تحلیل جغرافیایی بر نقش سرمایه اجتماعی در کیفیت زندگی خانوارهای عشایری ( مطالعه موردی: ایل نوئی، طایفه زیلایی، شهرستان چرام، کهکیلویه و بویراحمد)

محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای

سروش سنایی مقدم ¹ (دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران)
بهروز محمدی یگانه ² (دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/08/29 تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/12/25 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/06/01

کلید واژه: اعتماد اجتماعی, توسعه انسانی, مشارکت, انسجام اجتماعی, استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد,

چکیده مقاله :

جوامع عشایری به‌عنوان جامعه سوم کشور از نظر جمعیتی بعد از جوامع شهری و روستایی، نقش مهم و بسزایی در توسعه اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی کشور دارد. وجود سرمایه اجتماعی می‌باشد. وجود سرمایه اجتماعی مطلوب در این جوامع بر جنبه های مختلف زندگی عشایر تاثیرگذار بوده که یکی از این جنبه ها کیفیت زندگی است. سؤالی که در این زمینه مطرح می‌شود این است، بین سرمایه اجتماعی و کیفیت زندگی در نواحی عشایری موردمطالعه چه رابطه‌ای وجود دارد؟ هدف پژوهش حاضر تحلیل جغرافیایی بر نقش سرمایه اجتماعی در کیفیت زندگی خانوارهای عشایری در محدوده مورد مطالعه می‌باشد. روشتحقیق توصیفی- تحلیلی می‌باشد. نوع تحقیق کاربردی می‌باشد روش گردآوری اطلاعات به‌صورت کتاب‌خانه‌ای و میدانی (پرسشنامه و مصاحبه)، جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل اطلاعات از آمار توصیفی (میانگین، انحراف معیار و واریانس) و آمار استنباطی (ضریب همبستگی، تحلیل مسیر و کای دو) استفاده‌شده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق، تمامی خانوارهای عشایر ایل نوئی می‌باشد، در سرشماری نفوس و مسکن سال 1390، ایل نوئی دارای 7 روستای دارای سکنه، 4450 نفر جمعیت و 1105 خانوار بوده است. طبق فرمول کوکران، تعداد نمونه لازم جهت تکمیل پرسشنامه 138 خانوار به دست آمد. همچنین انتخاب خانوارها در سطح عشایر، به‌صورت تصادفی ساده است تا اصل فرصت برابر به‌منظور انتخاب خانوارها رعایت شده باشد. نتایج تحقیق نشان می دهد بین سرمایه اجتماعی و کیفیت زندگی خانوارهای عشایر رابطه مستقیم و معنی داری وجود دارد. بررسی ها نشان می دهد، وجود مشارکت اجتماعی که در غالب مراسم های مختلف انجام می شود مهم ترین بعد سرمایه اجتماعی موثر بر کیفیت زندگی خانوارهای عشایر می باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Tribal communities as a third community of the country has a significant role in the development of economic, social and cultural development of the country, in terms of population after urban and rural communities. The existence of favorable social capital in these communities has affected on the various aspects of tribal life which one of these aspects is the quality of life. The question that arises in this regard is what is the relationship between social capital and quality of life in tribal areas? The objective of this study is the Geographical analysis of the social capital role in the tribal households' quality of life within the studied area. The method of this study was descriptive-analytical and its type is applied. Data collection was done through field study and library (questionnaire and interview). For data analysis, descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation and variance) and inferential statistics (correlation Coefficient, regression analysis, and chi-square) were used. The population of this study were all tribal families of Il-Noei. In population and housing census in 2011, Il-Noei had 7 inhabited villages, 4450 population and 1105 households. Based on Cochran formula, the number of 138 required samples were obtained to complete the questionnaire of households. Also selection of the tribal households, was simply randomly till principle of equal opportunity for selection of households to be observed. The results of the research show that there is a direct and significant relationship between the social capital and the quality of life of the tribal families. Studies show that the existence of social participation, which is performed at various ceremonies, is the most important dimension of social capital affecting the tribal households' quality of life.

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