تحلیل نقش پول انتقالی مهاجران روستایی بر تغییر وضعیت اقتصادی و رفاه خانواده های آنان ( مطالعه موردی: دهستان میانکاله، شهرستان بهشهر)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی روستایی و عشایری
زهرا شریفی نیا
1
(استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی گردشگری، واحد ساری، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران)
کلید واژه: "مهاجرت", "پول انتقالی", "دهستان میانکاله""شهرستان بهشهر",
چکیده مقاله :
در ادبیات مربوط به مهاجرت، به علت مهاجرت، بیش تر توجه شده و به اثرات مثبت آن بر رفاه و اقتصاد در مبدا و مقصد خانوارها چندان توجه نشده است، بنابراین نظر به عدم توجه کافی به این موضوع در کشور، مقاله حاضر به بررسی نقش پول انتقالی مهاجران روستایی بر بهبود وضعیت اقتصادی و رفاه خانواده های آنان در دهستان میانکاله(شهرستان بهشهر) به عنوان یکی از اثرات مثبت مهاجرت جامعه مبدا می پردازد. روش تحقیق بر اساس هدف کاربردی و بر حسب روش توصیفی، زمینه یابی و ابزار گردآوری داده ها پرسشنامه بوده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق را جمعیت روستاهایی از دهستان میانکاله تشکیل می دهند که طی دهه های 95-1385 یک دوره کاهش نرخ رشد جمعیت را به دلیل مهاجرت های روستایی سپری کرده اند. با استفاده از فرمول کوکران به روش تصادفی ساده 378 خانوار دارای مهاجر به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آمار توصیفی(میانگین، انحراف معیار) و آمار استنباطی(آزمون t تک نمونه ای و ویلکاکسون) استفاده گردید. یافته ها نشان می دهد که از یک سو میزان رضایت خانوارهای دارای مهاجر از وضعیت درآمد و سرمایه گذاری در قبل و بعد از مهاجرت در سطح خطای کوچک تر از 01/0 تفاوت معنی داری دارد، و از سوی دیگر تاثیر مثبت پول انتقالی مهاجران بر تغییر وضعیت اقتصادی و رفاه خانواده های آنان از حد متوسط به بالاست.
In immigration literature due to immigration more attention has been paid to its positive effects on the welfare and economy of the origin and destination of the households. This paper examines the role of remittances on the Change in the Economic Situation and the Welfare of Their Families of Miankaleh as one of the positive effects of immigration on the development of the community of origin. The research methodology is based on the purpose of the applied research and is based on descriptive method. he data collection tool was a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consisted of the population of the villages of Miankaleh. Using the Cochrane formula 378 immigrant households were selected as samples. To analyze the data descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used. Findings show that the satisfaction of immigrant households varies from income status before and after immigration, Also he impact of migrants' transfer money on increasing the willingness of the rural community improving the level of Economic Situation and the Welfare of their families is moderate to high
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