تعیین جایگاه ایران در زمینه اقتصاد دانش بنیان در میان کشورهای منتخب
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بازرگانی
منیره دیزجی
1
(عضو هیأت علمی (استادیار)گروه اقتصاد،واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تبریز، ایران)
سهند دانشور
2
(عضو هیأت علمی (استادیار) واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،تبریز، ایران)
علیرضا بابایی اناری
3
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اقتصاد، واحد تبریز ،دانشگاه آزاداسلامی،تبریز،ایران)
کلید واژه: ایران, تحلیل پوششی داده ها, اقتصاد دانش بنیان,
چکیده مقاله :
در این مقاله به بررسی و ارزیابی جایگاه ایران و چهل کشور انتخابی در زمینه اقتصاد دانش بنیان پرداخته می شود. روش کار محاسبه کارایی آنها با استفاده از تجزیه و تحلیل پوششی داده ها می باشد. تجزیه و تحلیل پوششی داده ها یکی از روشهای محاسبه کارایی واحد های تصمیم گیری با استفاده از برنامه ریزی خطی ریاضی و ورودی ها و خروجی های چند گانه است. بر این اساس کارایی کشورهای منتخب بر طبق مدل CCR ورودی محور و با استفاده از 13 مؤلفۀ اقتصاد دانش بنیان با تعداد نیروی کار، تولید ناخالص داخلی، تشکیل ناخالص سرمایه، کل مخارج صرف شده درفناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات و ارزش افزوده خدمات در تولید ناخالص داخلی به عنوان ورودی ها و صادرات کالاهای با تکنولوژی بالا، تعداد محققین در تحقیق و توسعه، تعداد کاربران اینترنت ، خطوط تلفن ثابت و همراه، بهره وری نیروی کار و ارتباطات بین المللی به عنوان خروجی ها مورد ارزیابی قرار می گیرد. بر پایه نتایج این مقاله ایران در جایگاه 29 در میان کشورهای انتخابی می باشد و به نظر می رسد با پیروی از سیاستهای ایالات متحده آمریکا و چین بتوان جایگاه ایران را در این زمینه تقویت نمود.
The present article studies and evaluates the status of Iran and forty selected countries in the field of knowledge-based economy. The research method is to calculate their efficiency through the use of data envelopment analysis. Data envelopment analysis is one of the methods to calculate the efficiency of decision-making units by using linear mathematical programming with multiple inputs and outputs. Accordingly, the efficiency of the selected countries was evaluated based on the input-oriented CCR model and by using the 13 Components of knowledge-based economy, with total labor force, GDP, gross capital formation, total expenditure spent on ICT, and value added services in GDP as the inputs, and high-tech exports, number of researchers in research and development, number of Internet users, fixed line and mobile telephones, labor productivity, and international relations as the outputs. According to the results of the present article, Iran is placed 29 among the selected countries. It seems that by following the policies of the USA and China, Iran can be promoted in this regard
APEC Economic Committee (2000), “Towards Knowledge- Based Economics in APEC”.
Arab Mazar, A., & Mousavi, S. Y. (2010). Calculation of Tax Efficiency and Efforts of Tax Administrations of Different Provinces of Taxpayers in the Country: Data Envelopment Analysis Method. Economic Journal, 2, 139-165, (In Persian).
Azimi, N., & Barkhordari, S. (2008). Knowledge-Based Economy in Southeast Asian Countries. Rahyaft, 43, Autumn 32-42, (In Persian).
Bashiri, M., Tavakoli, M. R., & Amiri, A. H. (2008). Measuring the Efficiency of Information Technology Resources in Developing E-Commerce Infrastructure: Data Envelopment Analysis Approach. Journal of Economics and Business Novin, 12, 129-159, (In Persian).
Burke, P.A (2000), “Social History of Knowledge: from Gutenberg to Diderot, Cambridge.
Cooper, w. w., Charnes, A. & E., Rhodes (1978), “Measuring the Efficiency of Decision Making Units”, Journal of Operational Research, 2, 429-444.
Dahlman, C. & T., Anderson, (2000) “Korea and Knowledge Based Economy: Making the Transition”, World Bank Institute.
Eyd Mohammadzadeh, H., Rezaei, J., Faghih Nasiri, M., & Tavakoli, M. R. (2010). Assessing the Knowledge Economy Using Mathematical Programming Model. Journal of Economic Research, 1, 115-135, (In Persian).
Falah, M. (2007). Assessing the Effectiveness of Insurance Companies by Data Envelopment Analysis. New World Insurers, 115 & 116, 17-24, (In Persian).
Farrell, M. J. (1957), “The Measurement of Productivity Efficiency”, Journal of Royal Statistical Society, 120253-290.
Foray, D. (2004), “Economics of Knowledge”, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Ghorbani Jahed, A. (2009). The Study of the Role of Components of Knowledge Based Economics on the Productivity of Total Production Factors. Master Thesis, Tehtan: Azad University of Tehran Central Branch, (In Persian).
Hosseini, S. Sh., & Chahar Mahali Byghash, A. (2005). Knowledge Economy and Development Gap. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Business Novin, 1, 55-82, (In Persian).
Imadzadeh, M., Shahnazi, R. A., & Dehghan Shabani, Z. (2006). The Study of the Realization of the Knowledge-Driven Economy in Iran. Economic Quarterly, 2, (In Persian).
Memarnejad, A. (2005). Knowledge Based Economics: Requirements, Indicators, Iran's Situation, Challenges and Solutions. Journal of Economics and Business Novin, 1, 83-108, (In Persian).
Neil Foroshan, H. (2005). The Study of the Nature of the Knowledge-based Economy and the Possibility of Iran's Movement from the Manufacturing-Driven Economy to the Knowledge-Driven Economy. Master's Thesis, Mashhad:, Ferdowsi Mashhad Univercity, (In Persian).
OECD, “The Knowledge - Based Economy”, Paris, OECD, 1996.
Rooney, D.(2005),“Knowledge,Economy,Technology and Society : the Politics of Discourse, Telematics and Informatics” , 22, 405-422.
Sadeghi, M., & Azarbayejani, K. (2006). The Role and Position of knowledge-Based Economy in Labor Demand. Iranian Economic Research Quarterly, 27, 175- 197, (In Persian).
Tan, H.B. & C. W., Hooy (2007), “The Development of East Asian Countries towards a Knowledge-Based Economy: A DEA Analysis”, Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 12, 17-33.
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APEC Economic Committee (2000), “Towards Knowledge- Based Economics in APEC”.
Arab Mazar, A., & Mousavi, S. Y. (2010). Calculation of Tax Efficiency and Efforts of Tax Administrations of Different Provinces of Taxpayers in the Country: Data Envelopment Analysis Method. Economic Journal, 2, 139-165, (In Persian).
Azimi, N., & Barkhordari, S. (2008). Knowledge-Based Economy in Southeast Asian Countries. Rahyaft, 43, Autumn 32-42, (In Persian).
Bashiri, M., Tavakoli, M. R., & Amiri, A. H. (2008). Measuring the Efficiency of Information Technology Resources in Developing E-Commerce Infrastructure: Data Envelopment Analysis Approach. Journal of Economics and Business Novin, 12, 129-159, (In Persian).
Burke, P.A (2000), “Social History of Knowledge: from Gutenberg to Diderot, Cambridge.
Cooper, w. w., Charnes, A. & E., Rhodes (1978), “Measuring the Efficiency of Decision Making Units”, Journal of Operational Research, 2, 429-444.
Dahlman, C. & T., Anderson, (2000) “Korea and Knowledge Based Economy: Making the Transition”, World Bank Institute.
Eyd Mohammadzadeh, H., Rezaei, J., Faghih Nasiri, M., & Tavakoli, M. R. (2010). Assessing the Knowledge Economy Using Mathematical Programming Model. Journal of Economic Research, 1, 115-135, (In Persian).
Falah, M. (2007). Assessing the Effectiveness of Insurance Companies by Data Envelopment Analysis. New World Insurers, 115 & 116, 17-24, (In Persian).
Farrell, M. J. (1957), “The Measurement of Productivity Efficiency”, Journal of Royal Statistical Society, 120253-290.
Foray, D. (2004), “Economics of Knowledge”, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Ghorbani Jahed, A. (2009). The Study of the Role of Components of Knowledge Based Economics on the Productivity of Total Production Factors. Master Thesis, Tehtan: Azad University of Tehran Central Branch, (In Persian).
Hosseini, S. Sh., & Chahar Mahali Byghash, A. (2005). Knowledge Economy and Development Gap. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Business Novin, 1, 55-82, (In Persian).
Imadzadeh, M., Shahnazi, R. A., & Dehghan Shabani, Z. (2006). The Study of the Realization of the Knowledge-Driven Economy in Iran. Economic Quarterly, 2, (In Persian).
Memarnejad, A. (2005). Knowledge Based Economics: Requirements, Indicators, Iran's Situation, Challenges and Solutions. Journal of Economics and Business Novin, 1, 83-108, (In Persian).
Neil Foroshan, H. (2005). The Study of the Nature of the Knowledge-based Economy and the Possibility of Iran's Movement from the Manufacturing-Driven Economy to the Knowledge-Driven Economy. Master's Thesis, Mashhad:, Ferdowsi Mashhad Univercity, (In Persian).
OECD, “The Knowledge - Based Economy”, Paris, OECD, 1996.
Rooney, D.(2005),“Knowledge,Economy,Technology and Society : the Politics of Discourse, Telematics and Informatics” , 22, 405-422.
Sadeghi, M., & Azarbayejani, K. (2006). The Role and Position of knowledge-Based Economy in Labor Demand. Iranian Economic Research Quarterly, 27, 175- 197, (In Persian).
Tan, H.B. & C. W., Hooy (2007), “The Development of East Asian Countries towards a Knowledge-Based Economy: A DEA Analysis”, Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, 12, 17-33.