تحول هویت نوجوانان پسر ایرانی در بستر ضد روایت زندگی: یک پژوهش کیفی
محورهای موضوعی : روان درمانگری
یوسف جلالی
1
(
دانشجوی دکتری روان شناسی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
)
حسین اسکندری
2
(
استاد گروه روان شناسی
دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
)
احمد برجعلی
3
(
استاد گروه روان شناسی
دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
)
فرامرز سهرابی
4
(
استاد روان شناسی
دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
)
محمد عسگری
5
(
دانشیار گروه روان شناسی تربیتی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
)
کلید واژه: نوجوان, روایت پژوهی, ضد روایت, هویت روایتی,
چکیده مقاله :
هـدف ایـن پژوهـش بررسـی تحـول هویـت نوجوانـان پسـر ایرانـی در بسـتر ضـد روایـت زندگـی آنهـا بـود. روش پژوهـش کیفـی و همبسـتگی بـود. جامعـۀ آمـاری پژوهـش در بخـش کیفـی شـامل نوجوانـان پسـر ۱۵ تـا ۲۰ سـاله و روان‌شناسـان و جامعه‌شناسـان شـهر تهـران در سـال ۱۳۹۹ بـود. نوجوانـان بـا نمونه‌بـرداری دردسـترس انتخـاب شـدند و نمونه بـرداری از آنـان تـا زمـان رسـیدن بـه اشـباع نظـری (۱۹ نفـر) ادامـه یافـت. از میـان متخصصـان نیـز ۶ نفـر بـا اسـتفاده از نمونه‌گیـری هدفمنـد انتخـاب شـدند. در بخـش کمـی، جامعـۀ آمـاری نوجوانـان پسـر ۱۵ تـا ۲۰ سـالۀ شـهر تهـران در سـال ۱۳۹۹ بـود و از بیـن آنهـا ۲۱۸ نفـر بـا اسـتفاده از نمونه‌گیـری دردسـترس انتخـاب شـدند. گـردآوری داده‌هـا در بخـش کیفـی از طریـق مصاحبـۀ داسـتان زندگـی (مک آدامـز، ۱۹۹۵) و در بخـش کمـی بـا اسـتفاده از پرسشـنامۀ محقق سـاخته انجـام و بـرای تحلیـل داده‌هـا در بخـش کیفـی از روش تحلیـل محتـوا و در بخـش کمـی از تحلیـل عاملـی تأییـدی اسـتفاده شـد. نتایـج تحلیـل محتـوا نشـان داد کـه مـدل ضـد روایـت نوجوانـان شـامل مؤلفه‌هایـی چـون سـبک زندگـی اختیـاری، حـس منحصربه فـرد بـودن، اسـتقلال‌خواهی و رقابت‌جویـی اسـت. نتایـج تحلیـل عاملـی مرتبـۀ اول حاکـی از برازندگـی مناسـب ایـن مـدل بـا داده‌هـا بـود. نتایـج تحلیـل عاملـی مرتبـۀ دوم نیـز نشـان داد کـه حـس منحصربه فـرد بـودن بیشـترین سـهم را در مـدل دارد. بـر اسـاس یافتـه‌هـای پژوهـش می‌تـوان نتیجـه گرفـت کـه ارزش‌هـای مـدرن و فردی‌نگـر نفـوذ چشـمگیر در سـاختار ضدروایـت هویـت نوجوانـان پسـر ایرانـی دارد.
The aim of this study was to investigate the development of identity of Iranian male adolescents in the context of counter-narrative of their lives. The research method was qualitative and correlational. In the qualitative phase, the population consisted of male adolescents aged 15-20 years old, as well as psychologists and sociologists in Tehran in 2020. The adolescents were selected by the convenience sampling method and the process of sampling was continued until theoretical saturation (19 people). Also, 6 specialists were selected by the purposive sampling. In the quantitative phase, the population consisted of adolescents aged 15-20 years old in Tehran in 2020, from which 218 people were selected by convenience sampling. In the qualitative phase, data were collected through the life story interview (McAdams, 1995) and in the quantitative phase by a researcher-made questionnaire. In the qualitative phase, data were analyzed through the content analysis method and in the quantitative phase through the confirmatory factor analysis. The results of content analysis showed that the counter narrative model of Iranian male adolescents includes components such as voluntary lifestyle, sense of uniqueness, independence-seeking and competitiveness. The results of first-order factor analysis indicated that the model has a good fit with the data. The results of second-order factor analysis also showed that the sense of uniqueness has the most contribution in the counter narrative model of Iranian male adolescents. According to the research findings, it can be concluded that the modern and individualistic values have gained a significant contribution in the structure of counter narrative of Iranian male adolescents.
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