توسعه دولت کارآفرین و ارتقای ظرفیت‌های سازمانی در بخش دولتی (واکاوی پیشران‌های دولت کارآفرین در بخش دولتی سیستان و بلوچستان)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت دولتی
الهه میری‌نژاد
1
,
نور محمد یعقوبی
2
,
مسعود دهقانی
3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی زاهدان، ایران
2 - استاد گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.
3 - استادیار گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه ولایت ایرانشهر، ایران
کلید واژه: کارآفرینی, سیستان و بلوچستان, مدیریت دولتی, دولت کارآفرین,
چکیده مقاله :
طی چند دهه اخیر، موضوع کارآفرینی توجه زیادی را در بخش دولتی به خود جلب کرده است، به‌گونه‌ای که امروزه با رویکرد جدیدی از مدیریت دولتی با عنوان دولت کارآفرین روبه‌رو هستیم. کارآفرینی برای مرتفع ساختن مشکلات مزمن خدمات اداری و دولتی مطرح شده است که این موضوع نیاز به بررسی و شناسایی پیشران‌های مؤثر بر این رویکرد دارد. بر همین اساس، پژوهش حاضر با هدف واکاوی پیشران‌های توسعه دولت کارآفرین در کشور انجام شده است. بدین منظور پس از تعریف موضوع و انجام مطالعات اکتشافی و کتابخانه‌ای اولیه، عوامل و مؤلفه‌های مربوط از طریق روش دلفی و توسط پرسشنامه‌ای محقق ساخته به نظر خبرگان رسید و پس از اخذ نظرات اصلاحی کیفی و کمّی از سوی ایشان بر اساس روش‌های آماری مربوط تحلیل و در نهایت تناسب مدل، مؤلفه‌ها و ترکیب عوامل به اجماع آنان رسید. جامعه مورد مطالعه در این بخش شامل 33نفر از خبرگان دانشگاهی و حرفه‌ای آشنا با موضوع است که به‌صورت غیراحتمالی و قضاوتی انتخاب شدند. در ادامه، برای آزمون مدل طراحی‌شده پرسشنامه‌ای محقق‌ساخته در بین 335نفر از مدیران و کارشناسان سازمان‌های منتخب بخش دولتی در استان سیستان و بلوچستان که به روش خوشه‌ای تصادفی انتخاب شدند، توزیع شد و تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌های به‌دست‌آمده با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی تأییدی توسط نرم‌افزار Smart PLS 3 انجام شد. درنهایت، نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که سه دسته پیشران‌های ساختاری، محتوایی و زمینه‌ای بر توسعه دولت کارآفرین در کشور تأثیر دارد. از این میان، پیشران‌های محتوایی با ضریب تأثیر 6/43، بیشترین اثرگذاری را بر توسعه کارآفرینی در سازمان‌های بخش دولتی دارند.
In recent decades, the issue of entrepreneurship has attracted a lot of attention in the public sector, creating a new approach to government management called entrepreneurial government which has been raised to address the chronic problems of administrative and government services. Hence, there is a need to study and identify the drivers that affect this approach. Accordingly, the present study aims to investigate the drivers for developing entrepreneurial government in the country. To this end, after defining the subject and conducting initial exploratory and library studies, the relevant factors and components were considered by experts using the Delphi method and a researcher-made questionnaire. Having revised the factors and their components qualitatively and quantitatively based on related statistical methods, the experts reached a consensus on the balance among the model, its components, and combination of factors. The study sample in this section included 33 academic experts and professionals familiar with the subject who were recruited through non-probability, judgmental sampling. Then, in order to test the designed model, a researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among 335 managers and experts of the selected public sector organizations in Sistan and Balouchestan province who were recruited through random cluster sampling. Finally, PLS 3 was performed to analyze the data. The results showed that three categories of structural, content and contextual drivers are effective on the development of entrepreneurial government in the country, from among which content factors with an impact factor of 43.6 have the greatest impact on the development of entrepreneurial government.
Research by Modeling Structural Equations of Minor Squares (SEM-PLS). Journal of Business Research, 21(82), 33-65. [In Persian]
Alam beige, A., & Afghahi, B. (2013). Investigating the role of entrepreneurial organizational space in improving the innovative performance of government agricultural research institutes. Journal of Public Management, 5(3), 103-122. [In Persian]
Alvani, S. M., Safari, S., Kohan Housh nejad, R., & Khodamoradi, S. (2016). Factors affecting organizational entrepreneurship (Case study: food industry). Journal of Management Studies (Improvement and Transformation), 25(8), 1-27. [In Persian]
Alvani, S. M., Safari, S., Kohan Housh nejad, R., & Khodamoradi, S. (2013). Identifying and prioritizing organizational factors affecting the implementation of organizational entrepreneurship dimensions by explaining the role of entrepreneurial institutionalization. Journal of Management Studies (Improvement and Transformation), 23(7), 1-26. [In Persian]
Arab shahi, A. (2016). Explain the concept and dimensions of entrepreneurial organization (from the nature to the design and implementation process). Journal of Entrepreneurship in Agriculture, 3(3), 71-90. [In Persian]
Azma, F., & Aghayi, J. (2009). The relationship between organizational structure and organizational entrepreneurship in the Agricultural Jihad Organization of North Khorasan Province. Educational Research Journal, 21, 1-26. [In Persian]
Batalli, M. (2011). Impact of Public Administration Innovations on Enhancing the Citizens’ Expectations. International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, 1(2), 156-162.
Brinkerhoff, D.W., & Brinkerhoff, J.M. (2015). Public Sector Management Reform in Developing Countries: Perspectives beyond NPM Orthodoxy. Public administration and development, 35(4), 222-237.
Calogero, M. (2010). The Introduction of New Public Management Principles in the Italian Public Sector. Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences, 6(30), 30-54.
Christensen, K.S. (2012). A classification of the corporate entrepreneurship umbrella: labels and perspectives. International Journal of Management Enterprise Development, 1(4), 301-315.
Christopher, S., Hayter, A.N., Link, J., & Scott, T. (2018). Public-sector entrepreneurship. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 34(4), 676–694.
Davari, A., & Reza zade, A. (2013). Structural equation modeling with PLS software. Tehran: University Jihad Publications, first edition, 1-240. [In Persian]
Dehghan, R., Talebi, K., & Arabiyoun, A. (2012). A study on the factors affecting innovation and organizational entrepreneurship in medical universities. Journal of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (Payavard Salamat), 6(1), 22-33. [In Persian]
Dehghani, M., Yaghoubi, N. M., Mougheli, A. R., & Vazife, Z. (2019). Provide a comprehensive model of factors affecting the effective establishment of knowledge management. Journal of New Approach in Educational Management, 10(1), 111-132. [In Persian]
Demircioglu, M.A., & Chowdhury, F. (2020). Entrepreneurship in public organizations: the role of leadership behavior. Small Business Economics, Springer, 57, 1107–1123.
Edalatian, J., Abdi bousjin, S., Abdi jamayeran, A., & Sabouni ziarani, S. (2017). Investigating the role and position of entrepreneurship education in organizations.
Bimonthly of Applied Studies in Management and Development Sciences, 2(8), 67-78. [In Persian]
Getha-Taylor, H. (2019). Revitalize the Public Service, Revitalize the Middle Class. Public Administration Review, 79(5), 772-776.
Ghahramani, M., Pardokhtchi, M. H., & Houssein zade, T. (2010). Organizational culture and its relationship with organizational entrepreneurship. Public Management Perspective, 1, 25-39. [In Persian]
Hagh shenas, A., Jamshidian, M., Shaemi, A., Shahin, A., & Yazdan shenas, M. (2007). Organizational Entrepreneurship Model in the Public Sector of Iran. Iranian Journal of Management Sciences, 2(8), 31-73. [In Persian]
Hayter, C. S., Link, A. N., & Scott, J. T. (2018). Public-sector entrepreneurship. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 34(4), 676-694.
Jahangiri, A. (2002). Sustainable development and entrepreneurship in government. Management and development process, 58, 45-53. [In Persian]
Jahangiri, A., & Mobaraki, M. H. (2009). Provide an appropriate perceptual framework of entrepreneurship in the public sector. Entrepreneurship Development, 2(1), 35-60. [In Persian]
Kaid, A. and Rosli, M. (2011). How does organizational culture shape the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and the organizational performance of banks? European Journal of Social Sciences, 20(1)28- 46.
Kalimullah, N.A., Ashraf Alam, K.B., & Ashaduzzaman Nour, M.M. (2012). New Public Management:Emergence and Principles. BUP Journal,1(1),1-22.
Lackéus, M., Lundqvist, M., Williams, K., & Johan Inden, M. (2020). The entrepreneurial employee in the public and private sector; What, Why, How. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 1-52.
Mehdi beige, N., Kamalian, A, R., Yaghoubi, N. M., Pour ezzat, A. A., & Ronaghi, M. H. (2019). Developing the capacity of administrative system reform in the light of smart organization with data-driven approach. Journal of Human Resource Management Research, 9(3), 111-132. [In Persian]
Moghimi, S. M. (2010). Transformation of public management culture from bureaucratic culture to entrepreneurial culture (Case study: Ministry of Energy headquarters). Journal of Management Behavior and Progress Daneshvar, 17(41), 293-310. [In Persian]
Moradi, M., Ebrahim pour, M., Mombini, Y. (2015). Investigating the effect of behavioral integration of senior management and organizational ambiguity on performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior Studies, 4(3), 61-95. [In Persian]
Nasiri zangabad, A., Rasouli, R., Alodari, H., & Mohammad zade, A. (2016). Designing an Entrepreneurial Government Model for Iranian Administrative Organizations. Journal of Management of Government Organizations, 5(1), 89-106. [In Persian]
Newnham, Leonie C. 2018. The relationship between workplace innovation and organizational culture: a case study of a Victorian public sector organization. Ph.D. Dissertation, School of Management, College of Business, RMIT University, 1-449.
Ocampo, R.B. (2014). Models of Public Administration Reform: “New Public Management (NPM)”, Asian Review of Public Administration, 248-255.
Olsson, A.R., Westlund, H., & Larsson, J. (2020). Entrepreneurial Governance and Local Growth. Sustainability, 12, 1-16.
Piran nejad, A., & Afkhami Ardakani, M. (2015). Investigating the Factors Affecting Entrepreneurship in Governmental Organizations (Case Study: Iran Petroleum Industry Research Institute). Journal of Organizational Culture Management, 13(3), 763-784. [In Persian]
Salarian zade, M. H., Sadr, F., Vaez mahdavi, M. R., & Maher, A. (2011). Factors affecting organizational entrepreneurship in Iranian public health organizations.Health Information Management,8(8),1199-1212.[In Persian]
Shekari, M. R., Esmaeili givi, M. R., & Keshaverz, H. (2016). Investigating knowledge management infrastructure and its impact on organizational intelligence in research institutes affiliated to the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. Journal of Information Processing and Management, 4(31), 1075-1097. [In Persian]
Vaez Mahdavi, M. R., Salarianzade, M. H., & Sadr, F. (2011). Assessing systematic accountability to citizens in Tehran. Hakim Research Journal, 14(2), 28-56.
Vakili, Y., Alvani, S.M., & Mohannadi-Elyasi, Gh. (2014). Explain the role of environmental factors in the development of entrepreneurship in the public sector. Journal of Entrepreneurship development, 2, 191-210. [In Persian].
Wipulanusat, W., Panuwatwanich, K., & Stewart, R. A. (2018). Pathways to workplace innovation and career satisfaction in the public service: the role of leadership and culture. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 26(5), 890-914.
Wipulanusat,W., Panuwatwanich, K., Stewart, R. A., & Sunkpho, J. (2019). Drivers and barriers to innovation in the Australian public service: a qualitative thematic analysis. Engineering Management in Production and Services, 11(1), 7–22.
Yadollahi farsi, J., Azizi ziarat, & O., Khastar, H. (2009). Investigating the Relationship between Structure and Organizational Entrepreneurship (Case Study: Private Banks in Tehran). Entrepreneurship Development, 2(5), 55-80. [In Persian]
Yadollahi farsi, J., Jan nesari, S. A., & Zamani, M. (2008). Investigating Internal Organizational Entrepreneurship in Governmental Organizations (Case Study in Khuzestan Province). Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 1(1), 171-206. [In Persian]
Zare ahmad abadi, H., Zamzam, F., Zare bonad koudaki, M. R., & Habibiraze abadi, M. (2018). Analysis of organizational entrepreneurship factors with a combined approach of basic theory and fuzzy cognitive mapping, Case study: Yazd Electricity Distribution Company. Journal of Transformation Management, 10(20), 95-122. [In Persian]
_||_Research by Modeling Structural Equations of Minor Squares (SEM-PLS). Journal of Business Research, 21(82), 33-65. [In Persian]
Alam beige, A., & Afghahi, B. (2013). Investigating the role of entrepreneurial organizational space in improving the innovative performance of government agricultural research institutes. Journal of Public Management, 5(3), 103-122. [In Persian]
Alvani, S. M., Safari, S., Kohan Housh nejad, R., & Khodamoradi, S. (2016). Factors affecting organizational entrepreneurship (Case study: food industry). Journal of Management Studies (Improvement and Transformation), 25(8), 1-27. [In Persian]
Alvani, S. M., Safari, S., Kohan Housh nejad, R., & Khodamoradi, S. (2013). Identifying and prioritizing organizational factors affecting the implementation of organizational entrepreneurship dimensions by explaining the role of entrepreneurial institutionalization. Journal of Management Studies (Improvement and Transformation), 23(7), 1-26. [In Persian]
Arab shahi, A. (2016). Explain the concept and dimensions of entrepreneurial organization (from the nature to the design and implementation process). Journal of Entrepreneurship in Agriculture, 3(3), 71-90. [In Persian]
Azma, F., & Aghayi, J. (2009). The relationship between organizational structure and organizational entrepreneurship in the Agricultural Jihad Organization of North Khorasan Province. Educational Research Journal, 21, 1-26. [In Persian]
Batalli, M. (2011). Impact of Public Administration Innovations on Enhancing the Citizens’ Expectations. International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, 1(2), 156-162.
Brinkerhoff, D.W., & Brinkerhoff, J.M. (2015). Public Sector Management Reform in Developing Countries: Perspectives beyond NPM Orthodoxy. Public administration and development, 35(4), 222-237.
Calogero, M. (2010). The Introduction of New Public Management Principles in the Italian Public Sector. Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences, 6(30), 30-54.
Christensen, K.S. (2012). A classification of the corporate entrepreneurship umbrella: labels and perspectives. International Journal of Management Enterprise Development, 1(4), 301-315.
Christopher, S., Hayter, A.N., Link, J., & Scott, T. (2018). Public-sector entrepreneurship. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 34(4), 676–694.
Davari, A., & Reza zade, A. (2013). Structural equation modeling with PLS software. Tehran: University Jihad Publications, first edition, 1-240. [In Persian]
Dehghan, R., Talebi, K., & Arabiyoun, A. (2012). A study on the factors affecting innovation and organizational entrepreneurship in medical universities. Journal of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (Payavard Salamat), 6(1), 22-33. [In Persian]
Dehghani, M., Yaghoubi, N. M., Mougheli, A. R., & Vazife, Z. (2019). Provide a comprehensive model of factors affecting the effective establishment of knowledge management. Journal of New Approach in Educational Management, 10(1), 111-132. [In Persian]
Demircioglu, M.A., & Chowdhury, F. (2020). Entrepreneurship in public organizations: the role of leadership behavior. Small Business Economics, Springer, 57, 1107–1123.
Edalatian, J., Abdi bousjin, S., Abdi jamayeran, A., & Sabouni ziarani, S. (2017). Investigating the role and position of entrepreneurship education in organizations.
Bimonthly of Applied Studies in Management and Development Sciences, 2(8), 67-78. [In Persian]
Getha-Taylor, H. (2019). Revitalize the Public Service, Revitalize the Middle Class. Public Administration Review, 79(5), 772-776.
Ghahramani, M., Pardokhtchi, M. H., & Houssein zade, T. (2010). Organizational culture and its relationship with organizational entrepreneurship. Public Management Perspective, 1, 25-39. [In Persian]
Hagh shenas, A., Jamshidian, M., Shaemi, A., Shahin, A., & Yazdan shenas, M. (2007). Organizational Entrepreneurship Model in the Public Sector of Iran. Iranian Journal of Management Sciences, 2(8), 31-73. [In Persian]
Hayter, C. S., Link, A. N., & Scott, J. T. (2018). Public-sector entrepreneurship. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 34(4), 676-694.
Jahangiri, A. (2002). Sustainable development and entrepreneurship in government. Management and development process, 58, 45-53. [In Persian]
Jahangiri, A., & Mobaraki, M. H. (2009). Provide an appropriate perceptual framework of entrepreneurship in the public sector. Entrepreneurship Development, 2(1), 35-60. [In Persian]
Kaid, A. and Rosli, M. (2011). How does organizational culture shape the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and the organizational performance of banks? European Journal of Social Sciences, 20(1)28- 46.
Kalimullah, N.A., Ashraf Alam, K.B., & Ashaduzzaman Nour, M.M. (2012). New Public Management:Emergence and Principles. BUP Journal,1(1),1-22.
Lackéus, M., Lundqvist, M., Williams, K., & Johan Inden, M. (2020). The entrepreneurial employee in the public and private sector; What, Why, How. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 1-52.
Mehdi beige, N., Kamalian, A, R., Yaghoubi, N. M., Pour ezzat, A. A., & Ronaghi, M. H. (2019). Developing the capacity of administrative system reform in the light of smart organization with data-driven approach. Journal of Human Resource Management Research, 9(3), 111-132. [In Persian]
Moghimi, S. M. (2010). Transformation of public management culture from bureaucratic culture to entrepreneurial culture (Case study: Ministry of Energy headquarters). Journal of Management Behavior and Progress Daneshvar, 17(41), 293-310. [In Persian]
Moradi, M., Ebrahim pour, M., Mombini, Y. (2015). Investigating the effect of behavioral integration of senior management and organizational ambiguity on performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior Studies, 4(3), 61-95. [In Persian]
Nasiri zangabad, A., Rasouli, R., Alodari, H., & Mohammad zade, A. (2016). Designing an Entrepreneurial Government Model for Iranian Administrative Organizations. Journal of Management of Government Organizations, 5(1), 89-106. [In Persian]
Newnham, Leonie C. 2018. The relationship between workplace innovation and organizational culture: a case study of a Victorian public sector organization. Ph.D. Dissertation, School of Management, College of Business, RMIT University, 1-449.
Ocampo, R.B. (2014). Models of Public Administration Reform: “New Public Management (NPM)”, Asian Review of Public Administration, 248-255.
Olsson, A.R., Westlund, H., & Larsson, J. (2020). Entrepreneurial Governance and Local Growth. Sustainability, 12, 1-16.
Piran nejad, A., & Afkhami Ardakani, M. (2015). Investigating the Factors Affecting Entrepreneurship in Governmental Organizations (Case Study: Iran Petroleum Industry Research Institute). Journal of Organizational Culture Management, 13(3), 763-784. [In Persian]
Salarian zade, M. H., Sadr, F., Vaez mahdavi, M. R., & Maher, A. (2011). Factors affecting organizational entrepreneurship in Iranian public health organizations.Health Information Management,8(8),1199-1212.[In Persian]
Shekari, M. R., Esmaeili givi, M. R., & Keshaverz, H. (2016). Investigating knowledge management infrastructure and its impact on organizational intelligence in research institutes affiliated to the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. Journal of Information Processing and Management, 4(31), 1075-1097. [In Persian]
Vaez Mahdavi, M. R., Salarianzade, M. H., & Sadr, F. (2011). Assessing systematic accountability to citizens in Tehran. Hakim Research Journal, 14(2), 28-56.
Vakili, Y., Alvani, S.M., & Mohannadi-Elyasi, Gh. (2014). Explain the role of environmental factors in the development of entrepreneurship in the public sector. Journal of Entrepreneurship development, 2, 191-210. [In Persian].
Wipulanusat, W., Panuwatwanich, K., & Stewart, R. A. (2018). Pathways to workplace innovation and career satisfaction in the public service: the role of leadership and culture. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 26(5), 890-914.
Wipulanusat,W., Panuwatwanich, K., Stewart, R. A., & Sunkpho, J. (2019). Drivers and barriers to innovation in the Australian public service: a qualitative thematic analysis. Engineering Management in Production and Services, 11(1), 7–22.
Yadollahi farsi, J., Azizi ziarat, & O., Khastar, H. (2009). Investigating the Relationship between Structure and Organizational Entrepreneurship (Case Study: Private Banks in Tehran). Entrepreneurship Development, 2(5), 55-80. [In Persian]
Yadollahi farsi, J., Jan nesari, S. A., & Zamani, M. (2008). Investigating Internal Organizational Entrepreneurship in Governmental Organizations (Case Study in Khuzestan Province). Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 1(1), 171-206. [In Persian]
Zare ahmad abadi, H., Zamzam, F., Zare bonad koudaki, M. R., & Habibiraze abadi, M. (2018). Analysis of organizational entrepreneurship factors with a combined approach of basic theory and fuzzy cognitive mapping, Case study: Yazd Electricity Distribution Company. Journal of Transformation Management, 10(20), 95-122. [In Persian]