شناسایی ارقام مقاوم بادنجان نسبت به بیماری پژمردگی فوزاریومی با عامل فوزاریوم اکسیسپوروم فرم اختصاصی ملونجینی با استفاده از نشانگرهای مولکولی در ایران
محورهای موضوعی : قارچ شناسی
نگین صفی خانی
1
,
بهار مرید
2
,
حمیدرضا زمانی زاده
3
,
شهاب حاج منصور
4
1 - کارشناس ارشد، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تاکستان، دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، تاکستان
3 - استاد، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
4 - کارشناس ارشد، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: ژن مقاومت, پژمردگی فوزاریومی, بادنجان, نشانگرهای مولکولی,
چکیده مقاله :
سابقه و هدف: بیماری پژمردگی فوزاریومی بادنجان از عوامل مهم کاهش این محصول در سراسر دنیا می باشد. توانایی بقا‍ء این بیمارگر به مدت چند سال متوالی در درون خاک، حتی در شرایط نبودن میزبان، کنترل این بیمارگر را با مشکل مواجه کرده است. مؤثرترین و سازگارترین روش برای کنترل این بیماری، تولید و استفاده از ارقام مقاوم می باشد. این مطالعه به منظور شناسایی ارقام مقاوم بادنجان نسبت به بیماری پژمردگی فوزاریومی انجام شد.مواد و روش ها: ابتدا نمونه های برگی ارقام بومی و هیبرید منتخب بادمجان از 28 استان کشور جمع آوری شد. استخراج DNA با استفاده از روش CTAB از برگ‌های جوان این ارقام انجام گردید. از چهار نشانگر CAPS، RAPD،SRAP و SCAR به منظور تعیین ارقام مقاوم استفاده شد. سپس به منظور تایید نتایج، مقاومت و حساسیت این ژنوتیپ ها در شرایط گلخانه ای نیز بررسی شد.یافته ها: در این مطالعه از 20 ژنوتیپ مورد بررسی در 13 مورد نشانگرهای مولکولی CAPS ، RAPD و SRAP باندهای شاخص مقاومت را تولید کردند. اما نشانگر SCAR قادر به تفکیک ارقام مقاوم از حساس نبود. نتایج ارزیابی فنوتیپی مقاومت ارقام بومی و هیبریدهای بادنجان در گلخانه نیز تایید کننده نتایج حاصل از بررسی مولکولی بود.نتیجه گیری: در مجموع استفاده از ارقام مقاوم به دست آمده در این مطالعه با استفاده از نشانگرهای مولکولی، برای کاشت در مناطق دارای بیماری پژمردگی فوزاریومی توصیه می گردد.
Background & Objectives: Eggplant fusarium wiltis an important factor of yield reduction throughout the world. The ability of this pathogen to survive for several consecutive years within the soil, even in the absence of the host, has made it difficult to control. Producing and using the resistant cultivar is the most effective and suitable method to control this disease. This study was aimed to identify fusarium wilt resistant eggplant cultivars. Materials & Methods: First, leaf samples of domestic and hybrid eggplant cultivars were gathered from 28 provinces in Iran and then DNA extraction from young leaves of the cultivars was carried out using CTAB method. Four markers including CAPS, RAPD, SRAP, and SCAR were used to determine the resistant cultivars. In order to confirm the results, resistance and sensitivity of the genotypes were assessed in greenhouse conditions, as well. Results: Out of 20 genotypes of this study, 13 showed index resistance band using CAPS, RAPD, and SRAP of molecular markers. On the other hand, the SCAR marker could not separate the resistant cultivars from the sensitive ones. Phenotype assessment of native and hybrids resistant cultivars in greenhouse condition confirmed the results of the molecular analysis. Conclusion: In general, the use of resistant cultivars obtained in this study using molecular markers is recommended for planting in areas with fusarium wilt disease.
oxysporum f. sp melongenae. Ann Phytopathol Soc Japan. 1958; 23: 189-192.
2. Safikhani N, Morid B, Zamanizadeh HR. First report of Fusarium wilt of eggplant caused by
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae in Iran. New Dis Rep. 2013; 28: 16.
3. Anonymous. FAOSTAT. Preliminary 2009, Production data. Statistical data.
Available at: http://www.faostat.fao.org (verified December 25, 2011).
4. Anonymous. 2013. Statistical annual report of Iranian agricultural crops.
5. Morid B, Hajmansoor S. Assessment of tomato genotypes resistance to Verticillium and
Fusarium wilt diseases using molecular makers. J Microb World. 2017; 10: 81-93. [In Persian]
6. Tanksley SD, Ganal MW, Prince JP, De Vicente MC, Bonierbale MW, Broun P, Fulton TM,
Giovannoni JJ, Martin S, Messeguer GB, Miller RJC, Paterson AH, Pineda O, Ro MS, Wing
RA, Wu W, Young ND. High density molecular Linkage maps of the tomato and potato
genomes. Genetics. 1992; 132: 1141-1160.
7. Hulbert SH, Webb CA, Smith SM, Sun Q. Resistance gene complexes: evolution and
utilization. Ann Rev Phytopathol. 2001; 39: 285-312.
8. Hamelin R, Ouellette GB, Bernier L. Identification of Gremmeniel abietina races with random
amplified polymorphic DNA markers Appl. Environ Microbiol. 1993; 59(6): 1752-1755.
9. Zhang AW, Hartman GL, Curio Penny B, Pedersen WL, Becker KB. Molecular detection of
Diaporthe phaseolorum and Phomopsis longicolla from soybean seeds. Phytopathol. 1999; 89
(9): 796-804.
10. Toppino L, Vale G, Alberti P, Mennella G, Acciarri N, Rotino GL. Introgression of resistance
to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae into cultivated eggplant and characterization of linked
molecular markers for development of a markers assisted selection system. Proceedings of the
XIIIth EUCARPIA Meeting, Warsaw, Poland. 2007; 157-166.
11. Mutlu N, Boyac FH, Gocmen M, Abak K. Development of SRAP, SRAP-RGA, RAPD, and
SCAR markerslinked with a Fusarium wilt resistance gene in eggplant. Theor Appl Genet. 2008;
117(8): 1303-1312.
12. Toppino L, Giampiero V, Rotino GL. Inheritance of Fusarium wilt resistance introgressed
from Solanum aethiopicum Gilo and Aculeatum groups into cultivated eggplant (S. melongena)
and development of associated PCR-based markers Mol Breed. 2008; 22(2): 237-250.
13. Nelson PE, Toussoun TA, Marasas WFO. Fusarium Species: An illustrated manual for
identification. Pennsylvania, USA: Penn State University Press. 1983.
14. Abdullaheva K, Shifman IA. Resistance of eggplant to fusarium wilt. Selektsiya i
Semenovodstvo. 1988; 1: 29-31.
15. Ausubel FM, Brent R, Kingston RE, Moore DD, Seidman JG, Smith JA, Struhl K. Current
protocols in molecular biology. John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York, USA. 1994.
16. Davis L, Kuehle M, Battey J. Basic methods in molecular biology. 2nd ed. 1994; pp. 777.
17. Morid B, Hajmansoor S. Screening of resistance genes to Fusarium Crown rot disease in
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cultivars using RAPD markers. J Microb World. 2011; 3
(4): 251-259. [In Persian]
18. Gerlach W, Nirenberg H. The genus Fusarium-A pictorial atlas. Mitteilungen aus der
Biologischen Bundesanstalt Für Land-und Forstwirtschaft (Berlin-Dahlem). 1982; 209: 1-405.
19. Koji M, Takeo S, Satomi N, Hirotaka Y, Tsukasa N, Akio O, Hiroyuki F. Detailed mapping
of a resistance locus against Fusarium wilt in cultivated eggplant (Solanum melongena). Theor
Appl Genet. 2016; 129: 357-367.
20. Zhang HY, Liu X, He Z. Random amplified DNA polymorphism of Nicotiana tabacum L.
cultivars. Biol Plant, 2005; 49: 605-607.
21. Phoebe KM, Abang MM, Isabel NW, Schroers HJ. Response of African eggplants to
Fusarium spp. and identification of sources of resistance. Afr J Biotechnol. 2016; 15(11):
392-400.
22. Altinok HH. Can C, Boyaci HF, Topcu V. Genetic variability among breeding lines and
cultivars of eggplant against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae from Turkey.
Phytoparasitica. 2014; 42: 75-84.
23. Altinok HH, Can C, Colak H. Pathogenicity and Virulence Diversity of Fusarium
oxysporum f. sp. melongenae Recovered from Eggplant. J Phytopathol. 2013; 161: 651-660.
24. Altinok HH, Can C. Characterization of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae isolates
from eggplant in Turkey by pathogenicity, VCG and RAPD analysis. Phytoparasitica. 2010;
38: 149-157.
25. Baysal Ö, Siragusa M, Gumrukcu E, Zengin S, Carimi F, Sajeva M, Silva JA. Molecular
characterization of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae by ISSR and RAPD markers on
eggplant. Biochem Genet. 2010; 48: 524-537.
26. Maheswaran M. Molecular markers: History, features and applications. Adv Biotechnol.
2004; 1: 17-24.
_||_
oxysporum f. sp melongenae. Ann Phytopathol Soc Japan. 1958; 23: 189-192.
2. Safikhani N, Morid B, Zamanizadeh HR. First report of Fusarium wilt of eggplant caused by
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae in Iran. New Dis Rep. 2013; 28: 16.
3. Anonymous. FAOSTAT. Preliminary 2009, Production data. Statistical data.
Available at: http://www.faostat.fao.org (verified December 25, 2011).
4. Anonymous. 2013. Statistical annual report of Iranian agricultural crops.
5. Morid B, Hajmansoor S. Assessment of tomato genotypes resistance to Verticillium and
Fusarium wilt diseases using molecular makers. J Microb World. 2017; 10: 81-93. [In Persian]
6. Tanksley SD, Ganal MW, Prince JP, De Vicente MC, Bonierbale MW, Broun P, Fulton TM,
Giovannoni JJ, Martin S, Messeguer GB, Miller RJC, Paterson AH, Pineda O, Ro MS, Wing
RA, Wu W, Young ND. High density molecular Linkage maps of the tomato and potato
genomes. Genetics. 1992; 132: 1141-1160.
7. Hulbert SH, Webb CA, Smith SM, Sun Q. Resistance gene complexes: evolution and
utilization. Ann Rev Phytopathol. 2001; 39: 285-312.
8. Hamelin R, Ouellette GB, Bernier L. Identification of Gremmeniel abietina races with random
amplified polymorphic DNA markers Appl. Environ Microbiol. 1993; 59(6): 1752-1755.
9. Zhang AW, Hartman GL, Curio Penny B, Pedersen WL, Becker KB. Molecular detection of
Diaporthe phaseolorum and Phomopsis longicolla from soybean seeds. Phytopathol. 1999; 89
(9): 796-804.
10. Toppino L, Vale G, Alberti P, Mennella G, Acciarri N, Rotino GL. Introgression of resistance
to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae into cultivated eggplant and characterization of linked
molecular markers for development of a markers assisted selection system. Proceedings of the
XIIIth EUCARPIA Meeting, Warsaw, Poland. 2007; 157-166.
11. Mutlu N, Boyac FH, Gocmen M, Abak K. Development of SRAP, SRAP-RGA, RAPD, and
SCAR markerslinked with a Fusarium wilt resistance gene in eggplant. Theor Appl Genet. 2008;
117(8): 1303-1312.
12. Toppino L, Giampiero V, Rotino GL. Inheritance of Fusarium wilt resistance introgressed
from Solanum aethiopicum Gilo and Aculeatum groups into cultivated eggplant (S. melongena)
and development of associated PCR-based markers Mol Breed. 2008; 22(2): 237-250.
13. Nelson PE, Toussoun TA, Marasas WFO. Fusarium Species: An illustrated manual for
identification. Pennsylvania, USA: Penn State University Press. 1983.
14. Abdullaheva K, Shifman IA. Resistance of eggplant to fusarium wilt. Selektsiya i
Semenovodstvo. 1988; 1: 29-31.
15. Ausubel FM, Brent R, Kingston RE, Moore DD, Seidman JG, Smith JA, Struhl K. Current
protocols in molecular biology. John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York, USA. 1994.
16. Davis L, Kuehle M, Battey J. Basic methods in molecular biology. 2nd ed. 1994; pp. 777.
17. Morid B, Hajmansoor S. Screening of resistance genes to Fusarium Crown rot disease in
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cultivars using RAPD markers. J Microb World. 2011; 3
(4): 251-259. [In Persian]
18. Gerlach W, Nirenberg H. The genus Fusarium-A pictorial atlas. Mitteilungen aus der
Biologischen Bundesanstalt Für Land-und Forstwirtschaft (Berlin-Dahlem). 1982; 209: 1-405.
19. Koji M, Takeo S, Satomi N, Hirotaka Y, Tsukasa N, Akio O, Hiroyuki F. Detailed mapping
of a resistance locus against Fusarium wilt in cultivated eggplant (Solanum melongena). Theor
Appl Genet. 2016; 129: 357-367.
20. Zhang HY, Liu X, He Z. Random amplified DNA polymorphism of Nicotiana tabacum L.
cultivars. Biol Plant, 2005; 49: 605-607.
21. Phoebe KM, Abang MM, Isabel NW, Schroers HJ. Response of African eggplants to
Fusarium spp. and identification of sources of resistance. Afr J Biotechnol. 2016; 15(11):
392-400.
22. Altinok HH. Can C, Boyaci HF, Topcu V. Genetic variability among breeding lines and
cultivars of eggplant against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae from Turkey.
Phytoparasitica. 2014; 42: 75-84.
23. Altinok HH, Can C, Colak H. Pathogenicity and Virulence Diversity of Fusarium
oxysporum f. sp. melongenae Recovered from Eggplant. J Phytopathol. 2013; 161: 651-660.
24. Altinok HH, Can C. Characterization of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae isolates
from eggplant in Turkey by pathogenicity, VCG and RAPD analysis. Phytoparasitica. 2010;
38: 149-157.
25. Baysal Ö, Siragusa M, Gumrukcu E, Zengin S, Carimi F, Sajeva M, Silva JA. Molecular
characterization of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae by ISSR and RAPD markers on
eggplant. Biochem Genet. 2010; 48: 524-537.
26. Maheswaran M. Molecular markers: History, features and applications. Adv Biotechnol.
2004; 1: 17-24.