کاربرد یک مدل ریاضی برای متعادل سازی خط مونتاژ (مطالعه موردی: شرکت تراکتورسازی)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بازرگانی
مقصود سلیمان پور
1
(دانشیار، عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه ارومیه)
امین زینال زاده
2
(کارشناس ارشد مهندسی صنایع)
کلید واژه: مدل ریاضی, متعادل سازی خط مونتاژ, تولید انبوه,
چکیده مقاله :
خطوط مونتاژ به عنوان یکی از رویکردهای مهم در تولید انبوه محصولات صنعتی میباشند. امروزه این خطوط در تولید محصولات سفارشی با نرخ کم نیز مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد. عدم بالانس خطوط مونتاژ باعث افزایش زمان سیکل و زمانهای بیکاری و در نتیجه کاهش نرخ تولید، کارایی خط و افزایش هزینه های سیستم می شود که این عوامل در نهایت باعث بهره وری پایین در سازمان می گردد. این مساله باعث شده است که پژوهشگران و شاغلین در زمینه تولید و عملیات توجه ویژه ای به مساله متعادل سازی خط مونتاژ داشته باشند. در این مقاله، در بخش اول مبانی نظری و طرح دسته بندی بویسن و همکارانش در خصوص مسائل متعادل سازی مطالعه شده است. در بخش دوم وضعیت موجود یک شرکت نمونه مورد تحلیل قرار گرفته و سپس با توجه به معیار بهینگی و محدودیت های شرکت، یک روش ریاضی مناسب برای متعادل سازی خط انتخاب شده است. این مدل در نرم افزار LINGO توسط روش شاخه و کران حل شده و جواب بهینه سراسری آن به دست آمده است. به منظور ارزیابی تاثیر متعادل سازی، شاخص های مناسب برای دو وضعیت موجود و پیشنهادی محاسبه شده اند. در نهایت با مقایسه این شاخص ها برای دو حالت، نتیجه گیری های لازم در خصوص بهبود عملکرد سیستم بعمل آمده است.
Assembly lines are important approaches for mass production of industrial products. Nowadays, these lines are also used for producing customized products in low volume. Undesirable balancing increases the cycle time and idle time and subsequently decreases production rates and line efficiency while augmenting the cost of system. These factors ultimately reduce the productivity of manufacturing systems. For this reason, the researchers and practitioners of production and operation management take a deep concentration on assembly line balancing problem. In this paper, Boisen’s theoretic principles of line balancing are studied in the first section. In the second section, the current situation of a sample firm is analyzed and accordingly a suitable mathematical model is used for balancing with respect to the optimal standard and constraints of the firm. This model has been solved with a branch-and-bound procedure using LINGO Software and the global optimum solution has been found. In order to evaluate the effect of balancing, proper indices have been calculated for the current and proposed designs. Based on this comparison, some conclusions about the improvement of system’s performance have been pointed out.
Alwani, M., & Mirshafiei, N. (2004). Production Management. Mashhad: Astan Quds Razavi Publishing, (In Persian).
Becker C., Scholl A. (2006), “A survey on problems and methods in generalized assembly line balancing”, European Journal of Operational Research, Volume 168, Issue 3, pp. 694-715.
Bigdeli, M. (1999). Balancing the Assembly Line of the Peugeot 405 Engine. Industry Journal, 4, 6-14, (In Persian).
Boysen N., Fliedner M., Scholl A. (2007), “A classification of assembly line balancing problems”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 183, Issue 2, pp. 674-693.
Boysen N., Fliedner M., Scholl A. (2008), “Assembly line balancing: Which model to use when?”, International Journal of Production Economics, Volume 111, Issue 2, pp. 509-528.
Ghosh S., Gagnon Roger J. (1989), “A comprehensive literature review and analysis of the design, balancing and scheduling of assembly systems”, International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 27, Issue 4, pp. 637-670.
Hema, N., & Moradi Nejad, D. (2008). Software Guide LINGO 10. Software Development Group of Iran University of Science and Technology, (In Persian).
Kilbridge M., Wester L. (1961), “The Balance Delay Problem”, Management Science, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 69-84.
Kabir M.A., Tabucanon M.T. (1995), “Batch-model assembly line balancing: A multiattribute decision making approach”, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 41, Issues 1-3, pp. 193-201.
Lapierre Sophie D., Ruiz A., Soriano P. (2006), “Balancing assembly lines with tabu search”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 168, Issue 3, pp. 826-837.
Liu a C. M., Chiou J. M. (1990),“ Design and performance evaluation of closed automatic assembly systems”, International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 28, Issue 9, pp. 1577-1593.
Lindo Systems Inc. (2008), “Lingo User’s guide”, published by Lindo Syesems INC.
Merengo C., Nava F., Pozzetti A. (1999), “Balancing and sequencing manual mixed-model assembly lines”, International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 37, No 12, pp. 2835-2860.
Safavid, S. M. (2003). Mechanical Assembly Lesson. Isfahan: Isfahan University, (In Persian).
Scholl A., Becker C. (2006), “State-of-the-art exact and heuristic solution procedures for simple assembly line balancing”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 168, Issue 3, pp. 666-693.
Taghizadeh, H., & Portaqi Anvarian, J. (2006). Value Analysis and Application in Assembly Lines. Journal of Economics and Management, 71, 67-84, (In Persian).
Torabi, S. M. (1993). Theoretical Analysis of the Alignment of the Assembly Line with the Aim of Comparing and Presenting an Optimal Balancing Algorithm in the Engine Assembly Unit of the Iran Khodro Factory. Master Thesis, Tehran: Tarbiat Modarres University, (In Persian).
_||_
Alwani, M., & Mirshafiei, N. (2004). Production Management. Mashhad: Astan Quds Razavi Publishing, (In Persian).
Becker C., Scholl A. (2006), “A survey on problems and methods in generalized assembly line balancing”, European Journal of Operational Research, Volume 168, Issue 3, pp. 694-715.
Bigdeli, M. (1999). Balancing the Assembly Line of the Peugeot 405 Engine. Industry Journal, 4, 6-14, (In Persian).
Boysen N., Fliedner M., Scholl A. (2007), “A classification of assembly line balancing problems”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 183, Issue 2, pp. 674-693.
Boysen N., Fliedner M., Scholl A. (2008), “Assembly line balancing: Which model to use when?”, International Journal of Production Economics, Volume 111, Issue 2, pp. 509-528.
Ghosh S., Gagnon Roger J. (1989), “A comprehensive literature review and analysis of the design, balancing and scheduling of assembly systems”, International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 27, Issue 4, pp. 637-670.
Hema, N., & Moradi Nejad, D. (2008). Software Guide LINGO 10. Software Development Group of Iran University of Science and Technology, (In Persian).
Kilbridge M., Wester L. (1961), “The Balance Delay Problem”, Management Science, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 69-84.
Kabir M.A., Tabucanon M.T. (1995), “Batch-model assembly line balancing: A multiattribute decision making approach”, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 41, Issues 1-3, pp. 193-201.
Lapierre Sophie D., Ruiz A., Soriano P. (2006), “Balancing assembly lines with tabu search”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 168, Issue 3, pp. 826-837.
Liu a C. M., Chiou J. M. (1990),“ Design and performance evaluation of closed automatic assembly systems”, International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 28, Issue 9, pp. 1577-1593.
Lindo Systems Inc. (2008), “Lingo User’s guide”, published by Lindo Syesems INC.
Merengo C., Nava F., Pozzetti A. (1999), “Balancing and sequencing manual mixed-model assembly lines”, International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 37, No 12, pp. 2835-2860.
Safavid, S. M. (2003). Mechanical Assembly Lesson. Isfahan: Isfahan University, (In Persian).
Scholl A., Becker C. (2006), “State-of-the-art exact and heuristic solution procedures for simple assembly line balancing”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 168, Issue 3, pp. 666-693.
Taghizadeh, H., & Portaqi Anvarian, J. (2006). Value Analysis and Application in Assembly Lines. Journal of Economics and Management, 71, 67-84, (In Persian).
Torabi, S. M. (1993). Theoretical Analysis of the Alignment of the Assembly Line with the Aim of Comparing and Presenting an Optimal Balancing Algorithm in the Engine Assembly Unit of the Iran Khodro Factory. Master Thesis, Tehran: Tarbiat Modarres University, (In Persian).