ارائه مدل تدریس اثربخش اساتید دانشگاه بر پایه تحلیل شبکه عصبی مصنوعی
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسی تربیتی
1 - 1. گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران
کلید واژه: روابط انسانی, دانشجو, تدریس اثربخش, ویزگی های شخصیتی, مهارت تدریس و مدیریت کلاسی, مهارت ارزشیابی,
چکیده مقاله :
تحقیق حاضر با هدف ارائه الگوی تدریس اثربخش اساتید دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی با بهرهگیری از تحلیل شبکههای عصبی مصنوعی انجام گرفت. پژوهش حاضر از حیث هدف کاربردی و از نوع طرحهای ترکیبی- اکتشافی است. جامعهی آماری تحقیق دانشجویان تحصیلات تکمیلی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ارومیه میباشد که در قسمت کیفی تعداد 24 نفر از دانشجویان به روش نمونهگیری هدفمند و تا مرحله اشباع نظری یافتهها به شیوه گروههای کانونی مورد مصاحبه قرار گرفتند. در قسمت کمی نیز با استفاده از فرمول برآورد حجم نمونه کوکران و به صورت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ طبقهای تعداد 361 نفر به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. در این پژوهش برای جمعآوری دادهها و اطلاعات لازم از دو نوع ابزارِ مصاحبه نیمه ساختارمند و پرسشنامه محقق ساخته استفاده شدهاست. روایی صوری و محتوایی پرسشنامه مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. ضریب آلفای کرونباخ برای پرسشنامه 81/0به دست آمد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها از فنون آمار توصیفی و استنباطی استفاده شد. بر اساس یافتههای حاصل از مصاحبه مشخص شد که عوامل مؤثر بر تدریس اثربخش در 5 مقوله کلی ویژگیهای شخصیتی و فردی، ویژگیهای علمی و سواد، توانمندی در روابط انسانی و قدرت برقراری ارتباط، مهارت تدریس و مدیریت کلاس درس و مهارت ارزشیابی قابل بررسی میباشد. یافتههای بخش کمی نیز نشان داد از دیدگاه دانشجویان بهترین ساختار برای تدریس اثربخش، دارای یک لایه ورودی با 5 متغیر ورودی و یک لایه پنهان با 3 نرون و یک لایه خروجی با یک متغیر خروجی بود. بررسی اهمیت متغیرهای مستقل در پیشگویی تدریس اثربخش نشان داد که از دیدگاه دانشجویان بیشترین اهمیت مربوط به ویژگیهای شخصیتی و فردی و کمترین اهمیت مربوط به ویژگیهای علمی و سواد استاد می باشد.
The aim of this study was to Modeling Effective Teaching of Faculty Members Based on Artificial Neural Network Analysis. So this study has practical purpose and in terms of research methods was combined and Hybrid-type exploration projects. In this study, all students of Islamic Azad university of Urmia were considered as the population. on qualitative section; we interviewed 24 students from Islamic Azad University of Urmia. Participants were selected using typical sampling until we research theoretical saturation while conducting deep and semi-structured interview. Using a random stratified sample size formula Cochran,361 students were selected. In this study, to collect data and information semi-structured interview and questionnaire have been used. Formal and content validity of the questionnaire was approved. Coronbach's alpha coefficient was 0/81. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used. Based on the findings of the interview, it was determined that effective factors on effective teaching in 5 categories of personality and personal traits, scientific characteristics and literacy, ability in human relationships and communication, teaching and classroom management skills and evaluation skills. The quantitative findings also showed that from the perspective of students, the best structure for effective teaching, had an input layer with 5 input variables and a hidden layer with 3 neurons and an output layer with an output variable. Studying the importance of independent variables in predicting effective teaching showed that from the viewpoint of students, the most important is the personality and personality traits, and the least important is the academic characteristics and literacy of the teacher.
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_||_Asadi, M., Gholami, K. (2016). Synthesis research on effective teaching model in higher education. Journal of Educational Planning, 5(9). 113-134.
Andalib, B., & Ahmadi, A. (2007). Amount of applying the standards of effective teaching in Islamic Azad University of Khourasgan from the perspective of the student. Journal of Researchin Educational Sciences, Islamic Azad University, 15 [in Persian].
Bahadori, M., Rajabi, GH., Raadabadi, m., & yagoobi, m. (2014). Analysis of the Systematic Relationships between Influencing Factors on Effective Teaching from the Perspective of Graduate Students Using Graph Theory, education development jondishapoor, 5(1):110-125 [in Persian].
Carnell, E. (2007). Conceptions of effective teaching in higher education; extending the boundaries. Teaching in Higher Education; 12, 25-40.
Dargahi H, Hamouzadeh P, Sadeghifar J, et al. (2011). Criteria assessment of a expect teacher for effective teaching. Journal of Payavard Salamat,4(3):91-98 [in Persian].
Darling-Hammond, L. (2000). Teacher quality and student achievement: A review of state policy and evidence. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 8(1).
Devlin, M. (2007c, May). The scholarship of teaching in Australian higher education: A national imperative. Keynote address at the Vice-Chancellors Colloquium, The University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia.
Devlin, Marcia & Samarawickrema, Gayani, (2010), the criteria of effective teaching in a changing higher education context. Higher Education Research & Development. 29, 111-124.
Golami, kh., & asadi, m. (2014). Profetional experience of faculty in effective teaching in higher education, Quarterly journal of teory and practice in curriculum 1(2), 5-26.
Harandi Zadeh E, Naeimi A, Pezeshki Rad G, & Namdar R. (2011). Analysis of Good Faculty Characteristics from Students' Perspective at College of Agriculture: Tarbiat Modares University Case. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 16 (4) :41-55 16 (4): 41-55
Hativa, N. Barak, R. & Simhi, E. (2001) Exemplary university teachers: Knowledge andbeliefs regarding effective teaching dimensions and strategiesJournal of Higher Education. 72(6):699-729.
Hejazi, y. Rajabiyan, f., & omid, m. (2014). Comparison of service quality measurement models in evaluating students' quality of teaching and learning process using artificial neural network, Agricultural Economics and Development journal, 4(45): 663-672 [in Persian].
Jun-qiao, Q., Chang-long, W., & Yan-Ming, Q. (2009); The application on the evaluation of quality of universities undergraduate theory teaching work based on artificial neural network; Information Assurance and Security, Fifth International Conference on, 18-20 Aug,387-390.
Kember, D. Ma, R. McNaught, C. (2006) excellent university teachingHong KongThe Chinese University Press.
Khangahi, MM. (2016). Effective teaching model of faculty members of Tabriz university, m.a. thesid, shabestar branch.islamic azad university [in Persian].
Lihua, L., Fuming, L., & Changlong, W. (2009); Study on undergraduate teaching job quality assessment based on artificial Fish-BP neural network. Services Science; Management and Engineering, International Conference on. 11-12 July,246-249.
Marsh, H. W., Muthén, B., Asparouhov, T., Lüdtke, O., Robitzsch, A., Morin, A. & Trautwein, U. (2009). Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling, Integrating CFA and EFA: Application to Students’ Evaluations of University Teaching, Structural Equation Modeling, 16, 439–476.
Marsh, H.W., & Roche, L.A. (1994). The use of students’ evaluations of university teaching to improve teaching effectiveness. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.
Maroufi (2014). Prioritizing the Factors Influencing Effective Teaching from the Viewpoint of Students: The Use of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Iranian Journal of Medical Education, 12(11): 817-825 [in Persian].
Merghati khoei. E, Zareie, F., Bayat, A., Dasturpoor, M., & Rimaz, sh. (2013). Exploring The Teaching and Learning Approaches from the viewpoint of Postgraduate Students and their Lecturers, journal of health education,1(3):67-83 [in Persian].
Mittal, S. & Gera, R. (2013). Student Evaluation of Teaching Effectiveness (SET): An SEM Study in Higher Education in India, International Journal of Business and Social Science,4(10). [Special Issue – August 2013].
Mozaffari N, Mohammadi M, & Dadkhah B. (2010). The specialties of a good master from theviewpoint of student of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, 61-69 [in Persian].
Newmann, F. M. (1991). Linking restructuring to authentic student achievement, Phi Delta Kappan, 72(6), 458-461.
Nicholls, G. (2002). Developing teaching and learning in higher education. USA and Canad: Routledge Falmer.
Nunan D, & Lamb C. (1996) The Self-DirectedTeacher, Managing the Learning Process. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Nyrosys, M. (2012). Neural Networks in spss, amir reza fatipour jaliliyan and mazyar najba, kiyan rayan publication.
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