کاربست مدل سازی ریاضی به منظور تحلیل موانع موجود در صادرات مواد کشاورزی از بعد زیست محیطی: رویکرد بهترین- بدترین
مریم میرزایی
1
(
دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
)
جلال حقیقت منفرد
2
(
گروه مدیریت، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران(نویسنده مسئول).
)
جمشید عدالتیان شهریاری
3
(
گروه مدیریت، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
)
کلید واژه: موانع صادرات, رویکرد زیست محیطی, رویکرد بهترین-بدترین,
چکیده مقاله :
مساله صادارت به ویژه در حوزه کشاورزی،از موضوعات حایز اهمیت بوده ولی از منظرهای مختلف دارای چالش ها و موانع متعددی است. یکی از این مناظر، بعد زیست محیطی بوده که شناسایی و ارائه راهکارهایی در جهت حذف و یا کاهش آنها می تواند منجر به توسعه اقتصادی شود هدف این پژوهش،شناسایی موانع و ارایه مدل ریاضی به منظور اولویت بندی آن ها با بهره گیری از روش بهترین – بدترین می باشد. لذا در ابتدا با مرور ادبیات و نیز مصاحبه های نیمه ساختار یافته با 8 فرد متخصص در حوزه صادرات محصولات کشاورزی،موانع موجود در بعد زیست محیطی شناسایی شدند. در این فرایند از روش تحلیل مضمون استفاده شده و تعداد موانع شناسایی شده بالغ بر 8 مورد بدست آمدند. در گام بعد، با توجه به اینکه تعداد بسامد موانع برای2 مورد کمتر از5 نفر بود، 6 مانع نهایی حاصل گردید.به جهت اولویت بندی موانع، از تکنیک بهترین – بدترین و نرم افزار لینگو استفاده شد.با توجه به تحلیل های انجام شده، سه مانع « عدم توجه به استانداردسازی محصصولات صادراتی با توجه به نیاز کشور مقصد»،« استفاده از کودهای تقلبی و فاقد استانداردهای بهداشتی در بازار» و«عدم تجزیه پدیر بودن محصول» به ترتیب با اوزان 0.419، 0.221 و 0.126 مهمترین موانع موجود در صادرات محصولات کشاورزی از بعد زیست محیطی بوده که به منظور بهبود و رفع خلاهای موجود باید درجهت رفع آن ها اقدام نمود.
چکیده انگلیسی :
The issue of exports, especially in the field of agriculture, is one of the most important issues, but it has many challenges and obstacles from different perspectives.One of these landscapes is the environmental dimension,which identifying and providing solutions to eliminate or reduce them can lead to economic development.The purpose of this research is to identify obstacles and provide a mathematical model in order to prioritize them using the best method.It is the worst.For this purpose, at first,by reviewing the literature and semi-structured interviews with 8experts in the field of exporting agricultural products, the obstacles in the environmental dimension were identified.In this process, thematic analysis method was used and the number of identified obstacles was more than 8.In the next step,considering that the frequency of obstacles for2 cases was less than 5 people, 6 final obstacles were obtained.In order to prioritize obstacles,the best-worst technique and Lingo software were used.Based on this, according to the analysis,the three obstacles"not paying attention to the standardization of export products according to the needs of the destination country","the use of fake fertilizers and lack of health standards in the market" and "not analyzing the origin of the product" The order with weights of0.419, 0.221 and0.126 are the most important obstacles in the export of agricultural products from the environmental aspect, which should be removed in order to improve and eliminate the gaps in this area.
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