بررسی توسعه صنعتی شهر تهران و ارزیابی پیامدهای اجتماعی آن از دیدگاه شهروندان
محورهای موضوعی : آلودگی هوا
عباس نوروززاده مغانلو
1
,
مرضیه موغلی
2
,
احمد علی خرم بخت
3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری جغرافيا، واحد لارستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، لارستان، ایران.
2 - دانشيار گروه جغرافيا، واحد لارستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، لارستان، ایران. * (مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - استادیارگروه جغرافيا، واحد لارستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، لارستان، ایران
کلید واژه: توسعه صنعتی, اثرات اجتماعی, شهر تهران.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: توسعه چه در مقیاسی کوچک باشد و چه در سطحی وسیع اجرا شود، تغییراتی را در اجتماع محلی ایجاد میکند و تأثیر مستقیمی بر روی زندگی مردم دارد. اقدامات توسعهای زمانی به اهداف خود دست مییابند که جنبههای اجتماعی در کنار ملاحظات اقتصادی قرار گیرند. به این ترتیب هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیرات اجتماعی توسعه صنعتی تهران در ابعاد مختلف میباشد.
روش بررسی: روش تحقیق این پژوهش با توجه به ماهیت و اهداف آن، توصیفی – تحلیلی و یک بررسی کاربردی است. برای بررسی فرضیات تحقیق از روش آماری t تک نمونه ای و همچنین برای وزن دهی ابعاد از متد AHP و نرم افزار Expert choice، استفاده شد. جامعه آماري اين پژوهش در بخش پيمايشي، تمامي شهروندان بالاي ١٨ سال ساكن در شهر تهران بود. حجم نمونه آماري پژوهش (384نفر) با استفاده از فرمول کوکران به صورت تصادفی ساده تعیین و به تناسب جمعیت مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
یافته ها: یافتههای پژوهش بر اساس تحلیل آزمون t تک نمونهای نشان داده شد که از 6 بعد مورد بررسی مربوط به شاخص اجتماعی اثرات توسعه صنعتی، 4 بعد آلودگی محیط زیست (59/3)، حاشیه نشنی (41/3)، اسکان غیررسمی (48/3) و مصرف گرایی (38/3) به دلیل آنکه مقدار میانگین شان بیشتر از 3 (حد وسط) و سطح معناداری کمتر 05/0 بوده از توسعه صنعتی متاثر شده و با توسعه صنعتی رابطه معناداری دارند اما دو بعد دیگر نابرابری اجتماعی و شهرنشینی به دلیل بزرگتر بودن سطح معناداریشان از 05/0 دارای رابطه معناداری با توسعه صنعتی نیستند.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: توسعه صنعتی در تهران باعث افزایش مهاجرت، حاشیه‌نشینی، آسیبهای اجتماعی، آلودگی محیط زیست و افزایش جرم و جنایت در بخش‌های حاشیه‌نشینی شهر تهران شده است.
Background and Objective: Whether the development is implemented on a small scale or on a large scale, it creates changes in the local community and has a direct impact on people's lives. Development measures achieve their goals when social aspects are placed next to economic considerations. In this way, the main goal of the present study is to investigate the social effects of Tehran's industrial development in different aspects.
Material and Methodology: The research method of this study is descriptive-analytical and a practical study according to its nature and goals. One-sample t-statistics method was used to check research hypotheses, and AHP method and Expert choice software were used to weight the aspects. The statistical population of this research in the survey section was all citizens over 18 years old living in Tehran. The statistical sample size of the research (384 people) was determined using Cochran's formula in a simple random manner and was investigated according to the population.
Findings: The research findings based on the one-sample t-test analysis showed that out of the 6 investigated aspects related to the social index of the effects of industrial development, 4 environmental pollution aspects (3.59), marginalization (3.41), informal settlement (3.48) and consumerism (3.38) because their average value is more than 3 (median) and the significance level is less than 0.05 are affected by industrial development and have a significant relationship with industrial development. But the other two aspects of social inequality and urbanization do not have a significant relationship with industrial development due to their significance level being greater than 0.05.
Discussion and Conclusion: Industrial development in Tehran has caused an increase in immigration, marginalization, social damage, environmental pollution and crime in the marginal parts of Tehran.
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