بررسی تاثیر تحریم های اقتصادی بر عملکرد عوامل داخلی در صنایع کوچک و متوسط استان لرستان طی سال های 1380 تا 1391
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بازرگانیمحسن باقری 1 , سهیلا مهدوی 2 , مریم شریف نژاد 3
1 - دانش آموخته مقطع کارشناسی ارشد،گروه مدیریت اجرایی ،واحد اراک، دانشگاه آزداسلامی، اراک،ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه مدیریت مالی ، واحد تهران جنوب ،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - عضو هیأت علمی، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، واحد اراک ،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران
کلید واژه: تحقیق و توسعه, تولید, تحریم اقتصادی, مدیریت, بازاریابی, امور مالی,
چکیده مقاله :
تحریم تدابیر قهر آمیزی است که توسط کشور یا گروهی از کشورها علیه کشوری که به قوانین بین المللی تجاوز نموده و یا از معیارهای اخلاقی مقبول تخطی کرده باشد، اعمال می شود. با پیروزی انقلاب اسلامی ایران در سال ۱۹۷۹ تاکنون آمریکا بارها از این ابزار علیه ایران استفاده کرده است. در سال های اخیر جنبه های تحریم ها گسترش پیدا کرده و اتحادیه اروپا نیز به جمع تحریم کنندگان ایران اضافه شده است.این پژوهش به بررسی آثار تحریم های اقتصادی بر عملکرد عوامل داخلی در صنایع کوچک ومتوسط استان لرستان طی سالهای 1380 تا 1391 می پردازد.جهت بررسی نتایج، پنج فرضیه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت .جهت تعیین نتایج، پرسش نامه ای تدوین گردید . روایی و پایایی آن به وسیله ی آزمون های مربوط مورد تایید قرار گرفت و دربین مدیران جامعه آماری پژوهش (مدیران صنایع کوچک و متوسط استان لرستان) توزیع شد و در نهایت تعداد 127 پرسش نامه قابل بهره برداری دریافت گردید. پس از جمع آوری اطلاعات از جامعه آماری پژوهش ،با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS و با روش رگرسیون، داده ها مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.نتایج این پژوهش حاکی از آن است که تحریم های اقتصادی بر عملکرد عوامل داخلی تولید،بازاریابی و امور مالی اثر منفی وبر عملکرد عوامل داخلی مدیریت و تحقیق و توسعه در صنایع کوچک و متوسط استان لرستان اثر مثبت دارد.
Sanctions are coercive contrivances that are applied by a country or a group of countries against another one which transgresses the international laws or contravenes the accepted ethical standards. The aim of sanction is to force the offender to cease its actions or at least to force the country to negotiate for ending its unaccepted actions. This study has been carried out to assess the effects of economic sanctions on the function of internal factors of small and medium size industries of Lorestan Province during 2001-2012. The study was performed in terms of five hypotheses. In order to collect data, the researchers used a questionnaire, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed by related tests. The questionnaire was distributed among the statistical population (managers of the small and medium industries of Lorestan Province), and 127 acceptable questionnaires were received. The data were analyzed by spss software and by using regression method. The results assert the existence of both positive and negative effects of economic sanctions on internal factors. While the sanctions have negatively influenced the performance of production, marketing and finance, they have improved the function of other internal factors such as management and research and development in the sample industries.
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Hufbauer, G and Schott,J (2001), Using Sanctions to Fight Terrorism ,Institute for International Economices, no: 9 , p: 18
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Lesmond, David A., Joseph P. Ogden, and Charles A. Trzcinka,(2012), “A New Estimate of Transaction costs”, The society for financial studies, no.5 ,p : 13.
Lopez, G and Cortright, D, (2000),”The sanctions decade Assessing” , Strategies in the 1990s. Boulder.
Lowenfeld, A. (1983), “Trade Controls for Political Ends” , United States of America:New York University.
Malloy M, (1990). Economic Sanctions and U.S. Trade.Boston: Little, Brown.UN, Document: S/RES/1835, date 27September 2008, Retrieved December 15
Meron, J.(1990), “Democracy, Dendency, and Destabilization: The shaking of alendes regim”, political science Quarterly
Monthly Oil Market Report (2012), International Petroleum News and Technology, Oil and Gas Journal
Pollack,Kenneth And Other, (2009),Which Path to Persia Washington; Brookings Institute Press.
Qawam, A. A. (2009). Economic Sanctions: Theories and Approaches. International Relations Monthly, (In Persian).
Sadjadpour, M. K. (1997). Assessment of Dual Containment: Quadruple different. Journal of Siyasat Khareji, (In Persian).
Safari Shali, R. (2007). Principles of Compilation of Research Proposals (Proposals). Tehran: Publications of Social and Culture, (In Persian).
Sayadi, M., & Berkeshli, F. (2012). Short-Term and long-term Effects of International Oil Sanctions on Iran's Energy Sector. Tehran: Strategic Research Center, (In Persian).
Shahabi, S. (2012). Economic Issues: Direct and Indirect Impact of Sanctions. Foreign Policy Monthly, (In Persian).
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Baker, T. L. (1997). How to conduct social research. Tehran: Ney Puplishing, (In Persian).
Behroozi Far, M., & Koukabi, S. (2006). US Sanctions, Tried Experimenting. Political and Economic Information Magazine, (In Persian).
Bergelljk.R(1989), “Success and failure of economic sanction”, Kyros journal
Carter, B.(1989), International Economic Sanction: Mproving the haphazard U .S.Legal Regim, Cambridge: Cambridge University press
Constraints, Political Advancements. Translated by: M. Dukht Afrasiyabi, (In Persian).
David Fred, R. A. (2007). Strategic Planning. Translate by: A. Parsayian & M. Arabi, Tehran: Publications Office of Cultural Research, (In Persian).
Doxey, M. (1999), “International Sanctions”, In World Politics: Power, Interdependence and Dependence, Canada: Harcourt Brace, Jovanovich.
Hafez Nia, M. R. (2002). Introduction to the Research Method in Humanities. Tehran: Publications of the Organization for the Study of Humanities in the Universities, (In Persian).
Hosseini, S. M., & Mahdizadeh Ashrafi, A. (2006). Research Method in Humanities. Tehran: Onean Publications, (In Persian).
Hanger, W. (2010). Basics of Strategic Management. Translate by: S. M. Arabi & H. R. Rezvani, Basics of Strategic Management. Tehran: Publications Office of Cultural Research, (In Persian).
Huntington, S(1999), The lonely superpower”, Foreign Affairs.
Hufbauer, G and Schott,J (2001), Using Sanctions to Fight Terrorism ,Institute for International Economices, no: 9 , p: 18
Kalantar Mehjerdi, A. (2013). Several Banking Proposals to Counteract Economic Sanctions. Journal of the Economic World, (In Persian).
Khaki, Gh. R. (2003). Research Method with Approach to Thesis Writing. Tehran: Reflections, (In Persian).
Kompfer, L. (2011). The Quality and Effectiveness of Western sanctions Against Iran. Translate by: Sh. Esfandiar. Tehran: Parsian Publishing House, (In Persian).
Lesmond, David A., Joseph P. Ogden, and Charles A. Trzcinka,(2012), “A New Estimate of Transaction costs”, The society for financial studies, no.5 ,p : 13.
Lopez, G and Cortright, D, (2000),”The sanctions decade Assessing” , Strategies in the 1990s. Boulder.
Lowenfeld, A. (1983), “Trade Controls for Political Ends” , United States of America:New York University.
Malloy M, (1990). Economic Sanctions and U.S. Trade.Boston: Little, Brown.UN, Document: S/RES/1835, date 27September 2008, Retrieved December 15
Meron, J.(1990), “Democracy, Dendency, and Destabilization: The shaking of alendes regim”, political science Quarterly
Monthly Oil Market Report (2012), International Petroleum News and Technology, Oil and Gas Journal
Pollack,Kenneth And Other, (2009),Which Path to Persia Washington; Brookings Institute Press.
Qawam, A. A. (2009). Economic Sanctions: Theories and Approaches. International Relations Monthly, (In Persian).
Sadjadpour, M. K. (1997). Assessment of Dual Containment: Quadruple different. Journal of Siyasat Khareji, (In Persian).
Safari Shali, R. (2007). Principles of Compilation of Research Proposals (Proposals). Tehran: Publications of Social and Culture, (In Persian).
Sayadi, M., & Berkeshli, F. (2012). Short-Term and long-term Effects of International Oil Sanctions on Iran's Energy Sector. Tehran: Strategic Research Center, (In Persian).
Shahabi, S. (2012). Economic Issues: Direct and Indirect Impact of Sanctions. Foreign Policy Monthly, (In Persian).