مدل‌سازی خرده‌فروش در برنامه‌ریزی بهینه و تاب آور ظرفیت شبکه‌های هوشمند، با درنظرگرفتن منابع مدیریت سمت تقاضا و عدم‌قطعیت‌ها
احسان خوش کردار
1
(
دانشکده مهندسی برق- واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران
)
عبداله راستگو
2
(
دانشکده مهندسی برق- واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران
)
سعید خراطی
3
(
دانشکده مهندسی برق- واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران
)
کلید واژه: تاب‌آوری, شبکه هوشمند, خرده‌فروش, مدل‌سازی ظرفیت,
چکیده مقاله :
هر ساله در سراسر جهان خاموشی های بسیاری به دلیل فجایع طبیعی رخ می دهند که هزینه های بسیاری به منظور بازیابی شبکه تحمیل می کنند. از این رو مفهوم تاب آوری تعریف و تلاش ها برای عملکرد تاب آور شبکه های برق شدت گرفت. یکی از موارد مهم در طراحی شبکه های برق تاب آور، تامین ظرفیت مورد نیاز سیستم با در نظرگرفتن موضوع تاب آوری است که مدنظر این مقاله است. از آنجا که با توجه به دلایل اقتصادی حضور بیشتر ارائه دهندگان ظرفیت سبب ایجاد رقابت و بهبود کارایی بازار می شود، باید از منابع مدیریت سمت مصرف نیز در بازار ظرفیت استفاده شود. با توجه به این که حضور پایدار و کارای منابع مدیریت سمت مصرف در بازار ظرفیت تنها با مشارکت شرکت های تامین کننده بار، که در این مقاله شرکت های خرده فروشی در نظر گرفته شده اند، امکان پذیر است، باید پارامترهای تاثیرگذار بر رفتار آنها و نحوه تعامل آنها با دو بخش بازار (مدیریت بازار و مشترکین) در هر دو سمت بازار مدل سازی شود. از این رو در این مقاله مدل سازی و ارزیابی شده است که مشارکت خرده فروش در بازار ظرفیت چگونه است و تا چه میزان می تواند بر کاهش هزینه های قابلیت اطمینان و تاب آوری در بازار ظرفیت موثر باشد. طبیعی است که باید سود خرده فروش در این تجارت نیز محاسبه شود و اطمینان حاصل شود که خرده فروش با کسب سود قابل قبول در این بازار حضور خواهد یافت تا شبکه نیز از حضور او بهره مند شود. نتایج عددی نشان داده است که به کارگیری خرده فروش به عنوان نماینده منابع سمت مصرف در بازار ظرفیت سبب کاهش هزینه های خاموشی به اندازه 5/1 درصد معادل با صرفه جویی 297638 دلار در سال خواهد شد، این در حالی است که خرده فروش نیز از این تجارت به طور متوسط روزانه حدود 3716 دلار سود خواهد برد.
چکیده انگلیسی :
Every year, many blackouts occur all over the world as a result of natural disasters which cause many economic losses and impose a lot of costs on electricity network in order to restore the network. Therefore, definition of resilience concept and efforts for the resilient performance of power grids intensified. One of the important things in the design of resilient power networks is to provide the required capacity of the system by considering the issue of resilience, which is considered in this paper. Considering the economic reasons, the presence of more capacity providers will create competition and improve the efficiency of the market, so demand-side management resources should also be used in the capacity market. Considering that the stable and efficient presence of demand-side management resources in the capacity market is possible only with the participation of load supplying companies, which are considered retailers in this paper, the parameters affecting their behavior and how they interact with the two market segments (market management and consumers) should be modeled on both sides of the market. Therefore, in this paper, it has been modeled and evaluated how the retailer's participation in the capacity market is and to what extent it can be effective in reducing reliability and resilience costs in the capacity market. It is natural that the retailer's profit in this business should also be calculated and it should be ensured that the retailer will be present in this market with an acceptable profit so that the network will also benefit from his presence. Numerical results have shown that using the retailer as a provider of demand-side resources in the capacity market will reduce outage costs by 1.5%, equivalent to saving $297,638 per year. Meanwhile, the retailer will also benefit from this business on an average of $3716 per day.
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