رویکرد سیستماتیک جهت استخراج پارامترهای طراحی محصولات با استفاده از طراحی آزمایشات درانقلاب صنعتی چهارم
بابک اجلالی
1
(
دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده مدیریت و مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، تهران، ایران.
)
کریم آتشگر
2
(
دانشیار، گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده مدیریت و مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، تهران، ایران
)
کلید واژه: رضایت مشتریان, طراحی آزمایشات, انقلاب صنعتی چهارم, کیفیت 4., طراحی محصول,
چکیده مقاله :
با ظهور انقلاب صنعتی چهارم و تاثیرات شگرف آن بر صنایع و شیوه های تولید و ایجاد چالشهای جدید در حوزه مدیریت کیفیت ، نیازمند بازنگری در شیوه های سنتی مدیریت کیفیت می باشد.کیفیت 4. در واقع نسخه به روز شده مدیریت کیفیت سنتی است که با استفاده از ابزارهای دیجیتالی به دنبال بهبود روشهای سنتی کنترل کیفیت و همگام شدن باانقلاب صنعتی چهارم است.از اینرو بدست اوردن ابزاری که بتواند نیازمندیهای متنوع مشتریان را پاسخ مثبت داده ، امروزه بعنوان یک فاکتور کلیدی جهت تصاحب سهم بازار و کاهش نفوذ رقبا و بقا صنایع است.طراحی آزمایشات به عنوان ابزار(تحلیل آماری داده ها) کیفیت 4. نیازمند پیاده سازی الزامات کیفیت 4. است.در ابتدا به کارهای انجام شده در حوزه طراحی آزمایشات و تشریح فرصتها و چالشهای موجود پرداخته و با معرفی ارکان انقلاب صنعتی چهارم، به معرفی کیفیت 4.بعنوان یکی از الزامات اساسی اشاره می نماید و سپس چارچوب و ابزارهای مورد نیاز آن را تحلیل نموده و در ادامه به تشریح روش طراحی آزمایشات در محیط کیفیت 4. پرداخته و الگوریتم آنرا بصورت گام به گام توضیح می دهد. این مقاله با معرفی روشی سیستماتیک جهت استخراج پارامترهای اصلی در طراحی محصولات بر اساس تجربیات کاربران واستفاده از این پارامترها به عنوان عوامل اصلی در طراحی آزمایشات به معرفی روشی قدرتمند جهت طراحی آزمایشات در محیط کیفیت 4 که با افزایش رضایت مشتریان می تواند به مدیران در ارتقا بهره وری کمک نماید.
چکیده انگلیسی :
The emergence of the fourth industrial revolution (industry 4.) and its tremendous effects on industries, and production methods, provids new challenges in the field of quality management, and ledas quality specialists to revise the traditional methods of quality management. Quality 4. Really, is an updated version of the traditional quality management that seeks to improve traditional quality control methods using digital tools of the fourth industrial revolution. Design of experiment is also an important tool in the statistical analysis of data in the quality management area. This research attempts to provide customer satisfaction focusing on developming the quality 4 in the fourth industrial revolution. Develioping tools capability to positively respond to the diverse demands and needs of customers, This paper, firstly, focuses on the design of experiment field and describes the existing opportunities and challenges. This paper after introduceing the pillars of the fourth industrial revolution, describses the quality 4 and its structure and requirements. This paper based on the quality 4 describes the method of designing experiments in the quality4 environment. and explains its algorithm step by step. This research introduces a systematic method leading to extract the main parameters of the design of experiment. This research introduces a model for design of experiment in the quality 4 environment. The method of this research is based on the review of published references, so that the applied methodologies of the references have been validated using case studies. This research is defined in three main branches: 1) Identification of industry 4 requirements, 2) Extraction of the main parameters for design of experiments for products considering customer satisfaction. 3) Implementing the design of experiments for the fourth industrial revolution.
Keywords: customer satisfaction, design of experiment, Fourth(4th) industrial revolution, Quality 4., product design
1. Introduction
The Design of experiments is a quantitative tool and a subset of quality, which is used for the statistical optimization of system performance. The purpose of the above method is to manage the value of the input variables to reach the optimal values of the test sample and the goals of the tests. The fourth industrial revolution has led to fundamental changes in production methods and the emergence of new tools and concepts such as the Internet of Things, smart products, smart factories and cyber security. The industrial revolution has two basic pillars of flexibility against extensive changes in economic and social fields With the approach of decentralization and flexibility, and the other flexibility against the pressures of technology in the field of industry, such as smart phone, 3D printer. Quality 4. is a developed approach that is a combination of traditional quality methods with new technologies. Quality 4. Relying on artificial intelligence, it seeks to respond to the diverse needs of industries that have faced fundamental changes with the emergence of the fourth industrial revolution. This research aims to introduce an effective model based on the literature based on the design of wind experiments with the aim of: 1) keeping pace with the developments of the fourth industrial revolution. 2) product design based on customer experiences to increase customer satisfaction.
2. Literature Review
Fractional factorial designs, Taguchi design of experiments, composite central design, Box-Benken design, robust parameter designs, computer-aided designs, design of experiments using response surface methodology (Winer, 1962; Paulo Davim, 2012; Antony et al., 2006). They are considered one of the most important methods of designing experiments. . The fourth industrial revolution's modular manufacturing smart factory, a cyber-physical system that monitors physical processes, has created a virtual copy of the physical world that enables decentralized decision-making. The requirements of the fourth industrial revolution, which is obtained from the research (Ustundag & Cevikcan, 2018) on the Internet of Things and cyber-physical system, robotics developments, the role of augmented reality, and the roadmap of technology and intelligent development, are introduced as the characteristics of the fourth industrial revolution. Quality 4 It can be seen as the improved approach of the previous quality models, which was improved at the same time as the developments of the fourth industrial revolution, and it is seeking the satisfaction of customers and continuous improvement, and it has a direct relationship with lean production and 6 sigma and comprehensive quality management. (Chiarini & Kumar, 2021). The reasons for improving quality 4. are introduced by the fourth industrial revolution and the emergence of new concepts and the ineffectiveness of the traditional management approach in responding to these needs. Past researches by authors such as (Hong et al., 2022), (Al-Zahrani et al., 2021) and (Nikolajan et al., 2019) consider the basic components of quality 4. as a requirement for the successful establishment of quality 4. in the fourth industrial revolution.
- Methodology
The main goal of this research is to obtain an accurate algorithm to determine the design of products according to The experiences and desires of customers. Quality management 4. It is very important as a powerful tool that can keep up with the developments of the fourth industrial revolution, on the one hand, by monitoring the production process, and on the other hand, by connecting to the marketing process and feedback to customers' needs, to ensure customer satisfaction and achieve production goals (satisfaction of stakeholders). The most important requirements of quality management 4. Business direction in brief are: the most important stakeholders, business strategy goals, available assets, competitors, drivers (customer satisfaction). The architecture of the fourth industrial revolution and its implementation components in the business plan including attention to things such as: big data, physical cyber system, Internet of Things service, digitalization, artificial intelligence. The intensity of the data flow and the size of the analyzed data set required a review of the traditional methods of designing experiments in the fourth industrial revolution, so in this research, a new method for designing experiments based on the fourth industrial revolution, which consists of seventy steps in total, are: Familiarize yourself with the requirements of the fourth industrial revolution, make a list of iterative optimization method and artificial intelligence methods, combine one optimization method with an artificial intelligence method (according to the process), match the industry platform 4. with the case research (industry) Study, determine the purpose of the research (design of experiments), determine the most important tools for recording data in quality management 4. Knowing the process, specifying the factors, specifying the levels of the factors/response variable, the relationship between quality management tools 4. through intelligence Determine artificial (or predictive model) (finding machine parameters), ranking and training data by artificial intelligence, using different machine learning models to predict part quality, inspection methods for components of complex 3D designs, selecting and specifying high-tech equipment For the above purpose, to convert the classification result of the levels of factors into a continuous model, to specify the design method of the experiments, to compare the results with the design goals. It was used to satisfy these demands. In this method, which is based on the design of experiments, it consists of 5 stages: defining the problem, defining factors and response variables, defining experimental tests, conducting experiments, and obtaining results.
4. Result
In this research, by going through the traditional methods of production and synchronizing with digitalization and integrating technology with globalization and striving to get a major share of the market, we inevitably defined the fourth industrial revolution and its requirements in various industries. In the following, we showed that just as traditional quality management has been a suitable tool to strengthen traditional production, quality 4. also plays this role in the fourth industrial revolution. In order to establish it, we need to implement quality components and dimensions. The methods of designing of experiments with the approach of customer satisfaction in the fourth industrial revolution compared to the design of customer satisfaction tests show that the above method is based on parameters such as: flexibility, distance between the designer and customers, percentage Customer satisfaction, the possibility of involvement in the field of design, the speed of design, the quality level of risk management and reliability, the finished price of the product is superior to the traditional method of design and tests, and it increases the ability and competitiveness of industries in today's challenging world.
- Discussion
In fact, it can be said that this research is based on four principles: 1. Presenting a model for designing of experiments in the fourth industrial revolution as a very strong statistical tool and quantitative analysis of quality. 4. It can properly play its role to reduce costs and increase the efficiency of intelligent industry. This research provides optimal indicators to the experimenter in order to use the most suitable method among the various methods of designing experiments. 3. This research provides a suitable algorithm to find the optimal criterion of customer satisfaction. 4. Using the method of designing experiments as a quantitative tool to determine factors which increases customer satisfaction in the fourth industrial revolution (as a vital element for the sustainability of industries in the challenging competitive market of the new era).
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