بررسی ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف گل داودی از نظر ترکیبات آنتی‌اکسیدانی، عناصر معدنی و مغذی
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتی
حورا بیانی فر
1
(گروه باغبانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
داود هاشم آبادی
2
(گروه باغبانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
محمد صادق الهیاری
3
(گروه مدیریت کشاورزی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت ، ایران)
بهزاد کاویانی
4
(گروه باغبانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
کلید واژه: گل خوراکی, تغذیه سالم, منبع غذایی جدید, پروتئین گیاهی, گیاهخواری,
چکیده مقاله :
داودی یکی از مهمترین گل‌های زینتی در جهان است که از نظر دارویی و خوراکی نیز حائز اهمیت است. در این پژوهش 20 ژنوتیپ گل داودی تولید و اصلاح شده در پژوهشکده‌ی گل و گیاهان زینتی محلات از نظر ترکیبات مغذی، معدنی و آنتی‌اکسیدانی در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در سال 1402 بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که در بین ژنوتیپ‌های منتخب گل داودی اختلاف معناداری در همه صفات ارزیابی شده وجود دارد، بطوری‌که بیشترین مقدار کلسیم (1/74 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم وزن تر)، آهن (231/2 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم وزن تر) و سلنیوم (233/0 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم وزن تر) به‌ترتیب برای Code 326، Code 110 و Code 562 ثبت شد. بیشترین مقدار روی (315/0 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم وزن تر) نیز به Code 562 و Code 134 تعلق داشت. بیشترین ویتامین A (086/0 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم) و ویتامین C (58/13 میلی‌گرم در 100 گرم وزن تر) به‌ترتیب برای ژنوتیپ‌های Code 540 و Code 603 ثبت شد. Code 751 (483/1 درصد) بالاترین سطح پروتئین و Code 540 و Code 138 نیز به‌ترتیب با 06/13 و 34/22 درصد کمترین و بیشترین درصد فیبر را داشتند. Code 674 و Code 108 نیز به‌ترتیب ژنوتیپ‌های برتر در صفات آنتوسیانین و کاروتنوئید گلبرگ بودند. Code 684 و Code 354 بیشترین و Code 751 کمترین فلاونوئید کل را داشتند در حالیکه بیشترین و کمترین مقدار فنل کل به‌ترتیب به Code 326 و Code 462 تعلق داشت. با توجه به نتایج حاصل، از 20 ژنوتیپ معرفی شده گل داودی که در داخل کشور اصلاح و تولید می‌شوند می‌توان به‌عنوان یک منبع غذایی جدید و در دسترس جهت تامین بخشی از مواد مغذی مورد نیاز بدن استفاده نمود.
Chrysanthemum is a major ornamental flower in the world that is important medicinally and nutritionally. This research in 2022 investigated on 20 chrysanthemum genotypes produced and bred in the Ornamental Plants Research Center of Mahallat with regard to their nutritional, mineral, and antioxidant compounds in a completely randomized design . The results showed that the genotypes differed in all studied traits. The highest Ca (74.1 mg/kg FW), Fe (2.231 mg/kg FW), and Se (0.233 mg/kg FW) were obtained from codes 326, 110, and 562, respectively. The highest Zn content (0.315 mg/kg FW) was related to codes 562 and 134. Codes 540 and 603 were related to the highest vitamin A (0.086 mg/kg) and vitamin C (13.58 mg/100 g FW), respectively. Code 751 had the highest protein level of 1.483%. Codes 540 and 138 exhibited the lowest and highest fiber percentages of 13.06 and 22.34%, respectively. The best genotypes in petal anthocyanins and carotenoids were codes 674 and 108, respectively. codes 684 and 354 had the highest and code 751 had the lowest flavonoid content. The highest and lowest total phenols were observed in codes 326 and 462, respectively. Based on the results, the 20 genotypes of chrysanthemum bred and produced in Iran can be used as a new and available food source to partially supply the nutrient requirement of the human body.
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