ساخت، اعتباریابی، رواسازی و هنجاریابی مقیاس نگرش اخلاقی در میان نوجوانان
محورهای موضوعی : تکتونواستراتیگرافیارزو دلفان بیرانوند 1 , خسرو رشید 2
1 - دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی ترییتی، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.
2 - دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.
کلید واژه: نگرش, نوجوانان, اخلاق, نگرش اخلاقی, رفتار اخلاقی,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه: این پژوهش با هدف ساخت، اعتبار یابی، رواسازی و هنجاریابی مقیاس نگرش اخلاقی در میان نوجوانان انجام شد.
روش: پژوهش در دو مرحله انجام شد. در مرحله نخست (بخش کیفی)، ابتدا منابع و مبانی نظری موجود در زمینه نگرش و نگرش اخلاقی با روش تحلیل محتوا بررسی و مقوله بندی شدند. در مرحله دوم (بخش کمّی)، براساس کدگذاری و تدوین مضامین اطلاعات حاصل از بررسی منابع، یک مقیاس 36 گویه ای برای اندازه گیری 3 عامل شناسایی شده ی شناختی، عاطفی و رفتاری ساخته شد. در این مرحله روش پژوهش توصیفی از نوع همبستگی و جامعه آماری شامل کلیه نوجوانان شهر همدان در سال تحصیلی 1400-1401 بود. اندازه نمونه شامل تعداد 1093 نفر بودند که به شیوه نمونه گیری تصادفی خوشه ای چند مرحله ای انتخاب شدند و مقیاس پژوهشگرساخته را تکمیل کردند. برای بررسی روایی ابزار از روش های تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تأییدی، روایی محتوایی، و روایی همزمان و برای بررسی پایایی آن از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ سود برده شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج تحلیل عامل اکتشافی، مؤلفه‌های شناختی، عاطفی، و رفتاری را به عنوان 3 عامل مقیاس نشان داد. ضریب پایایی ابزار با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ برای کل مقیاس 94/0، و برای زیر مقیاس‌های شناختی، عاطفی، و رفتاری به ترتیب 83/0 ،90/0 ، 87/0 به دست آمد. اطلاعات هنجاری این مقیاس گزارش شده است.
نتیجه گیری: بر پایه یافته های پژوهش می توان گفت که مقیاس نگرش اخلاقی از روایی و پایایی مناسبی برخوردار است و می تواند در تمام سازمان ها به کار برده شود.
Introduction: This study was conducted with the aim of developing, validation, reliability, and normalization of moral attitude scale among adolescents.
Materials and Method: The study was carried out in two phases. In the first phase (qualitative part), the existing theoretical foundations of attitude and moral attitude were studied and categorized by the use of the content analysis method. In the second phase (the quantitative part), based on the findings of content analysis, a 36-items scale was developed to measure three identified factors called cognitive, emotional, and behavioral. The research method was descriptive-correlational, and the statistical population included all adolescents of Hamedan in the academic year of 2021-2022. The sample size included 1093 adolescents were randomly selected through multi-stage cluster sampling method, and they completed the researcher-made scale. To examine the validity of the scale, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, content validity method, and concurrent validity, and to investigate the reliability of the scale Cronbach alpha were used.
Results: The results of exploratory factor analysis extracted 3 factors named cognitive, emotional, and behavioral. The estimated Cronbach alpha reliability coefficients for the whole scale was 0.94, and for cognitive, emotional, and behavioral were 0.83, 0.90, and 0.87 respectively. Normative information of this scale is also reported.
Conclusion: According to the results moral attitude Scale has suitable validity and reliability, and can be used in various organization.
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