Synthesis of the Nano structured Zinc Oxide Using the Soft template of Cylea barbata miers Extract and its Promising Property for Dye Adsorbent

Subject Areas : Materials synthesis and charachterization

Oman Zuas ¹ , Anis Kristiani ² , Agus Haryono ³

1 - Research Centre for Chemistry-Indonesian Institute of Science (RCChem-LIPI), Kawasan PUSPIPTEK, Serpong 15314, Tangerang, Indonesia
2 - Research Centre for Chemistry-Indonesian Institute of Science (RCChem-LIPI), Kawasan PUSPIPTEK, Serpong 15314, Tangerang, Indonesia
3 - Research Centre for Chemistry-Indonesian Institute of Science (RCChem-LIPI), Kawasan PUSPIPTEK, Serpong 15314, Tangerang, Indonesia

Received: 2014-11-23 Accepted : 2015-01-07 Published : 2015-03-01

Keywords: Zinc oxide, Nanostructure, Cyclea barbata, soft-template, Adsorbent,

Abstract :

Nanostructured zinc oxide (ZnO) was successfully synthesized by precipitation method using the extract of Cylea barbata Miers (CBM) leaves as a soft template after 3 h of calcinations in furnace at 500oC in the open air. Characterization results showed that the nanostructured ZnO had hexagonal wurtzite structure with space group P63mc and nano-scale particle diameter. It was suggested that the existence of polysaccharide galacturonic acid as the major biomolecular component in the CBM extract induced the formation of the nanostructured ZnO. Preliminary study results through activity testing of adsorbtion for Congo red (CR) dye removal from aqueous solution showed that the nanostructured ZnO exhibited excellent adsorption property, indicating that its adsorption activity was better than that of the commercial ZnO. Regeneration study of the nanostructured ZnO indicated that it could be reused while it sadsorption activity was kept excellent with removal efficiency >85% even up to five times of the cycling experiments.

References:

 

[1].        S. Shao, K. Zheng, K. Zidek, P. Chabera, T. Pullerits, F. Zhang, "Optimizing ZnO nanoparticle surface for bulk heterojunction hybrid solar cells", Sol Energ. Mat. Sol. C., Vol. 118, 2013, pp. 43-47.

[2].        H. Huang, Q. Zhao, K. Hong, Q. Xub, X. Huang, "Optical and electrical properties of N-doped ZnO heterojunction photodiode", Physica E., Vol. 57. 2014, pp. 113-117.

[3].        M. Bagheri, S. Azizian, B. Jaleh, A. Chehregan. "Adsorption of Cu(II) from aqueous solution by micro-structured ZnO thin films",  Ind. Eng. Chem., Vol. 20, 2014, pp. 2439-2446.

[4].        C. Jayaseelan, A.A. Rahuman, A.V. Kirthi, S. Marimuthu, T. Santhoshkumar, A. Bagavann, K. , L. Karthik, K.V.B. Rao, "Novel microbial route to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles using Aeromonas hydrophila and their activity against pathogenic bacteria and fungi", Spectrochim. Acta A, Vol. 90, 2012, pp.78-84.

[5].        K. Ada, A. Ergene, S. Tan, E. Yalçı, "Adsorption of Remazol Brilliant Blue R using ZnO fine powder: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic modeling studies", J. Hazard. Mater., Vol. 165, 2009, pp. 637-644.

[6].        Y.W. Baek , Y.J. An, "Microbial toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles (CuO, NiO, ZnO, and Sb₂O₃) to Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Streptococcus aureus", Sci. Total. Env., Vol. 409, 2011, pp. 1603-1608.

[7].        S. Liang, L. Zhu, G. Gai, Y. Yao, J. Huang, X. Ji, X. Zhou, D. Zhang, P. Zhang, "Synthesis of morphology-controlled ZnO microstructures via a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method and their gas-sensing property. Ultrason. Sonochem., Vol. 21, 2014, pp. 1335-1342.

[8].        A. Nekoubin,  H. G. Najafabadi,  M.N. Esfahani, “An Illustration of Photocatalytic Properties of ZnOnanorods array Films”, J. Adv.  Mater. Proc. Vol. 1 (1), 2013, pp. 39-45.

[9].        D. Sahu, B.S. Acharya, A.K. Panda, "Role of Ag ions on the structural evolution of nano ZnO clusters synthesized through ultrasonication and their optical properties", Ultrason. Sonochem., Vol. 18, 2011, pp. 601-607.

[10].    S. Safa, A.M. Nejad, “Influence of Cr dopant on the microstructure and optical properties of ZnO nanorods”,  J. Adv. Mater. Proc. Vol.2 (1), 2014, pp. 19-24

[11].    M.H. Wang, F. Zhou, B. Zhang, "Surfactant-assisted synthesis of monodispersed ZnO nanorods at low temperature", Mater. Lett., Vol. 114, 2014, pp. 84-87.

[12].    C. Pholnak, C. Sirisathitkul, S. Suwanboon, D.J. Harding, "Effects of precursor concentration and reaction time on sonochemically synthesized ZnO nanoparticles" Mater. Res., Vol. 17, 2014, pp. 405-411. 

[13].    S. Jiao, K. Zhang, S. Bai, H. Li, S. Gao, H. Li, J. Wang, Q. Yu,  F. Guo, L. Zhao, "Controlled morphology evolution of ZnO nanostructures in the electrochemical deposition: From the point of view of chloride ions" Electrochim. Acta. Vol 111, 2013, pp. 64-70.

[14].    H. Zhang, D. Yang, Y. Ji, X. Ma, J.  Xu, D. Que, "Low temperature synthesis of flowerlike ZnO nanostructures by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-assisted hydrothermal process" J. Physic. Chem. B., Vol. 108, 2004. pp. 3955-3958.

[15].    M.A. Tshabalala, B.F. Dejene, H.C. Swart, "Synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanoparticles using polyethylene glycol (PEG)", Physica B., Vol. 407, 2012, pp. 1668-1671.

[16].    S.M. Zanetti, A. Andréia da Silva A, "Synthesis and characterization of bismuth zinc niobate pyrochlore nanopowders" Mater. Res., Vol. 10, 2014, pp. 261-266. 

[17].    P. Gu, X. Wang, T. Li, H. Meng, H. Yu, Z. Fan. "Synthesis, characterization and photoluminescence of ZnO spindles by polyvinylpyrrolidone-assisted low-temperature wet-chemistry process". J. Cryst. Growth. Vol. 338, 2012, pp. 162-165.

[18].    R.C. Pawar, J.C. Shaikh,  A.V. Moholkar, "Surfactant assisted low temperature synthesis of nanocrystalline ZnO and its gas sensing properties". Sensor Actuat. B.Chem., Vol. 151, 2010, pp. 212-218.

[19].    J.H. Jang, J.H. Park, H.G. Oh, "Effects of dodecyl sulfate anionic surfactants on the crystal growth of ZnO through hydrothermal process", J. Ceram. Process. Res., Vol. 10, 2009. pp. 783-790.

[20].    T. Prakash, R. Jayaprakash, D.S. Raj, S. Kumar, N. Donato, D. Spadaro, G. Neri, "Sensing properties of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by using albumen as a biotemplate for acetic acid monitoring in aqueous mixture", Sensors Actuat. B.Chemi., Vol. 176, 2013, pp. 560-568.

[21].    S. Bitao , W. Ke, D. Na, M.Hongmei, L. Ziqiang,  T. Yongchun, B. Jie, "Biomorphic synthesis of long ZnO hollow fibers with porous walls", J. Mater. Process. Tech., Vol. 209, 2008, pp. 4088-4092.

[22].    H.F. Greer, W. Zhou,  M.H. Liu, Y.H. Tseng, C.Y. Mou, "The origin of ZnO twin crystals in bio-inspired synthesis". Cryst. Eng. Commun., Vol. 14, 2012, pp. 1247-1255.

[23].    D. Ramimoghadam, M.Z.B. Hussein, Y.H. Taufiq-Yap, "Synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanostructures using palm olein as biotemplate" Chem. Central. Vol. 7, 2013, pp. 71-81.

[24].    J. Tam, S. Salgado, M. Miltenburg, V. Maheshwari, "Electrochemical synthesis on single cells as templates", Chem. Commun., Vol. 49, 2013, pp. 8641-8643.

[25].    D. Ramimoghadam, M.Z.B. Hussein, Y.H. Taufiq-Yap, "Hydrothermal synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using rice as soft biotemplate", Chem. Central. Vol. 7, 2013, pp. 136-146.

[26].    P. Atanasova, D. Rothenstein, J.J. Schneider, R.C. Hoffmann, S. Dilfer, S. Eiben, C. Wege, H. Jeske, J. Bill, "Virus-templated synthesis of ZnO nanostructures and formation of field-effect transistors", Adv. Mater., Vol. 23, 2011, pp.4918–4922.

[27].    O. Zuas, H. Abimanyu, W. Wibowo, "Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured CeO₂ with dyes adsorption property", Proc. Appl. Ceram., Vol. 8, 2014, pp. 39-46.

[28].    C. Namasivayam, R. Radhika, S. Suba, "Uptake of dyes by a promising locally available agricultural solid waste: Coir pith" Waste Manage., Vol. 21, 2001, pp. 381-387.

[29].    Q.L. Sun, L.Z. Yang, "The adsorption of basic dyes from aqueous solution on modified peat-resin particle", Water Res., Vol. 37, 2003, pp. 1535-1544.

[30].    M.J. Prival, V.D. Mitchell, "Analysis of a method for testing azo dyes for mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium in the presence of flavin mononucleotide and hamster liver S9", Mutat. Res-Envir. Muta., Vol. 97, 1982, pp. 103–116.

[31].    A. Arkarapanthu, V. Chavasit, P. Sungpuag, L. Phuphathanaphong, "Gel extracted from Khruea-ma-noi (Cyclea barbata Miers) leaves: chemical composition and gelation properties", J. Sci. Food. Agri., Vol. 85, 2005, pp. 1741–1749. 

[32].    P. Mackaman, N. Tangsuphoom, V. Chavasit, " Effect of extraction condition on the chemical and emulsifying properties of pectin from Cyclea barbata Miers leaves", Int. Food Res., Vol. 21, 2014, pp. 799-806.

[33].    R.N. Gayen, K. Sarkar, S. Hussain, R. Bhar , A.K. Pal, "ZnO films prepared by modified sol-gel technique", Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., Vol. 49, 2011, pp.470-477.

[34].    O. Zuas, H. Budiman, N. Hamim, "Synthesis Of ZnO nanoparticles for microwave induced rapid catalytic decolorization of congo red dye", Adv. Mater. Lett., Vol. 4, 2013, pp.662-667.

[35].    P. B. Balbuena,  K.E. Gubbins, "Teoritical interpretation of adsorption behavior of simple fluids in slid pores", Langmuir. Vol. 9, 1993, pp. 1801-1814.

[36].    U.I. Gaya, A.H. Abdullah, Z. Zainal, M.Z. Hussein, "Photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol in irradiated aqueous ZnO suspension", Int. J. Chem., Vol. 2, 2010, pp. 180-193.

D. Visinescu, G. Patrinoiu, A. Tirsoaga, O. Carp, Nanotechnology and Health Risk, Springer, Netherlands, 2012, pp. 119.