جداسازی،غربالگری و کارایی جدایه‌های سودوموناس در تشکیل بیوفیلم بر حامل‌های آلی و معدنی و تجزیه فنانترن
محورهای موضوعی : زیست فناوری میکروبی
مریم ترکاشوند
1
(گروه علوم خاک،دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران)
امیر لکزیان
2
(گروه علوم خاک،دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد،مشهد، ایران)
امیر فتوت
3
(گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران)
مهدی محمدی
4
(گروه زیست فناوری،پژوهشکده خلیج فارس،دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران)
کلید واژه: بیوفیلم, فنانترن, سودوموناس آئروجینوزا, بیوچار, لاکاز,
چکیده مقاله :
سابقه و هدف: بیوفیلم های میکروبی یکی از مهمترین فرم های حیات میکروارگانیسم ها در محیط هستند. هدف از این پژوهش استفاده از بیوفیلم باکتری سودوموناس بومی خاک‌های ایران به منظور تجزیه فنانترن بود.مواد و روش ها: از بین 63 سودوموناس جداشده از خاک، جدایه باکتریایی با توان بالا در تولید بیوفیلم و تجزیه نفت خام انتخاب و شناسایی شد. سپس تاثیر حامل‌های معدنی (پومیس خام، پومیس فرآوری شده و پرلیت) و آلی (بیوچار و باگاس) بر تولید بیوفیلم میکروبی بررسی شد و ساختار بیوفیلم ها بوسیله میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی بررسی گردید. همچنین تاثیر تیمارهای باکتری سودوموناس آئروجینوزا در دو فرم رشدی پلانکتونی و بیوفیلم بر روی حامل بیوچار بر تولید آنزیم لاکاز و تجزیه فنانترن در محیط مایع بررسی شد.یافته ها: جدایه های خالص سازی شده از نظر تولید بیوفیلم و توان تجزیه نفت خام غربالگری شدند. جدایه B59 (سودوموناس آئروجینوزا) با 56/62% بیشترین درصد تجزیه نفت خام را نشان داد. بیشترین میزان لگاریتم واحد تشکیل کلنی مربوط به بیوفیلم تشکیل شده بر حامل بیوچار و برابر 8/8 و کمترین در حامل پومیس فراوری شده و برابر 9/2 بود. میزان فعالیت آنزیم لاکاز در فرم بیوفیلمی 8/39 و در فرم پلاکتونی1/33 واحد در دقیقه بود. همچنین فرم بیوفیلمی و پلانکتونی به ترتیب موجب تجزیه 17/97% و 37/91 % از فنانترون موجود در محیط شدند.نتیجه گیری: نتایج نشان داد که فرم بیوفیلمی باکتری در مقایسه با فرم پلانکتونی از طریق افزایش معنی‌دار واحد تشکیل کلنی و تولید بیشتر آنزیم لاکاز، موجب تجزیه بیشتر فنانترون در محیط مایع می گردد.
Background & Objectives: Microbial biofilms are one of the most important microorganism’s forms of life in the environment. The aim of this study was to use native Pseudomonas aeruginosa in biofilm form to clean up phenanthrene. Material & Methods: Among 63 Pseudomonas isolates from Iranian soil, bacterial isolate with high potency in biofilm formation and crude oil degradation was selected and genetically identified. The effect of inorganic (raw pumice, processed pumice and perlite) and organic (biochar and sugarcanes bagasse) carriers on biofilm formation was investigated. Biofilm structure was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Also, the effects of two growth form (biofilm, planktonic) on biochar carrier on laccase production and phenanthrene degradation in liquid media was investigated. Results: Purified Pseudomonas isolates were screened based on biofilm formation and crude oil degradation. B59 (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) with 56.62% showed the highest percentage of crude oil degradation. Highest and lowest CFU belonged to biochar and processed pumice with 8.8 and 2.9 respectively. Laccase activity was measured in biofilm form and planktonic form 39.8 and 33.1 Um-1 respectively. Biofilm form of Pseudomonas aeruginosa led to 97.17% phenanthrene degradation where planktonic form reached 91.37%. Conclusion: Results showed that biofilm form of Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared to planktonic form by significant increase in CFU and laccase activity result in more phenanthrene degradation in liquid media.
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