A Case Study of Performance Improvement of Femur Prosthesis

Subject Areas : Structural Engineering

Leila Shahryari ¹ , Behtash JavidSharifi ² , Mehdi Dabaghmanesh ³

1 - Associate Professor, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch
2 - Construction Superintendent, Design & Development Department, Fars Regional Electric Company
3 - M.Sc. of Structural Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch

Received: 2018-12-04 Accepted : 2019-03-15 Published : 2020-12-01

Keywords: Finite Element Analysis, Femur, Artificial prosthesis, Geometric modeling,

Abstract :

Nowadays, the placement of artificial prostheses in human skeleton, etc. is common due to different reasons such as fractures or deficiencies. Prostheses are structures that assist the performance of organs by reconstruction of some body parts through different methods to enable the organ to re-obtain its performance completely or partially and, since the use of external prostheses might lead to issues such as severe traumas, slow recovery and imposition of enormous hospital costs on the patient, therefore, use of internal prostheses can be an effective method for accelerating the process of improvement for the patient. By using CT-scan photos of a 54-year-old man weighing 60 kg and with a femur length of 36 centimeters, and also using a titanium prosthesis with diameters equaling 9 and 13 mm along with screws with diameters of 4 mm whose placement are with angles of ±4, ±4 and ±36 degrees, the geometry of the model has been provided and the model has been analyzed through the finite element method. Results indicated that in case of using the prosthesis with the diameter of 13 mm and screws of 4 mm with angle of +36, the least stress will be imposed on the bone and prosthesis.

References:

1. Zakeri, N., “Optimization of the femoral prosthesis by finite element method and numerical optimization”, Mechanical Engineering MSc. Thesis, Sharif University of Technology, 2004.


2. Ashknani, H., “Reliability analysis of artificial femoral joint prosthesis”, Mechanical Engineering MSc. Thesis, Sharif University of Technology, 2004.


3. Rajaei, M., “General Biomechanics”, Publications of Iran University of Science and Technology Press, 2002.


4. Amstutz, H.C., “Hip arthroplasty”, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Publications, Churchill Livingstone, 1992.


5. Cameron, H.U., “Bone implant Interface”, Mosby-Year Book Inc. U.S.A, 1994.


6. Carter, C.D., Hayes, W.C., "The compressive bone as a two-phase porous structure”, Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Vol. 59, No. 7, pp. 954-962, 1977.


7. Cowin, S.C., “Bone Mechanics” handbook, CRC press.


8. Cowin, S.C., Salentijn, M. and Moss, M.L., "Candidate for the mechano-sensory system in bone", Journal of Biomechanics, Vol. 113, pp. 191-197, 1991.


9. Cowin S.C., Van Buskrik, W.C. and Ashman, R.B., Handbook of Bioengineering, Chapter 2. "Properties of bone", Editors: Skalak, R., Chien, S., McGraw-Hill, U.S.A, 1987.


10. Crenshaw, A.H., "Campbell’s Operative Orthopedics" U.S.A., 1991.


11. Ganong, W.F., Review of Medical Physiology, 15^th edition, Prenitice Hall International Inc., U.S.A, 1991.


12. Gross, S. and Abel, E.W., “Finite element analysis of hollow stemmed hip prostheses as a means of reducing stress shielding of the femur”, Journal of Biomechanics, 34, 995-1003, 2001.


13. Halder, A. and Mahadervan, S., “Reliability assessment using stochastic finite element analysis”, John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2004.


14. Huikes R. and Boeklagen R., "Mathematical shape Optimization of Hip prosthesis Design", Journal of Biomechanics, pp. 22, 793-804, 1989.


15. Katoozian, H.  and Dwight T. Davy, "Effect of loading conditions and objective function on three-dimensional shape optimization of femoral components of hip endoprostheses", Medical Engineering & Physics 22, pp. 243-251, 2000.


16. Katz, J.L. and Meunier, A., "The elastic anisotropy of bone", Journal of Biomechanics, Vol. 20, No. 11/12, PP. 1163-1070, 1987.


17. Kim, D.G., Miller, M.A. and Mann, K.A., "Creep dominates tensile fatigue damage of the cement-bone interface”, Journal of Orthopedic Research, 22(3), pp. 633-640, 2004.


18. Nuno, N. and Avanzolini, G., “Residual stress at the stem-cement interface of an idealized cemented hip stem”, Journal of Biomechanics, 35, pp. 849-852, 2002.


19. Pawlikowski, M., Skalski, K. and Haraburda, M., "Process of hip Prosthesis design including bone remodeling phenomenon", Computers and Structures, Vol. 81, pp. 887-893, 2003.


20. Pope, M.H. and Water, J.O., "Mechanical properties of bone as a function of position and orientation", Journal of Biomechanics. Vol. 7, pp. 61-66, 1974.


21. Rho, J.Y., Ashman, R.B. and Turner, C.H., "Young's modulus of trabecular and cortical bone material: ultrasonic and microtensile measurements", Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 111-119, 1993.


22.  Stolk, J., Verdonschot, N., Murphy, B.P., Prendergast, P. and Huiskes, R., "Finite element simulation of anisotropic damage accumulation and creep in acrylic bone cement”, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 22, pp. 243-251, 2000.


23. Viceconti, M., "Wright Medical Technology" Laboratorio di Tecnologia Medica – Istituti Ortopedici Rizzoli, ITALY, [e-mail].


24. Yong S.Y., Gun H.J. and Young Y.K., "Shape optimal design of the stem of a cemented hip prosthesis to minimize stress concentration in the cement layer", Journal of Biomechanics Vol. 22, pp. 1279-1284, 1989.


25. Ghasemi, S.H., Kalantari, H., Abdulahi, S.S. and Nowak, A.S. (2019), “Fatigue reliability analysis for medial tibial stress syndrome” Materials Science & Engineering C, in press (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.076).