Effects of Some Amino Acids and Organic Acids on Enzymatic Activity and Longevity of Dianthus caryophyllus cv. Tessino at Pre-Harvest Stage

محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتی

Vahid Abdossi ¹ , Elham Danaee ²

1 - Department of Horticultural Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 - Department of Horticulture, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran.

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/03/27 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/09/24 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/03/11

کلید واژه: Organic acids, Amino acids, Longevity, Enzymatic activity, <i>Dianthus caryophyllus</i>,

چکیده مقاله :

Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) is one of the most important cut flowers in the world. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of pre-harvest application of some amino acids and organic acids on enzymatic traits and longevity of carnation flowers (Dianthus caryophyllus cv. Tessino) based on completely randomized design with 13 treatments and three replications. The treatments included ascorbic acid (AS), citric acid (CA), malic acid (MA), arginine (Arg), phenylalanine (Phe) and glutamine (Gln), each at two levels of 50 and 100 mg/l. The unsprayed pots constituted the control. The foliar application was carried out three times at 10-day intervals and it was so scheduled that the last stage of spraying was in the green pea stage. Sampling and evaluation of plant traits such as fresh and dry weight, petals anthocyanin, total leaf chlorophyll, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and flower longevity were measured on plants at the stage that at least two florets have been opened in the cluster. The results showed that 100 mg/l malic acid had the greatest effect on the improvement in fresh and dry weight, petals anthocyanin, and total leaf chlorophyll. Citric acid, ascorbic acid, and phenylalanine, all at the rate of 100 mg/l, had the greatest effect on improving the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzymes. Also, 100 mg/l glutamine could improve the longevity of flowers on the plants. Therefore, according to the results of this study, it can be concluded that pre-harvest foliar application of amino acids and organic acids improved enzymatic traits and the longevity of flowers on the plants in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) cv. Tessino.

چکیده انگلیسی:

میخک یکی از مهمترین گل‌های شاخه بریده در سراسر جهان است. این آزمایش به منظور بررسی اثرات محلول‌پاشی پیش از برداشت برخی اسیدهای آمینه و اسیدهای آلی بر صفات آنزیمی و ماندگاری گل میخک خوشه‌ای(Dianthus caryophyllus) رقم ’‘Tessino روی بوته، بصورت طرح آماری کاملاً تصادفی با 13 تیمار، سه تکرار و هر تکرار حاوی پنج گیاه و در مجموع 195 گلدانانجام گردید. تیمارها شامل اسیدآسکوربیک، اسیدسیتریک، اسیدمالیک، آرژنین، فنیل‌آلانین و گلوتامین هر کدام با دو سطح 50 و 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر و گلدان بدون محلول‌پاشی به­عنوان شاهد بود. محلول‌پاشی گیاهان سه مرتبه به­صورت ده روز در میان در پایه‌های یکسان انجام گردید، به نحوی که آخرین مرحله محلول‌پاشی در مرحله نخود سبز بود.  نمونه‌برداری و سنجش صفات گیاه مانند وزن تر گل، وزن خشک گل، آنتوسیانین گلبرگ، کلروفیل کل برگ، فعالیت آنزیم‌های فنیل‌آلانین آمونیالیاز، پراکسیداز، کاتالاز، سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و ماندگاری گل روی بوته نیز در مرحله‌ای که حداقل دو گلچه در خوشه باز شده بود، انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار اسیدمالیک 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر بیشترین تاثیر را بهبود صفات مورد ارزیابی مانند وزن تر و خشک گل، آنتوسیانین گلبرگ و کلروفیل کل برگ داشت. تیمار گلوتامین 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر بیشترین تاثیر را بهبود ماندگاری گل روی بوته داشت. همچنین تیمار اسیدسیتریک 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر بیشترین تاثیر را بهبود فعالیت آنزیم‌های کاتالاز و سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، تیمار اسیدآسکوربیک 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر بیشترین تاثیر را بهبود فعالیت آنزیم‌ پراکسیداز و تیمار فنیل‌آلانین 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر بیشترین تاثیر را بهبود فعالیت آنزیم‌ فنیل‌آلانین آمونیالیاز داشتند. بنابراین با توجه به نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش می‌توان بیان نمود که محلول‌پاشی پیش از برداشت اسیدآسکوربیک، اسیدسیتریک، اسیدمالیک، آرژنین، فنیل‌آلانین و گلوتامین موجب بهبود صفات آنزیمی و ماندگاری گل روی بوته در گل میخک خوشه‌ای(Dianthus caryophyllus) رقم ‘Tessino’ گردید.

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