نقش شبکه‌های اجتماعی مجازی در فرهنگ سیاسی ایران (مورد مطالعه: دانشجویان دانشگاه‌های تهران)
محورهای موضوعی :
مطالعات توسعه اجتماعی ایران
مجید طبیبی جبلی
1
,
علیرضا ازغندی
2
,
ابوالقاسم طاهری
3
,
وحید شالچی
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری علوم سیاسی، گرایش مسائل ایران، گروه علوم سیاسی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - استاد گروه علوم سیاسی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - استاد گروه علوم سیاسی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
4 - استاد گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی (ره) ، تهران، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1396/12/22
تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/12/22
تاریخ انتشار : 1396/12/01
کلید واژه:
شبکه‌های اجتماعی مجازی,
فرهنگ سیاسی سنتی,
انفعالی و فعال مثبت و منفی,
جهت‌گیری شناختی,
احساسی و ارزش‌یابانه,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر بر اساس مطالعه یک نمونه 385 نفری از دانشجویان دانشگاه‌های تهران با روش پیمایشی و استفاده از تکنیک پرسش‌نامه است که به تأثیر شبکه‌های اجتماعی مجازی بر فرهنگ سیاسی دانشجویان پرداخته است. در این پژوهش بر مبنای نظریه فرهنگ سیاسی آلموند و وربا سه نوع فرهنگ سیاسی سنتی، تبعی و مشارکتی در نظر گرفته شده است. این سه نوع فرهنگ سیاسی بر اساس سه بعد شناختی، احساسی و ارزش‌یابانه نسبت به چهار مقوله نظام، درون‌دادها، برون‌دادها و خود به عنوان یک بازیگر مشخص می‌شود. متغیر‌های زمینه‌ای و مستقل در این پژوهش عبارت‌اند از جنسیت، رشته تحصیلی، مقطع تحصیلی، نوع دانشگاه و شبکه‌های اجتماعی مجازی. نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که جمعیت مورد مطالعه الگوهای یکسانی از فرهنگ سیاسی دارند و الگوی غالب در میان آنان الگوی مشارکتی مثبت است اگرچه الگوی مشارکتی منفی نیز در بین آنها وجود دارد که در نظریات آلموند و همکارانش تعریف نشده است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
The present study is based on a study of a sample of 385 students of Tehran universities by survey method and using the questionnaire technique which addresses the impact of virtual social networks on students' political culture. According to Almond and Verba's political culture three types of political cultures including "traditional", "causal" and "participatory" have been considered in this research. These three types of political culture are characterized by three dimensions: "cognitive", "emotional" and "evaluative", in relation to the four categories of "system", "inputs", "outputs" and "oneself as an actor". Grounded and independent variables in this research are gender, field of study, academic degree, university type and virtual social networks. The results of the research show that the population studied has the same patterns of political culture and the prevailing pattern among them is a positive participatory model. Although there is a negative participatory pattern among them, which is not defined in Almond's and his colleagues' views.
منابع و مأخذ:
Almond, Gabriel and Jay Bingham Powell (1996); political socialization and political culture; Alireza Tayeb's translation; Economic Political Information; No. 114 and 113.
Almond, Gabriel and G.Bingham Powell. (1975), Comparative politics: Adevelopment Aproach, Boston: Little, Brown and Company.
Azimi, Gholamreza and Mohammad Reza Rasouli (2010) Examining the Factors Affecting Political Inequality (With Emphasis on Political Culture), Social Sciences Quarterly, No. 48.
Bashirieh, Hossein (2009); Barriers to Political Development in Iran; First Edition; Tehran: A New Step.
Boulianne, Shelley. (2015). Social Media Use and Participation: A Meta-analysis of Current Research. Information, Communication & Society, Vol. 18, No. 5, Routledge. Pp: 524–538.
Burns, Matt. (2016). "Encrypted Messaging App Telegram Hits 100M Monthly Active Users, 350k New Users Each Day". Online: TechCrunch.Com, Retrieved 12 July.
Elazar, D. (1984), American Federalism: A view from the states (3rd ed.), New York: Harper and Row.
Fast al-Kalam, Mahmoud (1392), Political Culture of Iran, Tehran, Farzan Drought.
Foot, Lucian W. (2001), Political Identity and Culture, Gholamreza Khaje Sarveyi Translation, Tehran, Strategic Studies Institute Research.
Ispa (2009), National Survey of Iran's Political Culture, Tehran, Center for Students Thinking of Iran.
Kietzmann, Jan; Kristopher Hermkens. (2011). "Social media? Get serious! Understanding the functional building blocks of social media". Business Horizons.
Mosallinejad, Abbas (2007), Iranian Political Culture, Tehran, Saba Culture.Almond, Gabriel and Sidney Verba. (1965), Civic culture, Political Attitiudes and Democracy in five nation, Boston: Little, Brown and Company.
Pempek, T., & et al. (2009). “College students' social networking experiences on Facebook”. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology. 30.
Pouri, Ehsan (2011), The study of the role and influence of Facebook on the formation of social networks from the viewpoint of experts and experts in media affairs, Master's dissertation, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Center.
Rosenbaum, Walter, (1975) Political Culture.
Sharif, Mohammad Reza (2002), Quiet Revolution, an Introduction to the Transformation of Political Culture in Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Tessler, M. (2011), Public opinion in the Middle East: survey reaserch and the political orientations of ordinary citizens, Indiana: Indiana university press.
Zuneis; Marvin (2008); Psychology of the political elite of Iran; translation of Parviz Salehi, Soleiman Aminzadeh and Zahra Labadi; First edition; Tehran: Chapaqat.
_||_
Almond, Gabriel and Jay Bingham Powell (1996); political socialization and political culture; Alireza Tayeb's translation; Economic Political Information; No. 114 and 113.
Almond, Gabriel and G.Bingham Powell. (1975), Comparative politics: Adevelopment Aproach, Boston: Little, Brown and Company.
Azimi, Gholamreza and Mohammad Reza Rasouli (2010) Examining the Factors Affecting Political Inequality (With Emphasis on Political Culture), Social Sciences Quarterly, No. 48.
Bashirieh, Hossein (2009); Barriers to Political Development in Iran; First Edition; Tehran: A New Step.
Boulianne, Shelley. (2015). Social Media Use and Participation: A Meta-analysis of Current Research. Information, Communication & Society, Vol. 18, No. 5, Routledge. Pp: 524–538.
Burns, Matt. (2016). "Encrypted Messaging App Telegram Hits 100M Monthly Active Users, 350k New Users Each Day". Online: TechCrunch.Com, Retrieved 12 July.
Elazar, D. (1984), American Federalism: A view from the states (3rd ed.), New York: Harper and Row.
Fast al-Kalam, Mahmoud (1392), Political Culture of Iran, Tehran, Farzan Drought.
Foot, Lucian W. (2001), Political Identity and Culture, Gholamreza Khaje Sarveyi Translation, Tehran, Strategic Studies Institute Research.
Ispa (2009), National Survey of Iran's Political Culture, Tehran, Center for Students Thinking of Iran.
Kietzmann, Jan; Kristopher Hermkens. (2011). "Social media? Get serious! Understanding the functional building blocks of social media". Business Horizons.
Mosallinejad, Abbas (2007), Iranian Political Culture, Tehran, Saba Culture.Almond, Gabriel and Sidney Verba. (1965), Civic culture, Political Attitiudes and Democracy in five nation, Boston: Little, Brown and Company.
Pempek, T., & et al. (2009). “College students' social networking experiences on Facebook”. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology. 30.
Pouri, Ehsan (2011), The study of the role and influence of Facebook on the formation of social networks from the viewpoint of experts and experts in media affairs, Master's dissertation, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Center.
Rosenbaum, Walter, (1975) Political Culture.
Sharif, Mohammad Reza (2002), Quiet Revolution, an Introduction to the Transformation of Political Culture in Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Tessler, M. (2011), Public opinion in the Middle East: survey reaserch and the political orientations of ordinary citizens, Indiana: Indiana university press.
Zuneis; Marvin (2008); Psychology of the political elite of Iran; translation of Parviz Salehi, Soleiman Aminzadeh and Zahra Labadi; First edition; Tehran: Chapaqat.
