مروری بر ساختار و بهبود پارامترهای اصلی مبدل‌های افزاینده غیرایزوله DC/DC

محورهای موضوعی : انرژی های تجدیدپذیر

امید شریفیانا ¹ (دانشکده مهندسی برق- واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران)
مجید دهقانی ² (دانشکده مهندسی برق- واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران)
غضنفر شاهقلیان ³ (مرکز تحقیقات ریز شبکه های هوشمند- واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران)
سید محمد مهدی میرطلائی ⁴ (مرکز تحقیقات ریز شبکه های هوشمند- واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران)
مسعود جباری ⁵ (دانشکده مهندسی برق- واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/11/27 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/01/31 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/09/01

کلید واژه: راندمان, مبدل‌های غیر ایزوله, ضریب بهره ولتاژ, کلید‌زنی نرم, ساختار رزونانسی, مداراهای اسنابر,

چکیده مقاله :

چکیده: تولید انرژی الکتریکی پاک از اساسی‌ترین نیازهای پیش روی بشر امروز است. از این رو استفاده از نیروگاه‌هایی تولید برق که سوخت‌های تجدیدپذیر و سازگار با محیط زیست (انرژی‌های نو) به‌عنوان سوخت پایه آن‌هاست، بشدت مورد اقبال قرار گرفته است. حال آنکه سطح ولتاژ خروجی نیروگاه‌های محلی تولید انرژی الکتریکی بر پایه انرژی‌های نو، به عنوان ولتاژ ورودی طبقات بعدی (اینورترها و ...)، پایین است. از این‌رو محققان سعی کرده‌اند با استفاده از مبدل‌های افزایندهDC/DC این عیب را برطرف سازند. ساختارهای مربوط به این مبدل‌ها بر اساس انتظارات طراح مانند ضریب بهره ولتاژ، توان خروجی، بازده، مشخصات ولتاژ ورودی و ... متفاوت است. مبدل‌های افزاینده به کمک کلیدزنی و ذخیره انرژی در سلف خود، وظیفه افزایش ولتاژ DC را بر عهده دارند. اما همین ساختار ساده را می‌‌توان به کمک ترفندهای جدید همچون، استفاده از تزویج مغناطیسی، افزودن مدارات افزاینده غیر فعال به ساختار مبدل‌، ایجاد ساختارهای کامل‌تر با بهره بردن از چندین کلید اکتیو و حتی ترکیب چند ساختار با هم به نقطه مطلوبی از نظر بهره ولتاژ رساند. از سوی دیگر با روش‌های کلیدزنی نرم ( رزونانس و اسنابر و ...) راندمان مبدل‌های افزاینده در محدوده قابل قبولی قرار می‌گیرند. در این مقاله، انواعی از نیروگاه‌های بر پایه انرژی‌های نو و سپس مبدل‌های افزاینده که از اساسی‌ترین ارکان یک نیروگاه بر پایه انرژی‌های نو هستند، از نظر ساختارهای افزاینده و روش‌های کاربردی جهت بهینه‌سازی این مبدل‌ها به خصوص از نظر کاهش تلفات و افزایش راندمان دسته‌بندی شده است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Abstract: The production of clean electricity is one of the most basic human needs today. Therefore, the use of power plants that use renewable and environmentally friendly fuels (new energy) as their base fuel, has been highly appreciated. However, the output voltage level of local power plants based on new energies is as low as the input voltage of the next floors (inverters, etc.). Therefore, researchers have tried to solve this defect by using DC / DC boost converters. The structures related to these converters are different based on the designer's expectations such as voltage gain, output power, efficiency, input voltage specifications, etc. Boost converters are responsible for increasing the DC voltage by switching and storing energy in their inductor. But the same simple structure can be created with the help of new tricks such as using magnetic coupling, adding passive incremental circuits to the converter structure, creating more complete structures by using several active switches and even combining several structures together to the desired point in terms of voltage gain. On the other hand, with soft switching methods (resonance, snubber, etc.), the efficiency of boost converters is in the acceptable range. In this paper, the types of power plants based on new energy and then boost converters, which are the most basic elements of a power plant based on new energy, it is categorized in terms of incremental structures and applied methods for optimizing these converters, especially in terms of reducing losses and increasing efficiency.

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