اثربخشی آموزش کارآفرینی در صنایع تولیدی
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بازاریابیشهرام بیات 1 , افسانه زمانی مقدم 2 , حسین وظیفه دوست 3
1 - دانش آموخته دکتری کارآفرینی، گروه کسب و کار جدید، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشیار، گروه مدیریت آموزشی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، ایران
3 - استاد گروه مدیریت بازرگانی،دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحدعلوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: صنایع تولیدی, اثربخشی آموزش, کارآفرینی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف: ارائه آموزش‌های اثربخش به بهبود ارتقای عملکرد کارآفرینی نیروی انسانی یاری می رساند. مطالعه حاضر به دنبال تحلیل اثربخشی آموزش کارآفرینی در صنایع تولیدی است، که یا استفاده از مدلیابی معادلات ساختاری مورد بررسی قرار می گیرد. روش پژوهش: روش تحقیق حاضر توصیفی (غیر آزمایشی) و طرح تحقیق همبستگی معادلات ساختاری با استفاده از روش حداقل مربعات جزئی است. جامعه‌ی آماری تحقیق شامل مدیران و کارشناسان صنایع تولیدی در شهر تهران می‌باشد، که در دوره های آموزش کارآفرینی شرکت داشته اند. تعداد جامعه‌ی آماری تحقیق شامل 5691 نفر تشکیل می‌دهند. تعداد نمونه‌ی آماری تحقیق بر اساس فرمول کوکران شامل 384 نفر از مدیران و کارشناسان صنایع تولیدی می‌باشد. از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌ای جهت انتخاب نمونه آماری استفاده شده است. یافته ها: یافته‌های تحقیق نشان داد که طراحی برنامه آموزشی، نیازسنجی آموزشی، آمادگی یادگیرنده، تقویت مهارت‌های، زمینه‌سازی و تقویت ارتباطات اجتماعی بر اثربخشی آموزش کارآفرینی تأثیر معنی دار دارد. همچنین در نهایت مدل تحقیق منجر به پیامد‌های افزایش خلاقیت فردی، افزایش بهره وری و جرات ریسک‌پذیری می‌شود. یافته ها نشان داد که مدل آزمون شده قادر هست میزان (0/613) از اثربخشی آموزش کارآفرینی را پیش بینی کند و همچنین در پژوهش حاضر برای الگوی آزمون شده شاخص برازش مطلق (GOF) 0/41 به‌دست آمد که مقدار به‌دست آمده برای این شاخص برازش نشانگر برازش مناسب الگوی آزمون شده است. نتیجه گیری: نتایج بررسی مقادیر واریانس استخراج شده متغیرهای پنهان اثربخشی آموزش کارآفرینی در صنایع تولیدی پژوهش نشان داد که روایی همگرای ابزارهای اندازه گیری با استفاده از شاخص میانگین واریانس استخراج شده، تأیید شد و مدل مقبول و قابل تعمیمی بود.
Objective: The present study seeks to investigate the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education in the manufacturing industry, which either examines the use of structural equation modeling. Research method: The present research method is descriptive (non-experimental) and the research design is structural correlation equation using partial least squares method. The statistical population of the research in the quantitative part includes all managers and experts of manufacturing industries in Tehran. In the quantitative part of the research, stratified random sampling method and to estimate a sufficient number of samples in this research, Cochran's sample estimation formula has been used. The statistical population of the study consists of 5691 people. The number of statistical samples of research based on Cochran's formula includes 384 managers and experts in the manufacturing industry. Findings: The research findings showed that educational program design, educational needs assessment, learner preparation, strengthening skills, building context and strengthening social connections have a significant effect on the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education. Finally, the research model leads to the consequences of increasing individual creativity, increasing productivity and daring to take risks. The findings showed that the tested model is able to predict the amount (0.613) of the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education and also in the current research for the tested model the absolute fit index (GOF) was obtained as 0.41, the value obtained for this The fit index is an indicator of the fit of the tested pattern. Conclusion: The results of the study of extracted variance values of hidden variables of the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education in manufacturing industries showed that the convergent validity of measuring instruments was confirmed using the extracted mean variance index and the model was acceptable and generalizable.
منابع
Aparicio, G., Iturralde, T. & Maseda, A. (2019). Conceptual structure and perspectives on Entrepreneurship education research: A bibliometric review. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 25(3), 105-113.
Belitski, M. & Heron, K. (2017). Expanding entrepreneurship education ecosystems. Journal of Management Development.
Belitski, M., & Heron, K. (2017). Expanding entrepreneurship education ecosystems. Journal of Management Development.
Brüne, N. & Lutz, E. (2020). The effect of entrepreneurship education in schools on entrepreneurial outcomes: a systematic review. Management Review Quarterly, 70(2), 275-305.
Datta, P. B., & Gailey, R. (2012). Empowering women through social entrepreneurship: Case study of a women's cooperative in India. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36(3), 569-587.
Fayolle, A. (2018). Personal views on the future of entrepreneurship education. In A research agenda for entrepreneurship education. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Fiore, E., Sansone, G., & Paolucci, E. (2019). Entrepreneurship education in a multidisciplinary environment: evidence from an entrepreneurship programme held in Turin. Administrative Sciences, 9(1), 28.
Galvão, A., Ferreira, J. J. & Marques, C. (2018). Entrepreneurship education and training as facilitators of regional development. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development.
Hahn, D., Minola, T., Bosio, G. & Cassia, L. (2020). The impact of entrepreneurship education on university students’ entrepreneurial skills: a family embeddedness perspective. Small Business Economics, 55(1), 257-282.
Hallward-Driemeier, M (2012). Empowering women: Legal rights and economic opportunities in Africa. World Bank Publications.
Jena, R. K. (2020). Measuring the impact of business management Student's attitude towards entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention: A case study. Computers in Human Behavior, 107, 106275.
Khair, Q. (2013). Factors contributing to quality of training and effecting employee job satisfaction. The Business & Management Review, 3(4), 61-74.
Komarova, A., Tsvetkova, L., Kozlovskaya, S. & Pronkin, N. (2019). Organisational educational systems and intelligence business systems in entrepreneurship education. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 22(5), 1-15.
Kyrö, P. (2018). The conceptual contribution of education to research on entrepreneurship education. In A Research Agenda for Entrepreneurship Education. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Latif, K. F. (2012). An integrated model of training effectiveness and satisfaction with employee development interventions. Industrial and Commercial Training, 44(4), 211-222.
Lindner, J. (2018). Entrepreneurship education for a sustainable future. Discourse and Communication for Sustainable Education, 9(1), 115-127.
Nabi, G., Liñán, F., Fayolle, A., Krueger, N. & Walmsley, A. (2017). The impact of entrepreneurship education in higher education: A systematic review and research agenda. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 16(2), 277-299.
Patton, C., Sawicki, D. & Clark, J. (2015). Basic methods of policy analysis and planning. Routledge.
Shah, I. A., Amjed, S. & Jaboob, S. (2020). The moderating role of entrepreneurship education in shaping entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Economic Structures, 9(1), 1-15.
Welsh, D. H., Tullar, W. L. & Nemati, H. (2016). Entrepreneurship education: Process, method, or both?. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 1(3), 125-132.
Welsh, D. H., Tullar, W. L. & Nemati, H. (2016). Entrepreneurship education: Process, method, or both?. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 1(3), 125-132.
_||_منابع
Aparicio, G., Iturralde, T. & Maseda, A. (2019). Conceptual structure and perspectives on Entrepreneurship education research: A bibliometric review. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 25(3), 105-113.
Belitski, M. & Heron, K. (2017). Expanding entrepreneurship education ecosystems. Journal of Management Development.
Belitski, M., & Heron, K. (2017). Expanding entrepreneurship education ecosystems. Journal of Management Development.
Brüne, N. & Lutz, E. (2020). The effect of entrepreneurship education in schools on entrepreneurial outcomes: a systematic review. Management Review Quarterly, 70(2), 275-305.
Datta, P. B., & Gailey, R. (2012). Empowering women through social entrepreneurship: Case study of a women's cooperative in India. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36(3), 569-587.
Fayolle, A. (2018). Personal views on the future of entrepreneurship education. In A research agenda for entrepreneurship education. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Fiore, E., Sansone, G., & Paolucci, E. (2019). Entrepreneurship education in a multidisciplinary environment: evidence from an entrepreneurship programme held in Turin. Administrative Sciences, 9(1), 28.
Galvão, A., Ferreira, J. J. & Marques, C. (2018). Entrepreneurship education and training as facilitators of regional development. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development.
Hahn, D., Minola, T., Bosio, G. & Cassia, L. (2020). The impact of entrepreneurship education on university students’ entrepreneurial skills: a family embeddedness perspective. Small Business Economics, 55(1), 257-282.
Hallward-Driemeier, M (2012). Empowering women: Legal rights and economic opportunities in Africa. World Bank Publications.
Jena, R. K. (2020). Measuring the impact of business management Student's attitude towards entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention: A case study. Computers in Human Behavior, 107, 106275.
Khair, Q. (2013). Factors contributing to quality of training and effecting employee job satisfaction. The Business & Management Review, 3(4), 61-74.
Komarova, A., Tsvetkova, L., Kozlovskaya, S. & Pronkin, N. (2019). Organisational educational systems and intelligence business systems in entrepreneurship education. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 22(5), 1-15.
Kyrö, P. (2018). The conceptual contribution of education to research on entrepreneurship education. In A Research Agenda for Entrepreneurship Education. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Latif, K. F. (2012). An integrated model of training effectiveness and satisfaction with employee development interventions. Industrial and Commercial Training, 44(4), 211-222.
Lindner, J. (2018). Entrepreneurship education for a sustainable future. Discourse and Communication for Sustainable Education, 9(1), 115-127.
Nabi, G., Liñán, F., Fayolle, A., Krueger, N. & Walmsley, A. (2017). The impact of entrepreneurship education in higher education: A systematic review and research agenda. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 16(2), 277-299.
Patton, C., Sawicki, D. & Clark, J. (2015). Basic methods of policy analysis and planning. Routledge.
Shah, I. A., Amjed, S. & Jaboob, S. (2020). The moderating role of entrepreneurship education in shaping entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Economic Structures, 9(1), 1-15.
Welsh, D. H., Tullar, W. L. & Nemati, H. (2016). Entrepreneurship education: Process, method, or both?. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 1(3), 125-132.
Welsh, D. H., Tullar, W. L. & Nemati, H. (2016). Entrepreneurship education: Process, method, or both?. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 1(3), 125-132.