Comparison of the effect of Fe3O4 nanoparticles synthesized by green and chemical methods on liver function as well as oxidative stress and metal regulation genes expression in rats

Subject Areas : Journal of Nanoanalysis

Farzaneh Karimi ¹ , Kahin Shahanipour ^{2 *} , Nooshin Nagsh ³ , Noosha Zia-Jahromi ⁴

1 - Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
2 - Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
3 - Department of Biology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
4 - Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran

Received: 2024-10-31 Accepted : 2024-12-09 Published : 2025-10-03

Keywords: Fe3O4 nanoparticles, MT1, GR, Gene expression, Metabolism,

Abstract :

In biomedicine, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been used for the treatment of numerous disorders and targeted drug delivery. Among iron oxides, Fe₃O₄ can be useful in effective drug delivery to target tissues such as the liver. In this study, the side effects of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles synthesized by the green method were compared to chemical methods in liver tissue. Gene expression analysis of metallothionein-1 and glutathione reductase-1, in addition to liver biochemical function was measured. Forty-two rats were studied in 7 groups. A control group with standard food (N = 6) and six treatment groups were administered 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles synthesized by green and chemical methods, respectively (N = 6 for every treatment group). The destruction of liver tissue was more in the groups treated with chemicals compared to the groups treated with green synthesis nanoparticles. also, biochemical analysis presented significant alterations in SGPT level in the treated groups, however, no significant finding was observed in the level of SGOT and ALK levels. Tea nanoparticles showed a significant increase in the expression level of MT1 and GR genes in the treated groups. The findings showed that the nanoparticles prepared by chemical method cause more damage to the liver tissue than the green nanoparticles, and the changes in the expression of genes involved in homeostasis in the groups treated with green synthetic nanoparticles were significantly positive.

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