اندازه گیری و تحلیل بهره وری عوامل تولید (مطالعه موردی:بخش صنعت استان کردستان)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بازرگانی
صدیقه عطرکار روشن
1
(عضو هیأت علمی،گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه الزهرا)
فاطمه رسولی
2
(کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد، دانشگاه الزهرا)
کلید واژه: کردستان, تحلیل بهره وری, پنل, تابع ترانسلوگ, شاخص دیویژیا,
چکیده مقاله :
مدیریت بهره وری مستلزم شناخت اجزا و تحلیل تغییرات آن در پروسه توسعه است. در این پژوهش بهره وری کل عوامل تولید و همچنین به تفکیک گروه های صنعتی با استفاده از داده های ترکیبی، طی سالهای 90-1384 در بخش صنعت استان کردستان اندازه گیری، و روند آن مورد تحلیل قرار گرفته است. بر این اساس ،صنایع استان بر حسب طبقه بندی بین المللی فعالیتهای صنعتی (ISIC,Rev,2) به 23 گروه صنعتی تقسیم، و پس از برآورد توابع تولید، و محاسبه کشش ها با استفاده از شاخص دیویژیا ، و به کمک داده های ترکیبی، بهره وری کل عوامل تولید اندازه گیری شد. با توجه به نبود داده های موجودی سرمایه در منابع آماری، آمارهای فوق نیز در این تحقیق مورد محاسبه قرار گرفت. نتایج ، نشان می دهد که شاخص بهره وری نیروی کار در کل بخش صنعت استان ، به طور متوسط سالانه 2 درصد کاهش داشته و بیشترین کاهش بهره وری نیروی کار متعلق به گروه تولید محصولات لاستیکی و پلاستیکی بوده است. در طول دوره مورد مطالعه، بهره وری کل عوامل در بخش صنعت استان 06/0 بوده است.
The purpose of this research is to measure and analyse the total factor productivity (TFP). The case under study is the industrial sector of Kordestan Province in Iran. In order to achieve this goal, based on the International classification of the commodities, ( ISIC Riv, 2) and applying panel data for the period 2005-2011, the industrial sector is categorized into 23 groups and the productivity is measured. Since the data for the capital stock is not available for the Kordestan Province, it is calculated in this study first. Using various production functions, and selecting the most suitable functions, the elastisities, are then estimated. In the next step, the TFP is measured by applying the Divisia Index, for the period under consideration. The findings of this research show that TFP for the Industrial sector of Kordestan Province has reduced annually by 2 percent on average.However, the TFP in the industrial sector as a whole was 0/06 during the period under study.
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- Abtahi, H and Kazemi, B. (1996), “Productivity” Tehran, Institute of Commerce Studies and Research.
- Ashrafzadeh, H and Mehrghan, N. (2008), “Econometric Panel Data”, Tehran, Cooperative Research Institute of Tehran University.
- Emami Meybodi, A. (2000), “Principles of Measuring Performance and Productivity (Applied Science)”, Tehran, Institute of Commerce Studies and Research.
- Amini, A. (2005), “Measurement and analysis of factors affecting total factor productivity in the industrial and mining sectors”, Program and Budget Magazine, N 4.
- Baltaji, H. (2008), “Econometric studies”, (Translation: Reza Taleb Leo and Sholeh Bagheri Farsi). Tehran: Neshrani.
- Dehmorde, N and Ghasht ghar, N. (2011), “Estimation of labor and capital productivity in industry and mining sector of Sistan and Balouchestan province”, Master's thesis. Sistan, Baluchestan University.
- Zarae Nejad, M and Ansari, E. (2007), “Measurement of capital productivity in major industries of Khuzestan province”, Quarterly Economic Reviews.
- National Productivity Organization. (1997), “Guidance on Measuring and Analyzing Productivity in Industrial Units”, Tehran, Basir Publications.
- Salimi Far, M. (2005), “Productivity of production factors and their application in major industries of Khorasan province”. www.sid.ir.
- Shakeri, A. (2006), “Microeconomics 2”, Theories and Applications, Tehran, Ney Publication.
- Abasiyan, E and Mehrghan, N. (2006), “Measuring the Productivity of Factors in Economic Sectors of the Country by Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)”, Journal of Economic Research, N 78.
- Asghari, H. (2009), “Productivity Analysis in Ilam Province Industries”, Quarterly journal of commercial research, N 62.
- Fotros, M; Dehghanpur, M and Dehmobad, B. (2011), “Effect of Productivity on Economic Growth of Iran's Manufacturing Industries with Combined Data Approach”, Development Management Process, N 1.
- Ghachrani, D. (1995), “Econometric bases”, (Translated by Hamid Abrishami), Tehran, Tehran University Press.
- Deputy Economic and Planning. (1995), “Basic Concepts of Productivity”, Tehran, Foundation of Mostazafan and devotees of the Islamic Revolution.
- - Statistical Center of Iran. www. amar.org.ir
- - Nicholson, Walter. (2002), “Microeconomic Theory Basic Principles and Additional Issues”, (Translation by Mohammad Mehdi Asgari, Tehran: Imam Sadiq University.
- Bonelli, R. (2007), Growth and Productivity in Brazilian Industries. Journal of Development Economics.Vol 39.
- Diewert, W.E (1976), Exact and Superlative Index Numbers. Journal of Econometrics. Vol 4.
- God Frey, Kalinga (2006), Economic Growth and Total Factor Productivity in Niger. IMF Working Paper, WP/06/208.
- Jajri, Idris. (2011), Total Factor Productivity and Output Growth in Malaysian, Annals: Economic and Administrative Series .Vol 5.
- Jiangsu Province. China Economic Review. Vol 9.
- Miller, Eric. (2008),an Assessment of CES and Cobb-Douglas Production Functions. Congressional Budget Office.
- Seshaiah, S. Venkata. & Reddy, V.K. (1993), Productivity Trends in Some Industries of Anthrapradesh Manufacturing Sector, The Indian Economic Journal. Vol 41.
- Van der Eng, P. (2009), Total Factor Productivity and Economic Growth. Oxford University Press.