörnyei, Z. (2007). Research methods in applied linguistics: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methodologies. Oxford University Press.
Fackler, S., Malmberg, L. E., & Sammons, P. (2021). An international perspective on teacher self-efficacy: personal, structural and environmental factors. Teaching and Teacher Education, 99, 103255.
Fathi, J., & Derakhshan, A. (2019). Teacher self-efficacy and emotional regulation as predictors of teaching stress: An investigation of Iranian English language teachers. Teaching English Language, 13(2), 117-143.
García-Álvarez, D., Hernández-Lalinde, J., & Cobo-Rendón, R. (2021). Emotional intelligence and academic self-efficacy in relation to the psychological well-being of university students during COVID-19 in Venezuela. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 759701.
Gooran, M., Soleimani, H., Alavi, M., & Jafarigohar, M. (2023). EFL teachers’ immunity: a case of online language teaching. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 44(10), 908-927.
Haseli Songhori, M., Ghonsooly, B., & Afraz, S. (2018). Language teacher immunity among Iranian EFL teachers: A self-organization perspective. Iranian Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 7(1), 128-143.
Hassanpour Souderjani, R., Heidari Darani, L., & Hosseinpour, N. (2021). Life satisfaction and empathy in Iranian EFL teachers: a correlational study. International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching and Research, 9(38), 103-122.
Hatch, E. M., & Lazaraton, A. (1991). The research manual: Design and statistics for applied linguistics. Newbury House Publishers.
Hiver, P. (2017). Tracing the signature dynamics of language teacher immunity: A retrodictive qualitative modeling study. The Modern Language Journal, 101(4), 669-690.
Khazaeenezhad, B., & Davoudinasab, M. (2022). The Relationship Between Language Teacher Immunity and Personality Type of Iranian EFL Teachers. Research in English Language Pedagogy, 10(3), 490-516.
Lesha, J. (2017). Gender Differences in Primary School Teachers’ Self0Efficacy Beliefs. European Journal of education studies.
Namaziandost, E., & Heydarnejad, T. (2023). Mapping the association between productive immunity, emotion regulation, resilience, and autonomy in higher education. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 8(1), 33.
Noughabi, M. A., Amirian, S. M. R., Adel, S. M. R., & Zareian, G. (2020). The association of experienced in-service EFL teachers’ immunity with engagement, emotions, and autonomy. Current Psychology, 1-10.
Perera, H. N., & John, J. E. (2020). Teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs for teaching math: Relations with teacher and student outcomes. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 61, 101842.
Rahimpour, H., Amirian, S. M. R., Adel, S. M. R., & Zareian, G. R. (2020). A model of the factors predicting English language teacher immunity: A path analysis. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 10(1), 73-83.
Rahmati, T., Sadeghi, K., & Ghaderi, F. (2019). English as a foreign language teacher immunity: An integrated reflective practice. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching Research, 7(3 (Special Issue)), 91-107.
Rezapoor, F., & Mohammadzadeh, A. (2024). Investigating the Relationship between Teacher Resilience, Teacher Immunity and Emotional Intelligence among Iranian EFL Teachers. Research in English Language Pedagogy, 12(1), 77-97.
Saad, M., Ong, M. H. A., Ali, A. M., & Yulinda, E. (2024). Consciousness and Transcendence Effects the Emotional Quotient and Teaching Quality. Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, 9(28).
Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9, 185-211.
Sariçoban, A., & Kirmizi, Ö. (2021). Language Teacher Immunity: Insights from Turkey. International Online Journal of Education and Teaching, 8(2), 1172-1189.
Sherer, M., Maddux, J. E., Mercandante, B., Prentice-Dunn, S., Jacobs, B., & Rogers, R. W. (1982). The Self-Efficacy Scale: Construction and validation. Psychological Reports, 51, 663-671.
Tonguç, G. (2024). Effect of distance education courses held in different environments on emotions of the instructor. Plos one, 19(1), e0295935.
Wang, L. (2022). Exploring the relationship among teacher emotional intelligence, work engagement, teacher self-efficacy, and student academic achievement: A moderated mediation model. Frontiers in psychology, 12, 810559.
Wen, Y., Chen, H., Pang, L., & Gu, X. (2020). The relationship between emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial self-efficacy of Chinese vocational college students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4511.
Wray, E., Sharma, U., & Subban, P. (2022). Factors influencing teacher self-efficacy for inclusive education: A systematic literature review. Teaching and Teacher Education, 117, 103800.
Ye, X., Ahmad, N. A., Burhanuddin, N. A. N., Na, M., & Li, D. (2024). Preschool Teachers’ Emotional Competence and Teacher Self-Efficacy towards Preschool Performance in Zhejiang Province of China. Behavioral Sciences, 14(4), 280.
Zhi, R., fatjh, Y., & Wang, Y. (2023). The role of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy in EFL teachers’ technology adoption. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 1-12.