Locating Potential Areas for Tourism Development with an Emphasis on Transportation Development: A Case Study of Tonekabon City
Subject Areas : Sustainable Development
Farshad Rafipour
1
*
,
ali Sheikhazami
2
1 - دانشگاه تهران شمال
2 - گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری ، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال
Keywords: Location analysis, tourism development, public transportation, Tonekabon city, IHWP model ,
Abstract :
Transportation is a cornerstone of the tourism industry, which is considered one of the most important and lucrative global resources at the dawn of the third millennium. The primary assumption of public transportation development based on sustainable tourism is increasing tourist satisfaction. Additionally, one of the most advanced urban development perspectives that can initiate improvements in current urban conditions and serve as an effective step toward sustainable development is TOD. Suitable, reliable, comfortable, fast, and affordable transportation facilities are prerequisites for tourism development, as tourists consider both cost and time in their decisions. The choice of transportation system or the availability of an appropriate system affects these two factors when accessing tourist destinations. The objective of this research is to apply a transit-oriented development approach to enhance tourism in Tonekabon. The study is applied and descriptive-analytical, utilizing documentary research, observation, and questionnaires for data collection.
Additionally, the Fuzzy IHWP method is employed to identify potential tourism zones, with a focus on transit-oriented development. The results indicate that the northern, central, and coastal areas of the city, which cover 29% of its total area, have high potential for locating public transportation stations, such as taxi stands, vans, bus terminals, and bicycle lanes. Finally, recommendations are provided, including widening streets, establishing bicycle lanes, and recreational-hospitality activities in the coastal area, improving taxi services to all areas, widening the main bridge connecting the east and west of the city, and constructing public parking near terminals and the coastline.
McNally. (2000). The activity-based approach. In Handbook of Transport Modeling (pp. 53-69). Pergamon.
Dittmar, H., et al. (2004). An Introduction to Transit-Oriented Development. In The New Transit Town: Best Practices in Transit-Oriented Development (pp. 1-18). Island Press.
M. Daisa, J. (2004). Traffic, Parking and Transit-Oriented Development. In The New Transit Town (pp. 113-130).
Hayllar, B., Tony, G., & Edwards, D. (2008). City Spaces – Tourist Places: Urban Tourism Precincts. Elsevier.
An, M. (2009). Integration of the Regression-Based Land Use Model and the Combined Trip Distribution-Assignment Transportation Model. PhD Dissertation, University of Kentucky.
Shahabian, P. (2011). Investigating the role and effects of urban tourism in sustainable urban development; with an emphasis on residents' perception. Armanshahr Architecture & Urbanism Journal, 4(7), 121-132. (In Persian)
Ranjbarian, B., & Zahedi, M. (2012). Understanding Tourism. Chaharbagh Publications, Isfahan. (In Persian)
Habib, F., & Hosseini Nia, M. (2012). An analytical approach to the role of urban space in attracting cultural tourists. American Journal of Scientific Research, 71, 109-125..
Abbaszadegan, M., Rezazadeh, R., & Mohammadi, M. (2012). Examining the concept of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) and the position of Tehran Metro in it. Bagh-e Nazar Journal, 8 (11), 22-38. (In Persian)
Abazar Lou, S. (2013). Master's Thesis: "Vulnerability Assessment of the City with a Passive Defense Approach Using Fuzzy Logic." Supervisor: Kiumars Habibi, Advisor: Hossein Kalantari Khalilabad, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch. (In Persian)
Islam Shoaar, I., & Jamali Saberi, M. (2014). Tourism development with an emphasis on sustainable transportation. First National Conference on Tourism, National Capital, Future Prospects, Isfahan. (In Persian)
Ramazan-Zadeh Lasboei, M., Akbarian Ronizi, S. R., Ramezani-Far, H., & Heidari, Z. (2014). Tourism development in coastal cities and social security (Case study: Tonekabon). Urban Planning Geography Research, 3(3), 309-324. (In Persian)
Seyed Alipour, S. K., & Eghbali, K. (2014). The role of ecotourism, cultural, and historical attractions in tourism development in Semnan Province. Tourism Space Quarterly, 1(1), 126-145. (In Persian)
Javadi Pour, K., & Darbani, A. I. (2016). Urban tourism development with a TOD approach. First National Conference on Islamic Architecture, Urban Heritage, and Sustainable Development, Tehran. (In Persian)
Shad, R., Kodkhodaei, M., & Kodkhodaei, M. (2016). The role of transportation in the tourism industry. Second International Congress on Earth, Space, and Clean Energy, Tehran. (In Persian)
Alizadeh, H., & Abdi, M. H. (2016). Explaining factors affecting citizens' travel patterns using the TOD approach. Urban and Regional Studies and Research Journal, 11, 39-51. (In Persian)
Hosseini-Nia, M. (2017). An analysis of the impact of urban tourist attractions on attracting cultural tourists (Case study: Paris). Hoviyat-e Shahr Journal, 11 (32), 31-44. (In Persian)
Jelincic, D. A. (2016). Croatian Cultural Tourism Development Strategy. A Driving Force for Urban Tourism-Application of Experiences to Countries in Transition. The 1st International Seminar on Culture, May 18-19, pp. 1-6.
Khan, S. A. R., Qianli, D., Wei, S., Zaman, K., & Zhang, Y. (2016). Travel and tourism competitiveness index: The impact of air transportation, railways transportation, travel and transport services on international inbound and outbound tourism. Journal of Air Transport Management, 58, 125-134.
Sarlak, Z., & Parizadi, T. (2018). Urban development in Tehran’s District 12 with an emphasis on TOD. Third International Conference on Civil Engineering, Architecture, and Urban Design. (In Persian)
Seyedi, M., Khajeh Shokouhi, A., & Khodarahm Bezi, A. (2018). Barriers and limitations to sustainable tourism development in the coastal city of Tonekabon. Geographical Space Planning Journal, 8(27), 65-76. (In Persian)
Nguyen, V. T., & Shimizu, T. (2017). Tourist transportation problems and guidelines for developing the tourism industry in Khon Kaen, Thailand. Transportation Research Procedia, 25, 3096-3115.
Shahabadi, A., Ghanbari, Y., Salmanizadeh, E., & Azareh, A. (2019). Feasibility study and site selection for nomadic ecocamps (Case study: Vardasht District, Semirom). Geography Journal (Regional Planning), 9(3), 293-306. (In Persian)
Fathollahi, F., & Estelaji, A. (2019). Site selection for a health village in Ramsar using AHP and VIKOR models. Geography Journal (Regional Planning), 9(3), 533-545. (In Persian)