بررسی تأثیر استراتژی های منابع انسانی بر بهره وری نیروی انسانی در شرکت های تولیدی شهرک صنعتی ساری 1 و 2 با نقش تعدیلگر استراتژی رهبری هزینه کسب و کار
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بازرگانی
ابوالحسن حسینی
1
(عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه مازندران)
محسن علیزاده ثانی
2
(استادیارگروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه مازندران)
حامد غلامی کردخیلی
3
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت اجرایی دانشگاه مازندران)
کلید واژه: بهره وری نیروی انسانی, استراتژی رهبری هزینه, استراتژی منابع انسانی,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه اهمیت منابع انسانی برای سازمان ها امری بدیهی است. منابع انسانی هر سازمان، عامل اصلی حیات آن سازمان است. استفاده صحیح از نیروی انسانی به مثابه ارزشمندترین و بزرگترین ثروت هر جامعه به صورت مسأله ای حائز اهمیت مورد توجه دولت ها بوده است. به عبارت دیگر می توان گفت که انسان هم هدف توسعه و هم عامل آن محسوب می شود، تحقیق حاضر از لحاظ هدف، کاربردی و از نظرشیوه جمع آوری اطلاعات توصیفی- پیمایشی و از نوع همبستگی است. شیوه جمع آوری داده ها تلفیقی از روش کتابخانه ای شامل مطالعه اسناد و مدارک و پرسش نامه می باشد. جامعه آماری این پژوهش را شرکت های تولیدی فعال شهرک صنعتی ساری (1و2)، تشکیل می دهند که تعداد آنها 51 شرکت می باشد. حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران به تعداد 37 شرکت تعیین گردید. در این پژوهش برای سنجش استراتژی منابع انسانی از پرسشنامه ی لپک و اسنل (2002)، برای سنجش بهره وری نیروی انسانی از پرسشنامۀ هرسی و گلداسمیت (1980) و برای سنجش استراتژی رهبری هزینه از پرسشنامۀ دس و دیویس (1984) استفاده شد. آلفای کرونباخ محاسبه شده در این پژوهش برای پرسش نامه ی استراتژی منابع انسانی 0.94، برای پرسش نامۀ استراتژی رهبری هزینه 0.93و برای پرسش نامۀ بهره وری نیروی انسانی 0.92 به دست آمد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها، از روش معادلات ساختاری و نرم افزار PLS استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که (با توجه به اعداد بدست آمده برای ضریب مسیر و آماره t) استراتژی های تعهدی، بازدهی و مشارکتی منابع انسانی با بهره وری نیروی انسانی رابطه دارند؛ و همچنین استراتژی رهبری هزینه به عنوان متغیر تعدیلگر رابطه استراتژی مشارکتی منابع انسانی را با بهره وری نیروی انسانی تعدیل می کند.
Nowadays, the importance of human resource is very evident and crucial for the organizations. The proper use of human resources has been considered very valuable for the government. In other words human being is both the means and target for development. The research method was descriptive survey correlations. To gather the data three questionnaires were used namely: Human resources strategy (Lepak & Snell); manpower productivity (Hersey& Goldsmith); cost leadership strategy (Dess & Davis). The Cronbach’s alphas respectively were 0.94, 0.92 and 0.93. To analyze the data structural equation modeling and PLS software were used. The results showed that according to the value obtained for the path coefficient and T-statistics, commitment, productivity and collaboration Strategy associated with labor productivity, and cost leadership strategy as moderating variable, moderate the relationship between human resources and manpower productivity.
Ansari, G. H., & Sabzi Aliabadi, S. (2010). Pritorize of effective organizational factors on improvement of productivity of human resources of small industries. Journal of Business Survey, 39, 46-50.
Armestrong, M. (2005). Strategic human resource management, translated by: seyed M. Arabi & D. Izadi. Cultural Research Bureau, (In Persian).
Atikiya, R., Mukulu, E., & Waiganjo, E. (2015). Effect of cost leadership strategy on the performance of manufacturing firms in kenya. Strategic Journal, 2(8), 134-143.
Azadi, A. (2013). Productivity of human resource. Journal of Culture and administrative behavior, 6, 21-25, (In Persian).
Bamberger, P., & Mashoulam, H. (2000). Human resource strategy: formulation, implementation and impact. Stage: Baverly Hills, CA.
Chin, W. W., Marcolin, B. L., & Newsted, P. R. (2003). A partial least squares latent variable modeling approach for measuring interaction effects: Results from a Monte Carlo simulation study and an electronic-mail emotion/adoption study. Information Systems Research, 14(2), 189-217.
Daniyali, D., Alameh, M., Mohsen, S., & Mansouri, H. (2013). Investigating and recognizing Factors affecting of human resources productivity and setting priorities among employees. Quarterly Journal of Productivity Management, 7(27), 51-80, (In Persian).
Davari, D., Sazzadeh, SH., & Hasan, M. (2001), Strategic management (theorical and practical), Tehran, Moalefin with Ashna, (In Persian).
Dess, G. G., & Davis, S. P. (1984). Porter's gereric strategies as determinants of strategic group membership and organizational performance. Academy of Management Journal, 27(3), 467-488.
Farhadi, M. (2009). A review of models of codificing human resources strategy. Tehran:Cultural Research Bureau, (In Persian).
Farahi Biloei, R. (2008). New approaches in strategic human resource management. Tadbir Journal, 198, 14-19, (In Persian).
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 1. 39-50.
Ghaemi, M., Hamidi, H., Zavvari, S., & Rezaei, A. (2011). The relationship between financial indicators and indicators of productivity in manufacturing companies, Audit Journal, 52, 96-98, (In Persian).
Hashemi, S., H., & Pour Amin Zad, S. (2011). The challenges facing human resource development and ways to fix it. Labor and Society Journal, 136, 4-26, (In Persian).
Hersey, H., & Goldsmith, M. (1980). A situational approach to performance planning. Training and Developmnt Journal, 34(11), 31-48.
Hersey, P., & Blanchard, K. H. (1993). Management of organizational behavior: utilizing human resources. NJ: Prentice Hall.
Hulland, J. (1999). Use of partial least squares (PLS) in strategic management research: A review of four recent studies. Strategic Management Journal, 20(2), 195-204.
Hunger, J., Wheelen, D., & Thomas L. (2005). Essentials of strategic management, translated by: S. Arabi, M., Izadi, & D., Tehran: Cultural Research Bureau, (In Persian).
Jones, D. C., Kalmi, P., Kato, T., & Makinen, M. (2005). The effects of human resource management practices on Firm performance –preliminary evidence from Finland. Keskusteluaiheita– Discussion papers, 1121, 1-31.
Kaliappen, N., & Hilman, H. (2013). Enhancing organizational performance through strategic alighnment of cost leadership strategy and competitor orientation. Journal of Scientific Research, 18(10), 1411-1416.
Khalilian, S., & Rahmani, F. (2008). Survey on affecting factor on agronomy human resource of Iran. Journal of Sciences & Industries of Agronomy, 22(1), 79-89.
Koch, M. J., & McGrath, R. G. (1996). Improving labor productivity: human resource management policies do matter. Strategic Management Journal, 17(1) 335–354.
Lepak, D. P., & Snell, S. A. (2002). Examination the human resource architecture. Journal of Management, 28(4), 517-543.
Magner, N., Welker, R. B., & Campbell, T. L. (1996). Testing a model of cognitive budgetary participation processes in a latent variable structural equations framework. Accounting and Business Research, 27(1), 41-50.
Malek Akhlagh, E., Taleghani, M., & Heydarniyaye Kohan, P. (2009). Comparative analysis of cost leadership and differentiation strategies of porter. Journal of Management, 153-154, 39-34, (In Persian).
Nasiri M., Heidari M., Shahbazi S., & Ansari E. (2013). Correlation of human resource strategies based on Allen Ylsy model with organizational performance staff in Aiat Allah Kashani Hospital. JHPM, 2 (3) :36-44, (In Persian).
Pedram, M. (2011). Enhance the productivity of human resources. 180,19-23, (In Persian).
Rahman Seresht, H. (2004). Strategic Management in theorists thought. Tehran:Allameh. (In Persian).
Rasouli, R., Zemaheni, M., & Shahraeini, S. (2014). Studying the impact of strategic human resource management on financial performance of companies listed on Tehran stock exchange . Journal of Financial Management Strategy, 2(4), 33-57, (In Persian).
Sabokro, M., Yeganeh, V., M., & Kashani, S. (2010). Employee productivity of insurance companies by emotional intelligence and the quality of working Life. Journal of the Insurance Industry, 1, 179-202, (In Persian).
Sanati, Gh., & Eyn Abadi, D. (2007), Measuring the productivity of production units. Tadbir Journal, 181, 40-43, (In Persian).
Taleghani, G. R, Tanaomi, M. M., Farhangi, A. A., & Zarrinnegar, M. J. (2011). Studying factors affect on increase of productivity (case study: Saman bank). Journal of Public Adminastaration, 3(7), 115-130, (In Persian).
Silva, G. R. P., Navaratne, N. N. J., Atapattu, A. W. M. M., & Wijayawardena, K. D. T. K. (2008). The effect of human recource practices on labor productivity, International Research Confrence on Management and Finance, University of Colombia.
Yousef Saber, N., Tabatabaei, S., M., & Afrazeh, A. (2015). The interaction of the performance factors in ACHIEVE model: A study in Iran, International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 4, 170-180.
_||_Ansari, G. H., & Sabzi Aliabadi, S. (2010). Pritorize of effective organizational factors on improvement of productivity of human resources of small industries. Journal of Business Survey, 39, 46-50.
Armestrong, M. (2005). Strategic human resource management, translated by: seyed M. Arabi & D. Izadi. Cultural Research Bureau, (In Persian).
Atikiya, R., Mukulu, E., & Waiganjo, E. (2015). Effect of cost leadership strategy on the performance of manufacturing firms in kenya. Strategic Journal, 2(8), 134-143.
Azadi, A. (2013). Productivity of human resource. Journal of Culture and administrative behavior, 6, 21-25, (In Persian).
Bamberger, P., & Mashoulam, H. (2000). Human resource strategy: formulation, implementation and impact. Stage: Baverly Hills, CA.
Chin, W. W., Marcolin, B. L., & Newsted, P. R. (2003). A partial least squares latent variable modeling approach for measuring interaction effects: Results from a Monte Carlo simulation study and an electronic-mail emotion/adoption study. Information Systems Research, 14(2), 189-217.
Daniyali, D., Alameh, M., Mohsen, S., & Mansouri, H. (2013). Investigating and recognizing Factors affecting of human resources productivity and setting priorities among employees. Quarterly Journal of Productivity Management, 7(27), 51-80, (In Persian).
Davari, D., Sazzadeh, SH., & Hasan, M. (2001), Strategic management (theorical and practical), Tehran, Moalefin with Ashna, (In Persian).
Dess, G. G., & Davis, S. P. (1984). Porter's gereric strategies as determinants of strategic group membership and organizational performance. Academy of Management Journal, 27(3), 467-488.
Farhadi, M. (2009). A review of models of codificing human resources strategy. Tehran:Cultural Research Bureau, (In Persian).
Farahi Biloei, R. (2008). New approaches in strategic human resource management. Tadbir Journal, 198, 14-19, (In Persian).
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 1. 39-50.
Ghaemi, M., Hamidi, H., Zavvari, S., & Rezaei, A. (2011). The relationship between financial indicators and indicators of productivity in manufacturing companies, Audit Journal, 52, 96-98, (In Persian).
Hashemi, S., H., & Pour Amin Zad, S. (2011). The challenges facing human resource development and ways to fix it. Labor and Society Journal, 136, 4-26, (In Persian).
Hersey, H., & Goldsmith, M. (1980). A situational approach to performance planning. Training and Developmnt Journal, 34(11), 31-48.
Hersey, P., & Blanchard, K. H. (1993). Management of organizational behavior: utilizing human resources. NJ: Prentice Hall.
Hulland, J. (1999). Use of partial least squares (PLS) in strategic management research: A review of four recent studies. Strategic Management Journal, 20(2), 195-204.
Hunger, J., Wheelen, D., & Thomas L. (2005). Essentials of strategic management, translated by: S. Arabi, M., Izadi, & D., Tehran: Cultural Research Bureau, (In Persian).
Jones, D. C., Kalmi, P., Kato, T., & Makinen, M. (2005). The effects of human resource management practices on Firm performance –preliminary evidence from Finland. Keskusteluaiheita– Discussion papers, 1121, 1-31.
Kaliappen, N., & Hilman, H. (2013). Enhancing organizational performance through strategic alighnment of cost leadership strategy and competitor orientation. Journal of Scientific Research, 18(10), 1411-1416.
Khalilian, S., & Rahmani, F. (2008). Survey on affecting factor on agronomy human resource of Iran. Journal of Sciences & Industries of Agronomy, 22(1), 79-89.
Koch, M. J., & McGrath, R. G. (1996). Improving labor productivity: human resource management policies do matter. Strategic Management Journal, 17(1) 335–354.
Lepak, D. P., & Snell, S. A. (2002). Examination the human resource architecture. Journal of Management, 28(4), 517-543.
Magner, N., Welker, R. B., & Campbell, T. L. (1996). Testing a model of cognitive budgetary participation processes in a latent variable structural equations framework. Accounting and Business Research, 27(1), 41-50.
Malek Akhlagh, E., Taleghani, M., & Heydarniyaye Kohan, P. (2009). Comparative analysis of cost leadership and differentiation strategies of porter. Journal of Management, 153-154, 39-34, (In Persian).
Nasiri M., Heidari M., Shahbazi S., & Ansari E. (2013). Correlation of human resource strategies based on Allen Ylsy model with organizational performance staff in Aiat Allah Kashani Hospital. JHPM, 2 (3) :36-44, (In Persian).
Pedram, M. (2011). Enhance the productivity of human resources. 180,19-23, (In Persian).
Rahman Seresht, H. (2004). Strategic Management in theorists thought. Tehran:Allameh. (In Persian).
Rasouli, R., Zemaheni, M., & Shahraeini, S. (2014). Studying the impact of strategic human resource management on financial performance of companies listed on Tehran stock exchange . Journal of Financial Management Strategy, 2(4), 33-57, (In Persian).
Sabokro, M., Yeganeh, V., M., & Kashani, S. (2010). Employee productivity of insurance companies by emotional intelligence and the quality of working Life. Journal of the Insurance Industry, 1, 179-202, (In Persian).
Sanati, Gh., & Eyn Abadi, D. (2007), Measuring the productivity of production units. Tadbir Journal, 181, 40-43, (In Persian).
Taleghani, G. R, Tanaomi, M. M., Farhangi, A. A., & Zarrinnegar, M. J. (2011). Studying factors affect on increase of productivity (case study: Saman bank). Journal of Public Adminastaration, 3(7), 115-130, (In Persian).
Silva, G. R. P., Navaratne, N. N. J., Atapattu, A. W. M. M., & Wijayawardena, K. D. T. K. (2008). The effect of human recource practices on labor productivity, International Research Confrence on Management and Finance, University of Colombia.
Yousef Saber, N., Tabatabaei, S., M., & Afrazeh, A. (2015). The interaction of the performance factors in ACHIEVE model: A study in Iran, International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 4, 170-180.