پیش بینی عملکرد کارکنان بر اساس معنویت در محیط کار و حمایت سازمانی
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بازرگانی
حمید شفیع زاده
1
(دانشیارگروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران)
مهدی گیلا
2
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت آموزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران)
کلید واژه: عملکرد کارکنان, معنویت در محیط کار, حمایت سازمانی,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه بسیاری از سازمان ها به ویژه آموزش و پرورش به دنبال بهبود عملکرد هستند. با توجه به تقاضای زیاد محصولات و خدمات سازمان ها و نیز تغییرات محیطی فراوان، نه تنها محصولات و چگونگی عرضة آن اهمیت دارد، بلکه به کاربردن ابزار و اقدام های مناسب با اهداف سازمان در قبال منابع انسانی و اهداف سازمانی و عملکردی مانند تحقق مأموریت های سازمانی و چشم اندازهای سازمان نمود بیشتری یافته است. از این رو توجه به عوامل انسانی در راستای برآورده کردن اهداف و مأموریت های سازمانی اهمیت بیشتری پیدا کرده است. در این پژوهش پیش بینی عملکرد کارکنان بر اساس معنویت در محیط کار و حمایت سازمانی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است. در این راستا برای جمع آوری اطلاعات مورد نیاز پرسش نامه پژوهش در اختیار 89نفر از کارکنان آموزش و پرورش شهرستان پاکدشت که به روش تصادفی ساده انتخاب شده اند، قرار داده شد. برای بررسی رابطه بین متغیرها از روش تحلیل رگرسیونی و همبستگی استفاده شد که نتایج آن نشان داد که بهبود شاخص های حمایت سازمانی و معنویت در محیط کار باعث بهبود عملکرد سازمانی کارکنان می گردد؛ ضمنا نقش میانجی معنویت در محیط کار در رابطه بین حمایت سازمانی و عملکرد نیز تأیید شد. همچنین نتایج تحلیل کواریانس نشان داد که ویژگی های دموگرافیک کارکنان بر عملکرد سازمانی آنان تأثیرگذار نیست.
Today, many organizations, especially education, are seeking to improve performance. Considering the high demand for products and services of organizations as well as enormous environmental changes, it is not only the products and how it is delivered, but also the use of appropriate tools and measures for the organization's objectives towards human resources and organizational and operational goals such as the realization of organizational missions and There are more perspectives for organizing. Hence, attention has been paid to human factors in order to meet organizational goals and missions. In this research, the relationship between organizational support, spirituality in the workplace and organizational performance of education workers has been evaluated. In order to collect the required information, a questionnaire was given to 89 educational staff of Pakdasht city that were selected by simple random sampling method. To investigate the relationship between variables, regression analysis and correlation analysis were used. The results showed that improvement of organizational support and spirituality indices in the work environment improved organizational performance of employees; meanwhile, mediating spirituality in the workplace in the relationship between organizational support And performance has been confirmed. Also, the results of covariance analysis showed that the demographic characteristics of employees did not affect their organizational performance.
Afjeh, S. A. A., Dehghanan, H., & Mefakheri, F. (2016), The Effect of Organizational Support, Empowerment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Job Performance. Human Resource Management Researches, 5(3), Pages 47-23, (In Persian).
Akhilendra K. S., & Sadhana S. (2013), Perceived Organizational Support and Organizational CitizenshipBehavior: The Mediating Role of Personality. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology. 39(1), 117-125.
Allen, D. G., Shore L. M., & Griffen R. W. (2003), The Role of Perceived Organizational Support and Supportive Human Resources Practices in the Turnover Process. Journal of Management, 29(1), 99-118.
Chiang, Ch. F., & Tsung-Sheng, H. (2012), The Impacts of Perceived Organizational Support and Psychological Empowerment on Job Performance: The Mediating Effects of Organizational Citizenship Behavior. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31, 180-190.
Dadabhay, M. (2015), The Mediating Role of Workplace Spirituality on Perceptions of Transformational Leadership, Organizational Commitment and Employee Job Satisfaction within a Sample of South African Muslim School teachers. Industrial/Organizational Psychology.
Dawley, D., Houghton, J. D., & Bucklew, N. S. (2010), Perceived Organizational Support and Turnover Intention: The Mediating Effects of Personal Sacrifice and Job Fit. Journal of Social Psychology, 150(3), 238-257.
Doaee, H., & Bardjali Leo, Sh. (2010), Investigating the Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support and Organizational Commitment and the Purpose of Abandoning the Service. Quarterly Journal of Public Administration Outlook, 3, 77-63, (In Persian).
Duchon, D. W., & Poloman, T. (2014), The Present State of Workplace Spirituality: A literature Review Considering Context, Theory, and Measurement/Assessment. The Present State of Workplace Spirituality, 12-16.
Eisenberger, R., Armeli, S., Rexwinkel, B., Lynch, P. D., & Rhoades, L. (2001), Reciprocation of Perceived Organizational Support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 42-51.
Farhangi, A. A. (2006), Spirituality in the Workplace and its Role in Improving Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Journal of Management Culture, 4(13), 9-17, (In Persian).
Fatahi, M. (2006), Spirituality in Work. Journal of Management Culture, 4(13), 19-25, (In Persian).
Fry, L. W. (2013), Toward a Theory of Spiritual Leadership, The Leadership Quarterly, 14, 693-727
Ghasemi, H. (2016), The Study of the Role of Organizational Commitment Adjustment on the Relationship between Spirituality in Work and Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Master's Thesis, Mashhad: Islamic Azad University, (In Persian).
Heaton, D. P., Schmidt-Wilk, J., & Travis, F. (2004), Constructs, Methods, and Measuring for Researching Spirituality in Organizations", Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17(1), 62-82.
Khanifar, H., Jandaghi, Gh., & Shojaie, S. (2010), Organizational Consideration between Spirituality and Professional Commitment, Journal of Sciences, 12(4), 558-571.
Kinjerski, V. M., & Skrypnek, B. J. (2004), Defining Spirit at Work: Finding Common Ground. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17(1), 26-42.
Marques, J., Dhiman, S., & King, R.(2007), Spirituality in the Workplace: What it is, Why it Matters, How to Make it Work for You, Personhood Press.
Milliman, J., Czaplewski, A. J., & Ferguson, J. (2003), Workplace Spirituality and Employee Work Attitudes, an Exploratory Empirical Assessment. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 16(4), 426-447.
Mirspasi, N., Memarzadeh, Gh., & Ganbari, M. (2011), The Relationship between Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Job Performance of Municipal Employees. Shahriariyah Journal, 100104-93, (In Persian).
Shen, Y., Yuan, D., Zhang, H., Yang, D., Zhang, J., & Zhang Q. (2009), The Impacts of Perceived Organizational Support and Perceived External Prestige on Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Organizational Identification as Mediator and Need for Self-esteem as Moderator. 41(12), 1215-1227.
Soltani, I., Sirih Esfestani, R., & Abbasi, H. (2013), The Role of Mediator of Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Effect of Perceived Organizational Support and Psychological Empowerment on Job Performance. Management Studies (Improvement and Evolution), 70, 229-209, (In Persian).
Wang, J., & Keung, Ch. W. (2013), Understanding Organizational Citizenship Behavior from a Cultural Perspective: An Empirical Study within the Context of Hotels in Mainland China. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(4), 845-854.
_||_Afjeh, S. A. A., Dehghanan, H., & Mefakheri, F. (2016), The Effect of Organizational Support, Empowerment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Job Performance. Human Resource Management Researches, 5(3), Pages 47-23, (In Persian).
Akhilendra K. S., & Sadhana S. (2013), Perceived Organizational Support and Organizational CitizenshipBehavior: The Mediating Role of Personality. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology. 39(1), 117-125.
Allen, D. G., Shore L. M., & Griffen R. W. (2003), The Role of Perceived Organizational Support and Supportive Human Resources Practices in the Turnover Process. Journal of Management, 29(1), 99-118.
Chiang, Ch. F., & Tsung-Sheng, H. (2012), The Impacts of Perceived Organizational Support and Psychological Empowerment on Job Performance: The Mediating Effects of Organizational Citizenship Behavior. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31, 180-190.
Dadabhay, M. (2015), The Mediating Role of Workplace Spirituality on Perceptions of Transformational Leadership, Organizational Commitment and Employee Job Satisfaction within a Sample of South African Muslim School teachers. Industrial/Organizational Psychology.
Dawley, D., Houghton, J. D., & Bucklew, N. S. (2010), Perceived Organizational Support and Turnover Intention: The Mediating Effects of Personal Sacrifice and Job Fit. Journal of Social Psychology, 150(3), 238-257.
Doaee, H., & Bardjali Leo, Sh. (2010), Investigating the Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support and Organizational Commitment and the Purpose of Abandoning the Service. Quarterly Journal of Public Administration Outlook, 3, 77-63, (In Persian).
Duchon, D. W., & Poloman, T. (2014), The Present State of Workplace Spirituality: A literature Review Considering Context, Theory, and Measurement/Assessment. The Present State of Workplace Spirituality, 12-16.
Eisenberger, R., Armeli, S., Rexwinkel, B., Lynch, P. D., & Rhoades, L. (2001), Reciprocation of Perceived Organizational Support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 42-51.
Farhangi, A. A. (2006), Spirituality in the Workplace and its Role in Improving Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Journal of Management Culture, 4(13), 9-17, (In Persian).
Fatahi, M. (2006), Spirituality in Work. Journal of Management Culture, 4(13), 19-25, (In Persian).
Fry, L. W. (2013), Toward a Theory of Spiritual Leadership, The Leadership Quarterly, 14, 693-727
Ghasemi, H. (2016), The Study of the Role of Organizational Commitment Adjustment on the Relationship between Spirituality in Work and Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Master's Thesis, Mashhad: Islamic Azad University, (In Persian).
Heaton, D. P., Schmidt-Wilk, J., & Travis, F. (2004), Constructs, Methods, and Measuring for Researching Spirituality in Organizations", Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17(1), 62-82.
Khanifar, H., Jandaghi, Gh., & Shojaie, S. (2010), Organizational Consideration between Spirituality and Professional Commitment, Journal of Sciences, 12(4), 558-571.
Kinjerski, V. M., & Skrypnek, B. J. (2004), Defining Spirit at Work: Finding Common Ground. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17(1), 26-42.
Marques, J., Dhiman, S., & King, R.(2007), Spirituality in the Workplace: What it is, Why it Matters, How to Make it Work for You, Personhood Press.
Milliman, J., Czaplewski, A. J., & Ferguson, J. (2003), Workplace Spirituality and Employee Work Attitudes, an Exploratory Empirical Assessment. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 16(4), 426-447.
Mirspasi, N., Memarzadeh, Gh., & Ganbari, M. (2011), The Relationship between Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Job Performance of Municipal Employees. Shahriariyah Journal, 100104-93, (In Persian).
Shen, Y., Yuan, D., Zhang, H., Yang, D., Zhang, J., & Zhang Q. (2009), The Impacts of Perceived Organizational Support and Perceived External Prestige on Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Organizational Identification as Mediator and Need for Self-esteem as Moderator. 41(12), 1215-1227.
Soltani, I., Sirih Esfestani, R., & Abbasi, H. (2013), The Role of Mediator of Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Effect of Perceived Organizational Support and Psychological Empowerment on Job Performance. Management Studies (Improvement and Evolution), 70, 229-209, (In Persian).
Wang, J., & Keung, Ch. W. (2013), Understanding Organizational Citizenship Behavior from a Cultural Perspective: An Empirical Study within the Context of Hotels in Mainland China. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(4), 845-854.