مقایسه اثربخشی درمان شناختی رفتاری و هیپنوتراپی شناختی رفتاری در کاهش علایم اضطراب و بهبود کیفیت زندگی دانشآموزان دوره متوسطه اول دارای اضطراب امتحان
محورهای موضوعی : تکتونواستراتیگرافیمجید پورحمیدی 1 , سیروس سروقد 2 , اذرمیدخت رضایی 3 , حسین بقولی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی ورودی 93 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مرودشت
2 - گروه روان شناسی عمومی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مرودشت
3 - عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مرودشت
4 - استادیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
کلید واژه: کیفیت زندگی, شناخت درمانی, اضطراب امتحان,
چکیده مقاله :
اضطراب امتحان نوعی اضطراب موقعیتی(هراس خاص) است که میتواند تاثیر منفی بر روند کیفیت زندگی فرد بگذارد. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی مقایسه اثربخشی درمانشناختی رفتاری و هیپنوتیزم درمانیشناختی رفتاری بر کاهش علایم اضطراب و بهبود کیفیت زندگی دانشآموزان دارای اضطراب امتحان بود. یعنی یک مطالعه تجربی(آزمایشی کامل) از نوع پیشآزمون، پسآزمون و دوره پیگیری سه ماهه بهکار رفته که از بین دانشآموزان دوره متوسطه اول بخش چنارشاهیجان از توابع استان فارس50 نفر دارای اختلال اضطراب امتحان بهصورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایشی قرار گرفته و ابزار جمع آوری دادهها، یکی پرسشنامه اضطراب امتحان فریدمن و جاکوب(1997) و دیگری پرسشنامه فرم کوتاه کیفیت زندگی سازمان بهداشت جهانی[1](2000)بود. پروتکول درمانی در یکی از گروهها استفاده از تکنیکهای درمانشناختی رفتاری و در گروه دیگر همان تکنیکها در حالت خلسه هیپنوتیزمی در مدت10 جلسه یک و نیم ساعته هفتگی بود. دادهها با استفاده از روش آماری تحلیل واریانس اندازهگیری مکرر و آزمونهای تعقیبی مربوطه از طریق نرمافزار کامپیوتری(Spss22) تجزیه و تحلیل گشته است. نتایج یافتهها نشان داد که هر دو مداخله روانشناختی در پسآزمون و پیگیری منجر به کاهش علایم اضطراب امتحان دانشآموزان در سه بعد تحقیر اجتماعی، خطای شناختی و تنیدگی گشته و کیفیت زندگی آنها را بهبود بخشیده است. بنابراین هرچند هر دو شیوه شناختی رفتاری و هیپنوتراپی شناختی رفتاری میتوانند مداخلهای موثر در کاهش اضطراب امتحان و افزایش کیفیت زندگی دانشآموزان باشند. اما روش هیپنوتیزم درمانی شناختی رفتاری بسیار کاراتر از روش شناختی رفتاری بوده و در مقایسه باعث تغییرات معنادارتری( 0001/p< ) در پسآزمون و پیگیری هر دو متغیر گردیده است. لذا این روش میتواند در آینده بخشی از درمان اضطراب بوده و در ارتقاء کیفیت زندگی چنین افرادی نیز موثر باشد.
3. World Health Organization (WHO)
Back ground and objective: Test anxiety is one the situational anxiety disorders or a type of specific phobias that has the most negative effects on the quality of life.
This study was aimed to determine the comparison of the efficacy cognitive behavioral therapy and cognitive behavioral hypnotherapy on reducing anxiety signs and improving quality of life in students' test anxiety.
Materials and Methods: in this quasi-experimental study a pre-test, post- test and a three month follow-up test used in which the sample chosen among students in Iran in 2017 academic year 50 students with test anxiety disorder were randomly assigned to two experimental groups. The instruments for gathering data were Friedman & Jacub (1997) test anxiety and a shorten form of quality of life inventories. Using cognitive behavioral therapy techniques with the therapy protocol in a group and applying the other group similar methods in hypnotic trance state that was prolonged in ten weekly sessions which lasted 90 minutes. the data were analyzed by using repeated variance analysis, Shafer hoc test and Bonfernni test with SPSS22.
Results: Both CBT and CBHT in post-test and follow up decreased the signs of students, test anxiety in its three dimensions and improving their quality of life as psychological interventions.
Conclusion: as if both methods had effect on reducing test anxiety and improving quality of life but hypnotherapy resulted more meaningfully.
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