ارزیابی ریسک تهاجمی گونه غیربومی اردک ماندارین Aix Galericulata (Linnaeus, 1758) در ایران
محورهای موضوعی : محیط زیستغزاله میرباذل 1 , محمد کابلی 2 * , سید داریوش مقدس 3
1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد رشته علوم محیط زیست، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.
2 - استاد گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.
3 - رئیس اداره زيستگاه‌ها و امور مناطق، اداره كل حفاظت محيط زيست استان مازندران، ساري، ايران.
کلید واژه: ارزیابی ریسک, تغییرات اقلیم, تطابق اقلیمی, پرندگان مهاجم, مدل AS-ISK.,
چکیده مقاله :
گونه‌های غیربومی مهاجم تهدیدی جدی برای تنوع زیستی محسوب می شوند. این گونه‌ها توان بالایی برای ایجاد پیامدهای بوم‌شناسی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی در منطقه‌هایی که معرفی شده‌اند، دارند. در این پژوهش هدف، ارزیابی ریسک مهاجم شدن احتمالی اردک ماندارین در بوم‌سازگان‌های آبی ایران است. از مدل ارزیابی ریسک تهاجمی گونه‌های آبزی AS-ISK برای شناسایی توان مهاجم شدن احتمالی اردک ماندارین در بوم‌سازگان‌های آبی در ایران استفاده شد. ارزیابی توسط دو ارزیاب صورت پذیرفت. جهت بررسی میزان تطابق اقلیمی بین زیستگاه اصلی و زیستگاه معرفی شده از مدل Climatch و برای حدآستانه مدل AS-ISK از متوسط حدآستانه جهانی آن استفاده شد. نتیجه اجرای مدل AS-ISK، نمره پیامد ارزیابی اصلی 5/6 بود که از میانگین جهانی حدآستانه مدل کمتر بوده و بیانگر آن است که اردک ماندارین توان مهاجم شدن در بوم‌سازگان‌های ایران در شرایط فعلی را ندارد، ولی توان تهاجمی آن در رده متوسط قرار گرفته است. تطابق اقلیمی بین زیستگاه اصلی اردک ماندارین و منطقه ارزیابی ریسک با استفاده از مدل Climatch عدد صفر به‌دست آمد که بیانگر تطابق اقلیمی پایین است. در نتیجه، گونه پرنده غیربومی اردک ماندارین با توان تهاجمی متوسط در زیستگاه‌های حساس و حفاظت‌شده و تالاب‌های بین‌المللی ایران نیاز به پایش، مدیریت جمعیت موجود و شناسایی به موقع در مناطق جدید معرفی شده دارد.
Invasive species are considered a serious threat to biodiversity. Non-native invasive species have a high potential to cause ecological, economic, and social consequences in the regions where they are introduced. This study aims to assess the risk of the potential invasiveness of the Mandarin duck in Iran's aquatic ecosystems. The AS-ISK model (Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit) was used to identify the potential invasiveness of the Mandarin duck in Iran’s aquatic ecosystems. This model consists of two components: Basic Risk Assessment and Climate Change Risk Assessment, and the assessment was conducted by two evaluators. To examine the level of climatic compatibility between the native habitat and the introduced habitat, the Climatch model was used, and the global average threshold of the AS-ISK model was applied. The result of the AS-ISK model showed a basic risk assessment score of 6.5, which is below the global average threshold of the model. This indicates that the Mandarin duck does not currently have the potential to become invasive in Iran's ecosystems. However, its invasiveness is classified as moderate. Climatic compatibility between the native habitat of the Mandarin duck and the risk assessment region, as calculated by the Climatch model, was zero, indicating low climatic compatibility. As a result, the non-native Mandarin duck, with moderate invasiveness potential, requires monitoring, population management, and timely identification in newly introduced areas, especially in sensitive and protected .habitats and international wetlands in Iran
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