اثربخشی آموزش تاب‌آوری روان‌شناختی بر عاطفه مثبت و منفی و رضایت از زندگی نوجوانان
محورهای موضوعی : روان شناسی تحولی
علی خدائی
1
(استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی
دانشگاه پیام نور کردستان)
حسین زارع
2
(استاد گروه روان‌شناسی
دانشگاه پیام نور تهران)
کلید واژه: رضایت از زندگی, بهزیستی عاطفی, نوجوانان, تاب‌آوری روان‌شناختی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش تعیین اثربخشی آموزش تاب آوری روان‌شناختی به مادران بر عاطفه مثبت و منفی و رضایت نوجوانان آن ها از زندگی بود. روش پژوهش شبه تجربی با گروه آزمایشی و گواه و طرح پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری 2ماهه بود. تعداد 50 نوجوان دختر و مادران آن ها با روش نمونه برداری در دسترس از دبیرستان دخترانه شهر تهران انتخاب شدند. برنامه تاب آوری روان‌شناختی (استینهارت و دالبیر، 2008) به شیوه گروهی به مادران گروه آزمایشی در 7 جلسه دوساعته هفته ای یک بار آموزش داده شد و نوجوانان دو گروه در سه مرحله به فهرست عاطفه مثبت و منفی (واتسون، کلارک و تلگن، 1988) و مقیاس رضایت از زندگی (دینر، ایمونس، لارسن و گریفین، 1985) پاسخ دادند. داده‌ها با استفاده از طرح تحلیل واریانس مختلط با اندازه‌گیری مکرر تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که آموزش برنامه تاب‌آوری روان شناختی به مادران بر عاطفه مثبت، عاطفه منفی و رضایت نوجوانان آن ها از زندگی اثر دارد و این تأثیر در مرحله پیگیری پایدار مانده است. برنامه آموزش تاب‌آوری روان‌شناختی از طریق تقویت تفکر خوش‌‌بینانه، مهارت‌های مدیریت هیجانی و تفاسیر شناختی خودتوانمندساز، تضعیف تفاسیر شناختی خودناتوان‌‌ساز و درنهایت، بهبود در خزانه مهارت‌های بین فردی نوجوانان، مصونیت روانی آن ها را سبب می‌شود.
This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of teaching psychological resilience on positive and negative affect and life satisfaction in adolescence. The research methodology was quasi-experimental with an experimental group and pretest-posttest control group design and a 2 month follow-up stage. 50 adolescent girls and their mothers were selected via convenience sampling method. The girls were from a high school in Tehran. The psychological resilience training program (Steinhardt and Dolbier, 2008) was taught to the mothers of the experimental group by group training in a weekly two-hour session for seven weeks, and the adolescents in 2 groups responded in 3 stages to the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen & Griffin, 1985). Data were analyzed by ANOVA with repeated measure. The results showed that the psychological resilience training program for mothers had an effect on positive and negative affect, and life satisfaction of their adolescents, and the effect has remained intact in the follow-up stage. The psychological resilience program can lead to mental immunity by enhancing positive thinking, emotional management skills, and self-empowering cognitive interpretations, and decreasing self-destructive cognitive interpretations and eventually by improving interpersonal skills among adolescents.
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